1. Concept of WORK
2. Concept of ENERGY
3. Different forms of energy
Mechanical (Potential & Kinetic), Heat, Light, Chemical, Atomic, Electrical, Magnetic etc
4. Detailed idea of Mechanical Energy i.e Potential and Kinetic Energy.
5. Transformation between POTENTIAL and KINETIC energy.
6. Conservation of MECHANICAL ENERGY
7. Transformation of different ENERGIES.
8. Dissipation of ENERGY
what is energy? Includes definitions of the different types of energy. That is electromagnetic energy, Mechanical energy, Chemical energy, Thermal energy, Electrical energy. For more vist http://energy.wesrch.com/
1. Concept of REST and MOTION
2. Motion and its different forms
Translatory, Circulatory, Oscillatory, Vibratory, Periodic & Non-Periodic, Random, Uniform & Non-Uniform etc
3. Concept of MASS and WEIGHT.
4. Differentiate between MASS and WEIGHT.
Edexcell Biology;
Most year 10 & 11 syllabus points by ppt.
Used in lessons to scaffold class teaching and as a revision resource for students
These resources are from many sources
1. Concept of WORK
2. Concept of ENERGY
3. Different forms of energy
Mechanical (Potential & Kinetic), Heat, Light, Chemical, Atomic, Electrical, Magnetic etc
4. Detailed idea of Mechanical Energy i.e Potential and Kinetic Energy.
5. Transformation between POTENTIAL and KINETIC energy.
6. Conservation of MECHANICAL ENERGY
7. Transformation of different ENERGIES.
8. Dissipation of ENERGY
what is energy? Includes definitions of the different types of energy. That is electromagnetic energy, Mechanical energy, Chemical energy, Thermal energy, Electrical energy. For more vist http://energy.wesrch.com/
1. Concept of REST and MOTION
2. Motion and its different forms
Translatory, Circulatory, Oscillatory, Vibratory, Periodic & Non-Periodic, Random, Uniform & Non-Uniform etc
3. Concept of MASS and WEIGHT.
4. Differentiate between MASS and WEIGHT.
Edexcell Biology;
Most year 10 & 11 syllabus points by ppt.
Used in lessons to scaffold class teaching and as a revision resource for students
These resources are from many sources
This presentation will help anyone studying C1 in science. For further help, tips and advice please don`t hesitate to email me at cpugh5345@yahoo.co.uk
This slide was prepared by me for I was given project on the course applied electro-chemistry. Am student at Addis Ababa university institute of technology , addis ababa Ethiopia
General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements.pptxDamnScared
t is usually contaminated with earthly or undesired materials known as gangue. The extraction and isolation of metals from ores involves the following major steps: • Concentration of the ore, • Isolation of the metal from its concentrated ore, and • Purification of the metal.
Paper 1 Global Perspectives breakdown CIE igcseMariaK33
This is a presentation that breaks down the mark scheme for paper 1 in the global perspectives course of cambridge igcse. I created this to help me revise and I hope it helps too.
This is a geography presentation focusing on technology and economics with a focus on the UAE. Additionally, these are mentioned: The three main industries; primary, secondary and tertiary sectors. Government spending. Advantages of high-tech economic systems. Risk-taking vs. ventures.
A presentation about the roaring twenties. It details the key features, events, and more. I created this powerpoint as homework for history about the roaring twenties. I hope this is interesting and educational.
Here is a presentation detailing humanism and definition, origins, characteristics, commonness, and more. I created this as homework for my global perspectives class and presented it to the class. I hope this helps as inspiration or education.
Here is a powerpoint presentation detailing the importance, impact and some examples of decisions in our everyday lives. I created this as a PSHE homework project and my teacher used it to teach her other classes too.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
3. METALS ARE USEFUL BECAUSE…
• They are good conductors of
• Heat
• Electricity
• Why?
• Because they have free/delocalized
electrons
• When heated, the delocalized electrons
gain more energy and move faster,
colliding with neighboring electrons and
metal ions. Heat is thus transferred
throughout the metal.
• They can be
• Bent
• Hammered into shape
• Why?
• Because the layers of atoms are able to
slide over each other
4. ALLOYS
• An alloy is a mixture of at least two
elements, at least one of is a metal.
• Alloys often have properties that are
different from the metals they contain,
making them more useful than the pure
metals alone.
• Steels are a mixture of iron with carbon and
sometimes other metals.
5. COPPER IS USEFUL FOR…
Electrical wiring
• It is a good conductor of heat and
electricity
Plumbing
It can be bent but is hard enough to
be used to make pipes or tanks
It does not react with water
6. THE REACTIVITY
SERIES
• Metals can be arranged in
order of reactivity from
their reactions with water
or dilute acids.
Perhaps making
a mnemonic
from this could
help
7. DISPLACEMENT IN THE REACTIVITY SERIES
• Try and complete this ionic equation
2
+
0 2
+ 0
Which metal is being:
Reduced?
Oxidized?
9. EXTRACTING GOLD
Gold is unreactive
Found on Earth as metal itself
Most metals are found as
compounds that require
chemical reactions to extract
the metal
10. EXTRACTING IRON
• Metals that are less reactive than carbon can be extracted from their oxides by
reduction with carbon:
• For example, iron oxide is reduced in the blast furnace to make iron.
• Carbon is more reactive than iron, so it can displace iron from iron(III) oxide.
