The objective of the present research was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physical, spectral and thermal properties of 1,2,4-triazole.
Biofield Treatment: A Potential Strategy for Modification of Physical and The...albertdivis
Indole compounds are important class of therapeutic molecules, which have excellent pharmaceutical applications. The objective of present research was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physical and thermal properties of indole.
Characterization of Physical, Thermal and Structural Properties of Chromium (...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
Chromium (VI) oxide (CrO3) has gained extensive attention due to its versatile physical and chemical properties. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical, thermal and structural properties of CrO3 powder. In this study, CrO3 powder was divided into two parts i.e. control and treatment. Control part was remained as untreated and treated part received Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment. Subsequently, control and treated CrO3 samples were characterized using Thermo gravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). DTA showed that the melting point of treated CrO3 was increased upto 212.65°C (T3) as compared to 201.43°C in control. In addition, the latent heat of fusion was reduced upto 51.70% in treated CrO3 as compared to control. TGA showed the maximum thermal decomposition temperature (Tmax) around 330°C, was increased upto 340.12°C in treated CrO3 sample. XRD data revealed that lattice parameter and unit cell volume of treated CrO3 samples were reduced by 0.25 and 0.92% respectively, whereas density was increased by 0.93% in treated CrO3 sample as compared to control. The crystallite size of treated CrO3 was increased from 46.77 nm (control) to 60.13 nm after biofield treatment. FT-IR spectra showed the absorption peaks corresponding to Cr=O at 906 and 944 cm-1 in control, which were increased to 919 and 949 cm¬1 in treated CrO3 after biofield treatment. Overall, these results suggest that biofield treatment has substantially altered the physical, thermal and structural properties of CrO3 powder.
Physicochemical and Spectroscopic Characterization of Biofield Energy Treated...rachelsalk
The p-anisidine is widely used as chemical intermediate in the production of various dyes, pigments, and pharmaceuticals. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the physicochemical and spectroscopic properties of p-anisidine. The study was performed after dividing the sample in two groups; one was remained as untreated and another was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment. Afterward, both the control and treated samples of p-anisidine were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area analyzer, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis-derivative thermogravimetry (TGA-DTG), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The XRD analysis showed the increase in unit cell volume from 683.81 → 690.18 × 10-24 cm3 and crystallite size from 83.84→84.62 nm in the treated sample with respect to the control. The surface area analysis exhibited the significant increase (25.44%) in the surface area of treated sample as compared to control. The DSC thermogram of control p-anisidine showed the latent heat of fusion and melting temperature and 146.78 J/g and 59.41°C, respectively, which were slightly increased to 148.89 J/g and 59.49°C, respectively after biofield treatment. The TGA analysis showed the onset temperature of thermal degradation at 134.68°C in the control sample that was increased to 150.02°C after biofield treatment. The result showed about 11.39% increase in onset temperature of thermal degradation of treated p-anisidine as compared to the control. Moreover, the Tmax (temperature at which maximum thermal degradation occurs) was also increased slightly from 165.99°C (control) to 168.10°C (treated). This indicated the high thermal stability of treated p-anisidine as compared to the control. However, the FT-IR and UV spectroscopic studies did not show any significant changes in the spectral properties of treated p-anisidine with respect to the control.
Antibiogram Typing and Biochemical Characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae ...albertdivis
The Aim of the present study was to determine the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment on four MDR clinical lab isolates (LS) of K. pneumoniae (LS 2, LS 6, LS 7, and LS 14).
Research by Mahendra Trivedi - Biofield Treatment: A Potential Strategy for M...Abby Keif
Research on Trivedi Effect - The objective of present research was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physical and thermal properties of indole. The study was performed in two groups (control and treated). The present study showed that biofield has substantially affected the physical and thermal nature of indole. Visit http://works.bepress.com/mahendra_trivedi/40/ for details.
