Colloids is matter around us pure
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The document discusses colloidal solutions, which are heterogeneous mixtures where the colloidal particles are small enough that the mixture appears homogeneous. Colloids differ from other mixtures in that the particles do not separate over time and cannot be separated via filtration. Common examples of colloids include milk, fog, and smoke. Colloids are made up of a dispersed phase of small solute particles suspended within a dispersion medium.
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Common salt, also known as sodium chloride, has the chemical formula NaCl. It is a colorless crystalline substance that occurs naturally in sea water, rock salt deposits, and inland lakes. While slightly hygroscopic, common salt has a high melting point of 820°C and produces hydrochloric acid fumes when heated with sulfuric acid. It has many important uses, including being an essential part of the human diet, a food preservative, and industrial applications such as soap production, pottery glazing, and as a raw material for other chemicals.
Atomic structure
1) Atoms are composed of a small, dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons.
2) Rutherford's gold foil experiment showed that atoms are mostly empty space, with a small, dense nucleus accounting for most of an atom's mass.
3) The atomic number of an element is the number of protons in its nucleus, while the mass number includes both protons and neutrons. Isotopes of the same element have different numbers of neutrons.
NEP 2020
The National Education Policy 2020 aims to universalize education from pre-school to secondary level with 100% enrollment. Around 200 million out of school children will be brought into the mainstream. The Ministry of Human Resource Development has been renamed the Ministry of Education. The new school structure includes 3 years of preschool, 3 years of lower primary, 3 years of upper primary, 4 years of secondary, and 3-4 years of higher secondary/college. Students will have multiple entry and exit options between vocational and academic streams. National Curricular and Pedagogical Framework will be developed for early childhood education up to age 8. National standards for teachers will be developed by 2022.
Mole CONCEPT
This document discusses molecules, atoms, and the mole concept in chemistry. It defines molecules as combinations of two or more atoms, and describes molecules of elements and compounds. Molecules can be diatomic, triatomic, tetra-atomic, or poly-atomic depending on the number and type of atoms combined. The mole concept is introduced as a convenient way to represent large numbers of particles collectively. One mole equals Avogadro's number of particles, and conveys information about number, mass, and volume.
Atom
This document discusses atoms and their properties. It defines an atom as the smallest particle of matter that can participate in a chemical reaction. Atoms have a specific atomic radius and symbol. The atomic mass of an element is its relative mass compared to carbon-12 and is expressed in atomic mass units. Several elements and their atomic masses are listed as examples.
Atoms and molecules
This document provides an overview of the historical development of atomic theory. It discusses early Indian philosophers like Maharishi Kanad and Pakudha Katyayama who postulated that matter is made of small particles. Later, Greek philosophers Democritus and Leucippus suggested the idea of atoms as indivisible particles. Antoine Lavoisier established the laws of conservation of mass and constant proportions through experiments. John Dalton provided further explanation through his atomic theory, stating that all matter is made of atoms that combine in whole number ratios to form compounds.
Atoms and molecules (part -1)
This document discusses the early theories of matter starting from ancient Indian philosophers who postulated that matter is made of tiny indivisible particles. Later, Greek philosophers Democritus and Leucippus suggested the idea of atoms, the smallest particles of matter. Antoine Lavoisier established the laws of conservation of mass and constant proportions through experiments. John Dalton provided further explanation through his atomic theory, stating that all matter is made of atoms that are indivisible, unchanging in mass and properties between elements, and that atoms combine in whole number ratios to form compounds.
TISSUE- SIMPLE PERMANENT TISSUE
This document summarizes the key characteristics and types of permanent tissue in plants. It discusses that permanent tissue has a definite shape and size and has lost the ability to divide. It then describes the two main types of permanent tissue - simple permanent tissue and complex permanent tissue. Simple permanent tissue includes parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma tissue. It provides details on the characteristics, types and functions of each of these simple permanent tissues.
Bio chp 2( lec1)
This document discusses plant tissue. It defines tissue as a group of similar cells that combine to form tissue. There are two main types of plant tissue - meristematic and permanent tissue. Meristematic tissue is made of cells that remain in continuous division and help increase the length and girth of plants. There are three types of meristematic tissue - apical, lateral, and intercalary. Apical meristem is located at growing tips and increases linear growth. Lateral meristem increases girth and occurs on stem and root sides. Intercalary meristem is present at node bases. Cell differentiation occurs when meristematic tissue takes on specific roles, loses ability to divide, and forms permanent tissue types.
