The document discusses the impacts of climate change that are already occurring around the world. It notes that 9 of the last 10 years have been the warmest on record, and that conditions today are unusual compared to the last 2000 and 6000 years. Human activities like burning fossil fuels have increased the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, trapping more heat and causing the planet to warm in an unprecedented way. The effects of this warming include rising seas, more extreme weather, melting glaciers and ice sheets. If emissions continue at high levels, many severe consequences can be expected by the end of the century like hundreds of millions displaced from coastal areas due to sea level rise. However, actions to reduce emissions and prepare for impacts can help address

1. a climate for change
!
WHAT IS
HAPPENING TO
OUR WORLD …
AND WHAT CAN
WE DO ABOUT IT?
!
K AT H A R I N E H AY H O E

2. America’s first climate refugees: ALASKA

3. Frozen ground is melting & eroding
The people of Newtok, AK
have already been driven from
their homes.
Kivalina may be next.

4. What is happening to our world?
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5. The Earth is getting warmer …
9 of last 10 years warmest on record
2000s: warmest decade on record

6. … despite recent claims of “cooling”

7. It’s happening faster and faster

8. And this is just a fraction of total heating.

9. Sea level is rising, as ice sheets melt

10. Arctic sea ice is shrinking
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11. Too much water, as glaciers melt
1922 1992
Blomstrandbrennen Glacier in Norway

12. Too much water, as glaciers melt
Franz Josef Glacier, New Zealand

13. Too much water, as glaciers melt
Orubare Glacier, Uganda

14. Too much water, as glaciers melt
,-,.% )**+%
Shepard Glacier, Glacier National Park, USA
When the park was created: over 150 glaciers
In 2005: 27 glaciers remaining

15. Too much water, as glaciers melt
The Rhone glacier in the Bernese Oberland, Switzerland

16. Not enough water, as others are in drought
Central Africa

17. Ecosystems shifting, as temperatures warm
Where you live today feels like it used to
~200 miles south, just 25 years ago.

18. Our world is changing
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19. Our world is changing
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20. Our world is changing
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21. Our world is changing
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22. Our world is changing
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23. Our world is changing
Responses to warming
temperatures seen in
more than 26,000 physical
and biological systems
around the world.

24. Are these conditions unusual?
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25. “Natural” thermometer records

26. Conditions today are unusual in the
context of the last 2,000 years …
Today"

27. … and even the last 6,000 years.
Today"

28. Why is this happening?
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29. Could it be the sun?

30. What about natural cycles?
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31. What about natural cycles?

32. An extra “blanket” around the Earth
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33. We produce heat-trapping gases

34. From our factories, cars, homes, farms

35. Who is responsible?
Last year, annual emissions from China caught up with those from the US.

36. How do we know it’s us?

37. Quantifying the human influence

38. Quantifying the human influence

39. But what about …
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40. It’s snowing today! Record cold!
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41. It’s snowing today! Record cold!
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42. Maybe it’s just
the urban heat
island effect.
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43. Didn’t those stolen emails disprove it?
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44. Aren’t scientists always disagreeing?
Warming of the climate system is now evident from observations.
Most of the increase is very likely (>90%) due to the observed
increase in heat-trapping gas concentrations due to human
activities [including burning fossil fuels].
Climatic change is being brought about by human-
induced increases in the concentration of
atmospheric carbon dioxide, primarily through the
processes of combustion [burning] of fossil fuels.

45. Aren’t scientists always disagreeing?
Warming of the climate system is now evident from observations.
Most of the increase is very likely (>90%) due to the observed
increase in heat-trapping gas concentrations due to human
activities [including burning fossil fuels].
The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change, 2007
Climatic change is being brought about by human-
induced increases in the concentration of
atmospheric carbon dioxide, primarily through the
processes of combustion [burning] of fossil fuels.
“The Artificial Production of Carbon Dioxide and
Its Influence on Temperature”
Guy Callendar, 1938

46. Humans are the only explanation.

47. Why should I care?
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48. What can we expect in the future?
We’re already
concerned about this

49. What can we expect in the future?
But this is what’s
coming next.

50. Future change depends on our choices now

51. What does this mean … for Massachusetts?
Hot and sticky
summers:
MD under lower
emissions
SC under higher
emissions

52. What does this mean … for Chicago?
Summers: hot and WINTER
humid
Winters: warmer,
but just as much SUMMER
snow

53. What does this mean … for the US?
Weeks per Year > 100oF (38oC)
Historical

54. What does this mean … for the US?
Weeks per Year > 100oF (38oC)
Future: Lower Emissions

55. What does this mean … for the US?
Weeks per Year > 100oF (38oC)
Future: Higher Emissions

56. What does this mean … for the world?
In 2000: 150,000 deaths per year
In 2009: 300,000 deaths per year
300 million already at risk from climate change
This century: hundreds of millions of refugees

57. What does this mean … for Europe?
More frequent &
severe heat waves
European Heat
Wave of 2003
>70,000 deaths

58. What does this mean … for Australia?
More unpredictable
weather conditions.
More droughts & wildfires
like the devastating fires
of January 2009.

59. What does this mean … for Latin America?
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60. What does this mean … for California?
Half of
California’s
water comes
from mountain
snow.
70-90% of that
could be gone
before the end
of the century.

61. What does this mean … for our coasts?
Warmer water =
Stronger tropical
storms

62. Hurricane power and ocean temperature

63. Rising sea level

64. What does this mean … for our coasts?

65. … and even entire nations?
Tuvalu, South Pacific

66. Today, our neighbors are being harmed
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67. What can we do about it?
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68. We have 3 choices:
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69. 1. Educate ourselves
How we know it’s happening and How climate change affects us here in the US
why it matters US Global Change Program
climateforchangethebook.com www.globalchange.gov/usimpacts

70. 2. Prepare for what we can’t avoid
Conserve the
resources we have
Protect ourselves from
what we can

71. 3. Reduce our own impact
stop using this start using this
Each US household replacing 1 light bulb
= taking 1,000,000 cars off the road (+$30 savings per bulb)

72. 4. Support fundamental change
stop using this start using this
Renewable energy gives us clean air and water, and home-
grown energy sources that will never run out. So, why not?

73. Change is happening
1992 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
167 nations agree to reduce heat-trapping gas emissions, to
prevent dangerous human interference with climate system.

74. Change is
possible

75. THE END
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