Evaluation of Physical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Properties of Biofield Trea...rachelsalk
P-Hydroxyacetophenone (PHAP) is an aromatic ketone derivative that is mainly used in the manufacturing of various pharmaceuticals, flavours, fragrances, etc. In the present study, the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment was analysed on various properties of PHAP viz. crystallite size, surface area, melting temperature, thermal decomposition, and spectral properties. The PHAP sample was divided into two parts; one was kept as control sample while another part was named as treated sample. The treated sample was given the biofield energy treatment and various parameters were analysed as compared to the control sample by X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area analyser, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), ultravioletvisible (UV-VIS), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The XRD studies showed the decrease in crystallite size of the treated sample (61.25 nm) as compared to the control (84.18 nm); however the intensity of peaks in diffractogram was increased in treated sample. Besides, the surface area of treated sample was decreased by 41.17% as compared to the control. The TGA analysis revealed that onset temperature as well as Tmax (maximum thermal decomposition temperature) was increased in the treated sample. However, the latent heat of fusion (ΔH) was decreased from 124.56 J/g (control) to 103.24 J/g in the treated sample. The treated and control samples were also evaluated by UV-Vis and FT-IR spectroscopy and did not show any significant alteration in spectra of treated sample as compared to the respective control. Hence, the overall results suggest that there was an impact of biofield energy treatment on the physical and thermal properties of PHAP sample.
Biofield Treatment: A Potential Strategy for Modification of Physical and The...albertdivis
Indole compounds are important class of therapeutic molecules, which have excellent pharmaceutical applications. The objective of present research was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physical and thermal properties of indole.
Characterization of Physical, Thermal and Structural Properties of Chromium (...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
Chromium (VI) oxide (CrO3) has gained extensive attention due to its versatile physical and chemical properties. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical, thermal and structural properties of CrO3 powder. In this study, CrO3 powder was divided into two parts i.e. control and treatment. Control part was remained as untreated and treated part received Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment. Subsequently, control and treated CrO3 samples were characterized using Thermo gravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). DTA showed that the melting point of treated CrO3 was increased upto 212.65°C (T3) as compared to 201.43°C in control. In addition, the latent heat of fusion was reduced upto 51.70% in treated CrO3 as compared to control. TGA showed the maximum thermal decomposition temperature (Tmax) around 330°C, was increased upto 340.12°C in treated CrO3 sample. XRD data revealed that lattice parameter and unit cell volume of treated CrO3 samples were reduced by 0.25 and 0.92% respectively, whereas density was increased by 0.93% in treated CrO3 sample as compared to control. The crystallite size of treated CrO3 was increased from 46.77 nm (control) to 60.13 nm after biofield treatment. FT-IR spectra showed the absorption peaks corresponding to Cr=O at 906 and 944 cm-1 in control, which were increased to 919 and 949 cm¬1 in treated CrO3 after biofield treatment. Overall, these results suggest that biofield treatment has substantially altered the physical, thermal and structural properties of CrO3 powder.
Physicochemical and Spectroscopic Characterization of Biofield Energy Treated...rachelsalk
The p-anisidine is widely used as chemical intermediate in the production of various dyes, pigments, and pharmaceuticals. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the physicochemical and spectroscopic properties of p-anisidine. The study was performed after dividing the sample in two groups; one was remained as untreated and another was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment. Afterward, both the control and treated samples of p-anisidine were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area analyzer, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis-derivative thermogravimetry (TGA-DTG), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The XRD analysis showed the increase in unit cell volume from 683.81 → 690.18 × 10-24 cm3 and crystallite size from 83.84→84.62 nm in the treated sample with respect to the control. The surface area analysis exhibited the significant increase (25.44%) in the surface area of treated sample as compared to control. The DSC thermogram of control p-anisidine showed the latent heat of fusion and melting temperature and 146.78 J/g and 59.41°C, respectively, which were slightly increased to 148.89 J/g and 59.49°C, respectively after biofield treatment. The TGA analysis showed the onset temperature of thermal degradation at 134.68°C in the control sample that was increased to 150.02°C after biofield treatment. The result showed about 11.39% increase in onset temperature of thermal degradation of treated p-anisidine as compared to the control. Moreover, the Tmax (temperature at which maximum thermal degradation occurs) was also increased slightly from 165.99°C (control) to 168.10°C (treated). This indicated the high thermal stability of treated p-anisidine as compared to the control. However, the FT-IR and UV spectroscopic studies did not show any significant changes in the spectral properties of treated p-anisidine with respect to the control.
Antibiogram Typing and Biochemical Characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae ...albertdivis
The Aim of the present study was to determine the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment on four MDR clinical lab isolates (LS) of K. pneumoniae (LS 2, LS 6, LS 7, and LS 14).