Here are the equations for the reaction:
• Iron(III) oxide + carbon → iron + carbon dioxide
• 2Fe2O3(s) + 3C(s) → 4Fe(l) + 3CO2(g)
• In this reaction, the iron(III) oxide is reduced to iron, and the carbon
is oxidised to carbon dioxide.
11. EXTRACTING COPPER
• New ways of extracting copper from low-grade
ores are being researched to limit the
environmental impact of traditional mining
• Some examples of these include:
• Phytomining
• phytomining uses plants to absorb
metal compounds and that the
plants are burned to produce ash
that contains the metal compounds
• Bioleaching
• bioleaching uses bacteria to
produce leachate solutions that
contain metal compounds
12. EXTRACTING COPPER (CONTINUED):
ELECTROLYSIS
• Copper can be obtained from
solutions of copper salts by
electrolysis.
• This electrolysis involves graphite
electrodes
• When electrolyzing copper sulphate
solution, copper is reduced:
• Cu2+
(aq) + 2e– ==> Cu(s)
• Oxygen is oxidized:
• 4OH- → O2 + 2H2O +4 2e
This is a
required
practical!
13. EXTRACTING COPPER (CONTINUED)
DISPLACEMENT
• Copper can be obtained from solutions of
copper salts by displacement using scrap iron.
• Iron is more reactive than copper. It
can displace copper from the leachate. For
example:
• iron + copper sulfate → iron(II) sulfate + copper
• Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) → FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
• Cu2+
(aq) + 2e– ==> Cu(s)
• Fe(s) ==> Fe2+
(aq)+ 2e–
• Since iron is cheaper than copper, the use of
scrap iron is a cost-effective way to produce
copper from the leachate.
14. RECYCLING METALS
We should recycle metals
because extracting them
uses limited resources, and
is expensive in terms of
energy and in terms of
effects on the environment
16. METAL CARBONATES
THERMAL DECOMPOSITION
• The carbonates of magnesium, copper,
zinc, calcium and lithium decompose on
heating (thermal decomposition) in a
similar way.
• Not all carbonates of metals in Group 1 of
the periodic table decompose at the
temperatures reached by a Bunsen
burner.
• Metal carbonate = metal oxide + carbon
dioxide
17. METAL CARBONATES: CONTINUED
• Metal carbonates react with acids to produce carbon dioxide, a
salt and water
• Metal carbonate + acid = carbon dioxide + salt + water
• H2SO4(aq)+CaCO3(aq)→CaSO4(s)+CO2(g)+H2O (l)
• Since there is carbon dioxide as one of the products, we can
bubble some of this CO2 (using a delivery tube and a bung) into
limewater and it should turn cloudy
19. IONIC COMPOUNDS AND ELECTROLYSIS
• When an ionic substance is melted or dissolved in water, the ions are free to
move about within the liquid or solution (and thus carry the current).
• Passing an electric current through ionic substances that are molten, e.g. lead
bromide, or in solution breaks them down into elements.
• This process is called electrolysis and the substance broken down is called the
electrolyte.
20.
21. BREAK DOWN OF ELECTROLYSIS
• At the cathode, positively charged ions gain electrons.
• Reduction
• At the anode, negatively charged ions lose electrons.
• Oxidation
• If there is a mixture of ions:
• at the cathode, the products formed depend on the reactivity of the elements
involved
• at the anode, the products formed also depend on (both reactivity and) the relative
concentrations of the ions present
22. ELECTROLYSIS AND ELECTROPLATING
• Electrolysis can be used to
electroplate objects.
• This may be for reasons such as:
• Appearance
• Durability
• Prevention of corrosion
• It includes copper plating and
silver plating.
23. EXTRACTING
ALUMINIUM
• Aluminium is manufactured by the electrolysis of a molten
mixture of aluminium oxide and cryolite
1. Aluminium ore is called bauxite. The bauxite is purified
to produce aluminium oxide
2. The ions in the aluminium oxide must be free to move
so that electricity can pass through it.
3. Aluminium oxide has a very high melting point (over
2000°C) so it would be expensive to melt it because of
the large amounts of energy needed in the extraction
process
1. so we dissolve it in molten cryolite.
4. The use of cryolite reduces some of the energy costs
involved in extracting aluminium.
5. Aluminium forms at the negative electrode and oxygen
at the positive electrode
6. The positive electrode is made of carbon, which reacts
with the oxygen to produce carbon dioxide
24. ELECTROLYSIS OF SODIUM CHLORIDE
• The electrolysis of sodium chloride (aq) results
in the following ions:
• Na+
• Cl-
• H+
• OH-
• Both the Na+ and H+ ions go to the cathode
(negatively-charged), but the hydrogen is
electrolyzed because Na+ is too reactive. This
makes hydrogen gas bubble around the
cathode.
• 2H+(aq) + 2e- → H2(g)
• Both OH- and Cl- ions go to the anode
(positively-charged), but the Cl- is
electrolyzed, making chlorine gas around
the anode.
• 2Cl-(aq) → Cl2(g) + 2e-
• Na+ and OH- ions are left behind, making
NaOH (sodium hydroxide)
• NaOH can then be used to produce bleach
and plastics
• Cl is used to sterilise water supplies, and
to make bleach and hydrochloric acid
• H is used as a fuel and for making
ammonia.
During electrolysis, positively charged ions move to the negative electrode (the cathode), and negatively charged ions move to the positive electrode (the anode).