The smallest countries of world
The document discusses the smallest countries in the world. It lists the top six smallest countries, providing details about each: Vatican City is the smallest at 0.44 sq km, followed by Monaco at 2 sq km, Nauru at 21 sq km, Tuvalu also at 21 sq km, San Marino at 61 sq km, and Liechtenstein at 160 sq km. It provides facts about each country's location, currency, capital, and other notable details. The document also defines what constitutes a micronation and lists Sealand as an example.
ABOUT JAMMU AND KASHMIR
This document contains 20 multiple choice questions about the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir asked by Miss Ritima to students of Army Public School, Rakhmuthi. The questions cover topics like the original lake in the Kashmir Valley, famous historian Kalhana and the language he wrote in, when Jammu and Kashmir became a Union Territory, districts and their sizes, temples, Buddhist councils, river names, dances, gateways, lakes, first governor and chief justice of the region.
HOW TO OBTAIN PURE COPPER SULPHATE FROM AN IMPURE SAMPLE
This document discusses crystallization as a technique for purifying substances. Crystallization involves dissolving an impure sample in a minimum amount of water, filtering out impurities, evaporating the water to form a saturated solution, then allowing crystals of the pure substance to form slowly as the solution cools at room temperature. As an example, impure copper sulfate can be purified through crystallization by dissolving it in water, filtering, evaporating the water to form crystals, which are then obtained in the china dish. Crystallization is widely used for purification in applications like sea water desalination, separating alum crystals, and in the pharmaceutical industry.
Noble prize
This document provides information about several prominent Indian Nobel Prize winners. It discusses Hargobind Khorana, who won the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for interpreting the genetic code; Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, who won the 2009 Nobel Prize in Chemistry; Rabindranath Tagore, who was the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913; Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, who won the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physics; Mother Teresa, who won the 1979 Nobel Peace Prize; C.V. Raman, who won the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physics; Amartya Sen, who won the 1998 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences; and Kailash
extra questions - THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE
This document contains questions and answers about cell organelles and their functions. It discusses the roles of the plasma membrane, mitochondria, Golgi body, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and other organelles. The key points covered include that the plasma membrane is selectively permeable, mitochondria generate ATP as the cell's energy source, lysosomes digest waste and damaged cell components, and the endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes proteins and lipids.
HOW CAN WE OBTAIN COLOURED COMPONENT FROM BLUE OR BLACK INK?
The document describes an experiment to separate the components of ink through evaporation. Ink is a mixture of dye in water. By heating a beaker of water with a few drops of ink on a watch glass placed over the beaker, the water evaporates, leaving behind only the non-volatile dye component. This demonstrates that evaporation can be used to separate the volatile solvent (water) from the non-volatile solute (dye) in a mixture like ink. The key apparatus used are a beaker, watch glass, Bunsen burner, and wire gauze.
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Colloids is matter around us pure
- 1. IS MATTER AROUND US PURE ( COLLOIDAL SOLUTIONS) BY: MISS RITIMA ( YOU TUBE CHANNEL : SHORT SHOT BIOLOGY FOLLOW @ SLIDE SHARE APP- MISS RITIMABIOLOGYEXP)
- 2. WHAT IS A COLLOIDAL SOLUTIONS? A COLLOIDAL SOLUTION IS A HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE. BUT DUE TO SMALL PARTICLE SIZE THE COLLOIDAL SOLUTION APPEAR TO BE THE HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES. EXAMPLES: MILK WE CAN NOT SEE COLLOIDAL PARTICLES WITH OUR NAKED EYES . THEY SHOW TYNDALL EFFECT.
- 4. COLLOIDAL PARTICLES SHOW TYNDAL EFFECT
- 5. PROPERTIES OF COLLOID COLLOID IS A HETROGENEOUS MIXTURE. THE PARTICLES OF COLLOIDS CAN NOT BE SEEN BY NAKED EYES. THEY DONOT SETTLE DOWN WHEN LEFT UNDISTURBED , THAT IS THE COLLOIDS ARE QUITE STABLE. THEY CAN NOT BE SEPARATED FROM IXTURE BY THE PROCESS OF FILTRATION. THE CENTRIFUGATION TECHNIQUE IS USED TO SEPARATE THE COLLOIDAL PARTICLES.
- 6. COMPONENTS OF COLLOIDAL SOLUTION a. DISPERSED PHASE b. DISPERSION MEDIUM DISPERSED PHASE THE SOLUTE LIKE COMPONENT OF THE COLLOIDAL SOLUTION FORM DISPERSED PHASE. DISPERSION MEDIUM THE MEDIUM IN WHICH DISPERSED PHASE IS SUSPENDED IS CALLED DISPERSION MEDIUM
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