Research by Mahendra Trivedi - Biofield Treatment: A Potential Strategy for M...Abby Keif
Research on Trivedi Effect - The objective of present research was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physical and thermal properties of indole. The study was performed in two groups (control and treated). The present study showed that biofield has substantially affected the physical and thermal nature of indole. Visit http://works.bepress.com/mahendra_trivedi/40/ for details.
Evaluation of Physical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Properties of Biofield Trea...rachelsalk
P-Hydroxyacetophenone (PHAP) is an aromatic ketone derivative that is mainly used in the manufacturing of various pharmaceuticals, flavours, fragrances, etc. In the present study, the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment was analysed on various properties of PHAP viz. crystallite size, surface area, melting temperature, thermal decomposition, and spectral properties. The PHAP sample was divided into two parts; one was kept as control sample while another part was named as treated sample. The treated sample was given the biofield energy treatment and various parameters were analysed as compared to the control sample by X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area analyser, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), ultravioletvisible (UV-VIS), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The XRD studies showed the decrease in crystallite size of the treated sample (61.25 nm) as compared to the control (84.18 nm); however the intensity of peaks in diffractogram was increased in treated sample. Besides, the surface area of treated sample was decreased by 41.17% as compared to the control. The TGA analysis revealed that onset temperature as well as Tmax (maximum thermal decomposition temperature) was increased in the treated sample. However, the latent heat of fusion (ΔH) was decreased from 124.56 J/g (control) to 103.24 J/g in the treated sample. The treated and control samples were also evaluated by UV-Vis and FT-IR spectroscopy and did not show any significant alteration in spectra of treated sample as compared to the respective control. Hence, the overall results suggest that there was an impact of biofield energy treatment on the physical and thermal properties of PHAP sample.
Physical and Structural Characterization of Biofield Treated Imidazole Deriva...albertdivis
The Aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on two imidazole derivatives (i.e., imidazole and 2-methylimidazole) by various analytical methods.
Thermal and Physical Properties of Biofield Treated Bile Salt and Proteose Pe...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
Bile salt (BS) and proteose peptone (PP) are important biomacromolecules being produced inside the human body. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physicochemical properties of BS and PP. The study was performed in two groups (control and treated). The control group remained as untreated, and biofield treatment was given to treated group. The control and treated BS and PP samples were characterized by particle size analyzer (PSA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). PSA results showed increase in particle size (d50 and d99) of both treated BS and PP as compared to control. Surface area analysis showed minimal decrease by 1.59%, in surface area of treated BS as compared to control. However, the treated PP showed increase (8%) in surface area as compared to control. DSC characterization showed increase in melting temperature of treated BS as compared to control. Whereas, DSC thermogram of treated PP showed decrease in melting temperature with respect to control. Moreover, the DSC of control and treated PP showed presence of exothermic peaks which were possibly due to protein aggregation. The treated PP showed higher exothermic transition temperature as compared to control. XRD analysis revealed slight reduction in crystalline nature of BS as compared to control. On the other hand, XRD data of control and treated PP showed an amorphous nature. TGA analysis of treated BS showed maximum thermaldecomposition temperature at 22°C which was higher as compared to control sample (106°C). This could be due to biofield treatment which may enhance the thermal stability of treated BS with respect to control. However, the TGA thermogram of treated PP showed decrease in maximum thermal stability as compared to control. The overall results showed that biofield treatment has significantly altered the physical and thermal properties of BS and PP.
Resorcinol is widely used in manufacturing of several drugs and pharmaceutical products that are mainly used
for topical ailments. The main objective of this study is to use an alternative strategy i.e., biofield treatment to alter
the physical, spectral and thermal properties of resorcinol.
Speciation And Physicochemical Studies of Some Biospecific CompoundsIOSR Journals
Abstract: A green, safer , efficient , eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of novel compounds which reveal biological and spermicidal activity. The nature of the pharmacophore decides the physiological reactivity of the compound.
Potential Impact of BioField Treatment on Atomic and Physical Characteristics...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
The aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on atomic and physical properties of magnesium powder. Magnesium powder was divided into two parts denoted as control and treatment. Control part was remained as untreated and treatment part received biofield treatment.
An Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Thermal, Physical and Structural Prope...albertdivis
Cadmium is widely utilized in nickel-cadmium batteries, stabilizers, and coating applications due to its versatile physico-chemical properties. The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on atomic, thermal, and physical properties of cadmium powder.
Isolation and characterization of steroids from petroleum ether extract of st...Alexander Decker
1. Three steroids were isolated from the stem bark of Parinari curatellifolia through a series of column chromatographies.
2. The steroids were characterized as β-sitosterol, stigmast-4-en-3-one, and stigmasterol based on NMR, MS, and IR spectroscopy.
3. This is the first report of these steroids being isolated from P. curatellifolia.
Synthesis and Anti-inflammatory activity of 2-amino-6-methoxy benzothiazole d...IOSR Journals
This document describes the synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-amino-6-methoxy benzothiazole derivatives. Two compounds were synthesized through simple condensation reactions and characterized using analytical techniques. These compounds were then screened for their anti-inflammatory activity and showed satisfactory inhibition of haemolysis compared to the standard drug. The hydrazino derivative showed better anti-inflammatory results than the intermediate compound.
Mohsen Irandoust is an associate professor in the Department of Chemistry at Razi University in Kermanshah, Iran. He received his Ph.D. in analytical chemistry from Razi University in 2007. His research focuses on NMR spectroscopy studies of molecular complex formation and he has over 40 publications in analytical chemistry journals. Irandoust has received several awards for distinguished research and education from the Department of Chemistry at Razi University.
Predictive comparative qsar analysis of as 5 nitrofuran-2-yl derivatives myco...hiij
Antitubercular activity of 5-nitrofuran-2-yl Deriva
tives series were subjected to Quantitative Struc
ture
Activity Relationship (QSAR) Analysis with an effo
rt to derive and understand a correlation between t
he
biological activity as response variable and differ
ent molecular descriptors as independent variables.
QSAR models are built using 40 molecular descriptor
dataset. Different statistical regression express
ions
were got using Partial Least Squares (PLS) ,Multip
le Linear Regression (MLR) and Principal Component
Regression (PCR) techniques. The among these techni
que, Partial Least Square Regression (PLS)
technique has shown very promising result as compar
ed to MLR technique A QSAR model was build by a
training set of 30 molecules with correlation coe
fficient (
) of 0.8484 , significant cross validated
correlation coefficient (
) is 0.0939,
is 48.5187,
for external test set (
_
)
is -0.5604,
coefficient of correlation of predicted data set
( _
) is 0.7252 and degree of freedom is 26 by
Partial Least Squares Regression technique.
Analysis of Ketoconazole and Piribedil Using Ion Selective ElectrodesIOSR Journals
This document describes an analysis of two compounds, Ketoconazole and Piribedil, using ion selective electrodes. Four electrodes were prepared based on incorporating the ion-exchangers Ketoconazole and Piribedil into a PVC matrix using either DOP or DBP as a plasticizer. The electrodes showed wide usable concentration ranges, good selectivity, and were not significantly affected by pH or temperature changes within certain ranges. The compounds were successfully determined in solutions using potentiometric and conductiometric titrations as well as standard additions. The electrodes could potentially be used to analyze these compounds in pharmaceutical formulations.
Chitosan nanoparticles were developed as a carrier for the anti-HIV drug zidovudine (AZT) to address its short plasma half-life and dose-dependent toxicities. Chitosan-tripolyphosphate nanoparticles loaded with AZT were prepared using ionic cross-linking. Characterization showed the nanoparticles were spherical and around 250nm in diameter. The release rate of AZT from the nanoparticles depended on factors like the chitosan molecular weight, initial AZT concentration, and amount of tripolyphosphate used.
An Impact of Biofield Treatment on Spectroscopic Characterization of Pharmace...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on these properties of four pharmaceutical compounds such as urea, thiourea, sodium carbonate, and magnesium sulphate, using spectroscopic analysis.
The Inherent Reactor Kinetics for Transformation of Geniposidic Acid from Gen...IJERA Editor
The ripe fruits of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Rubiaceae) (GJ) are widely used in chemical, food and medicinal
industries. Crocin and geniposide, the main constituents of GJ, have shown a diversity of biological activities
including sedative, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic. We propose some new bioactive chemicals could be
derived from geniposide. The optimum transformation condition of geniposide into geniposidic acid still
remains unclear. In order to develop a reactor, the information about the inherent reaction kinetics is required. In
a microreactor (V =62.8 mL), geniposide (0.01 mole/L, 20 mL) and NaOH (0.1 equivalent/L, pH=13, 10mL)
were left to react at 80, 70, 60, 50, and 40 oC and tracked with HPLC. Results indicated that the reaction obeyed
the pseudo-first order kinetics, the corresponding pseudo-first order rate constants ( 1 k ' ) were 11.064 h-1, 8.682
h-1, 2.400 h-1, 1.021 h-1, and 0.750 h-1, and the fractional conversions were 73.4%, 60.5%, 38.6%, 43.6%, and
51.8% at 0.50, 0.50, 0.833, 1.00, and 2.00 h. The energy of activation was 8.751 kJ mol-1. Conclusively, this
transformation obeys the pseudo-first order kinetics with a low energy of activation, 8.751 kJ mol-1. The
optimum transformations at 80oC and 70oC for 0.5 h were 73.4% and 60.5%, respectively.
Characterization of Physical, Thermal and Structural Properties of Chromium (...albertdivis
Chromium (VI) oxide (CrO3) has gained extensive attention due to its versatile physical and chemical properties. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical, thermal and structural properties of CrO3 powder.
Physicochemical and Spectroscopic Characterization of Biofield Energy Treated...wilhelm mendel
The p-anisidine is widely used as chemical intermediate in the production of various dyes, pigments, and pharmaceuticals. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the physicochemical and spectroscopic properties of p-anisidine. The study was performed after dividing the sample in two groups; one was remained as untreated and another was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment. Afterward, both the control and treated samples of p-anisidine were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area analyzer, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis-derivative thermogravimetry (TGA-DTG), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The XRD analysis showed the increase in unit cell volume from 683.81 → 690.18 × 10-24 cm3 and crystallite size from 83.84→84.62 nm in the treated sample with respect to the control. The surface area analysis exhibited the significant increase (25.44%) in the surface area of treated sample as compared to control. The DSC thermogram of control p-anisidine showed the latent heat of fusion and melting temperature and 146.78 J/g and 59.41°C, respectively, which were slightly increased to 148.89 J/g and 59.49°C, respectively after biofield treatment. The TGA analysis showed the onset temperature of thermal degradation at 134.68°C in the control sample that was increased to 150.02°C after biofield treatment. The result showed about 11.39% increase in onset temperature of thermal degradation of treated p-anisidine as compared to the control. Moreover, the Tmax (temperature at which maximum thermal degradation occurs) was also increased slightly from 165.99°C (control) to 168.10°C (treated). This indicated the high thermal stability of treated p-anisidine as compared to the control. However, the FT-IR and UV spectroscopic studies did not show any significant changes in the spectral properties of treated p-anisidine with respect to the control.
Evaluation of Physical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Properties of Biofield Trea...wilhelm mendel
P-Hydroxyacetophenone (PHAP) is an aromatic ketone derivative that is mainly used in the manufacturing of various pharmaceuticals, flavours, fragrances, etc. In the present study, the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment was analysed on various properties of PHAP viz. crystallite size, surface area, melting temperature, thermal decomposition, and spectral properties. The PHAP sample was divided into two parts; one was kept as control sample while another part was named as treated sample. The treated sample was given the biofield energy treatment and various parameters were analysed as compared to the control sample by X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area analyser, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), ultravioletvisible (UV-VIS), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The XRD studies showed the decrease in crystallite size of the treated sample (61.25 nm) as compared to the control (84.18 nm); however the intensity of peaks in diffractogram was increased in treated sample. Besides, the surface area of treated sample was decreased by 41.17% as compared to the control. The TGA analysis revealed that onset temperature as well as Tmax (maximum thermal decomposition temperature) was increased in the treated sample. However, the latent heat of fusion (ΔH) was decreased from 124.56 J/g (control) to 103.24 J/g in the treated sample. The treated and control samples were also evaluated by UV-Vis and FT-IR spectroscopy and did not show any significant alteration in spectra of treated sample as compared to the respective control. Hence, the overall results suggest that there was an impact of biofield energy treatment on the physical and thermal properties of PHAP sample.
Structural and Physical Properties of Biofield Treated Thymol and MentholMahendra Kumar Trivedi
This document reports on a study that investigated the impact of biofield energy treatment on the structural and physical properties of thymol and menthol. Thymol and menthol samples were divided into control and treated groups, with the treated group receiving biofield energy treatment. The control and treated samples were then characterized using XRD, DSC, TGA, and FT-IR analysis. For thymol, XRD analysis of the treated sample showed increased crystallinity and a 50% increase in crystallite size compared to the control. DSC analysis showed decreased enthalpy for both treated compounds compared to controls. FT-IR analysis showed a shift in the -OH stretching vibration peak for treated thymol. For ment
Structural and Physical Properties of Biofield Treated Thymol and Mentholalbertdivis
Thymol and menthol are naturally occurring plant derived compounds, which have excellent pharmaceutical and antimicrobial applications. The aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy on physical and structural characteristics of thymol and menthol.
Studies on Biofield Treated p-Dichlorobenzene | Omicsonlinedeeptimishra10
The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on physical, thermal, and spectroscopic properties of p-dichlorobenzene.
Physical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Studies on Biofield Treated p-Dichloroben...albertdivis
This research article studied the effects of biofield treatment on para-dichlorobenzene (p-DCB). p-DCB is widely used as a chemical intermediate but has some limitations. X-ray diffraction analysis found an increase in crystallite size of the treated sample compared to the control. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed a reduction in the latent heat of fusion and melting point of the treated p-DCB. Thermogravimetric analysis found an increase in the maximum weight loss temperature of the treated sample, indicating increased thermal stability. However, UV-visible spectroscopy found no changes in the structural properties of the treated p-DCB. Overall, the study found that biofield treatment
Physical and Structural Characterization of Biofield Treated Imidazole Deriva...albertdivis
The Aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on two imidazole derivatives (i.e., imidazole and 2-methylimidazole) by various analytical methods.
Thermal and Physical Properties of Biofield Treated Bile Salt and Proteose Pe...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
Bile salt (BS) and proteose peptone (PP) are important biomacromolecules being produced inside the human body. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physicochemical properties of BS and PP. The study was performed in two groups (control and treated). The control group remained as untreated, and biofield treatment was given to treated group. The control and treated BS and PP samples were characterized by particle size analyzer (PSA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). PSA results showed increase in particle size (d50 and d99) of both treated BS and PP as compared to control. Surface area analysis showed minimal decrease by 1.59%, in surface area of treated BS as compared to control. However, the treated PP showed increase (8%) in surface area as compared to control. DSC characterization showed increase in melting temperature of treated BS as compared to control. Whereas, DSC thermogram of treated PP showed decrease in melting temperature with respect to control. Moreover, the DSC of control and treated PP showed presence of exothermic peaks which were possibly due to protein aggregation. The treated PP showed higher exothermic transition temperature as compared to control. XRD analysis revealed slight reduction in crystalline nature of BS as compared to control. On the other hand, XRD data of control and treated PP showed an amorphous nature. TGA analysis of treated BS showed maximum thermaldecomposition temperature at 22°C which was higher as compared to control sample (106°C). This could be due to biofield treatment which may enhance the thermal stability of treated BS with respect to control. However, the TGA thermogram of treated PP showed decrease in maximum thermal stability as compared to control. The overall results showed that biofield treatment has significantly altered the physical and thermal properties of BS and PP.
Resorcinol is widely used in manufacturing of several drugs and pharmaceutical products that are mainly used
for topical ailments. The main objective of this study is to use an alternative strategy i.e., biofield treatment to alter
the physical, spectral and thermal properties of resorcinol.
Speciation And Physicochemical Studies of Some Biospecific CompoundsIOSR Journals
Abstract: A green, safer , efficient , eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of novel compounds which reveal biological and spermicidal activity. The nature of the pharmacophore decides the physiological reactivity of the compound.
Potential Impact of BioField Treatment on Atomic and Physical Characteristics...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
The aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on atomic and physical properties of magnesium powder. Magnesium powder was divided into two parts denoted as control and treatment. Control part was remained as untreated and treatment part received biofield treatment.
An Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Thermal, Physical and Structural Prope...albertdivis
Cadmium is widely utilized in nickel-cadmium batteries, stabilizers, and coating applications due to its versatile physico-chemical properties. The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on atomic, thermal, and physical properties of cadmium powder.
Isolation and characterization of steroids from petroleum ether extract of st...Alexander Decker
1. Three steroids were isolated from the stem bark of Parinari curatellifolia through a series of column chromatographies.
2. The steroids were characterized as β-sitosterol, stigmast-4-en-3-one, and stigmasterol based on NMR, MS, and IR spectroscopy.
3. This is the first report of these steroids being isolated from P. curatellifolia.
Synthesis and Anti-inflammatory activity of 2-amino-6-methoxy benzothiazole d...IOSR Journals
This document describes the synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of 2-amino-6-methoxy benzothiazole derivatives. Two compounds were synthesized through simple condensation reactions and characterized using analytical techniques. These compounds were then screened for their anti-inflammatory activity and showed satisfactory inhibition of haemolysis compared to the standard drug. The hydrazino derivative showed better anti-inflammatory results than the intermediate compound.
Mohsen Irandoust is an associate professor in the Department of Chemistry at Razi University in Kermanshah, Iran. He received his Ph.D. in analytical chemistry from Razi University in 2007. His research focuses on NMR spectroscopy studies of molecular complex formation and he has over 40 publications in analytical chemistry journals. Irandoust has received several awards for distinguished research and education from the Department of Chemistry at Razi University.
Predictive comparative qsar analysis of as 5 nitrofuran-2-yl derivatives myco...hiij
Antitubercular activity of 5-nitrofuran-2-yl Deriva
tives series were subjected to Quantitative Struc
ture
Activity Relationship (QSAR) Analysis with an effo
rt to derive and understand a correlation between t
he
biological activity as response variable and differ
ent molecular descriptors as independent variables.
QSAR models are built using 40 molecular descriptor
dataset. Different statistical regression express
ions
were got using Partial Least Squares (PLS) ,Multip
le Linear Regression (MLR) and Principal Component
Regression (PCR) techniques. The among these techni
que, Partial Least Square Regression (PLS)
technique has shown very promising result as compar
ed to MLR technique A QSAR model was build by a
training set of 30 molecules with correlation coe
fficient (
) of 0.8484 , significant cross validated
correlation coefficient (
) is 0.0939,
is 48.5187,
for external test set (
_
)
is -0.5604,
coefficient of correlation of predicted data set
( _
) is 0.7252 and degree of freedom is 26 by
Partial Least Squares Regression technique.
Analysis of Ketoconazole and Piribedil Using Ion Selective ElectrodesIOSR Journals
This document describes an analysis of two compounds, Ketoconazole and Piribedil, using ion selective electrodes. Four electrodes were prepared based on incorporating the ion-exchangers Ketoconazole and Piribedil into a PVC matrix using either DOP or DBP as a plasticizer. The electrodes showed wide usable concentration ranges, good selectivity, and were not significantly affected by pH or temperature changes within certain ranges. The compounds were successfully determined in solutions using potentiometric and conductiometric titrations as well as standard additions. The electrodes could potentially be used to analyze these compounds in pharmaceutical formulations.
Chitosan nanoparticles were developed as a carrier for the anti-HIV drug zidovudine (AZT) to address its short plasma half-life and dose-dependent toxicities. Chitosan-tripolyphosphate nanoparticles loaded with AZT were prepared using ionic cross-linking. Characterization showed the nanoparticles were spherical and around 250nm in diameter. The release rate of AZT from the nanoparticles depended on factors like the chitosan molecular weight, initial AZT concentration, and amount of tripolyphosphate used.
An Impact of Biofield Treatment on Spectroscopic Characterization of Pharmace...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on these properties of four pharmaceutical compounds such as urea, thiourea, sodium carbonate, and magnesium sulphate, using spectroscopic analysis.
The Inherent Reactor Kinetics for Transformation of Geniposidic Acid from Gen...IJERA Editor
The ripe fruits of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Rubiaceae) (GJ) are widely used in chemical, food and medicinal
industries. Crocin and geniposide, the main constituents of GJ, have shown a diversity of biological activities
including sedative, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic. We propose some new bioactive chemicals could be
derived from geniposide. The optimum transformation condition of geniposide into geniposidic acid still
remains unclear. In order to develop a reactor, the information about the inherent reaction kinetics is required. In
a microreactor (V =62.8 mL), geniposide (0.01 mole/L, 20 mL) and NaOH (0.1 equivalent/L, pH=13, 10mL)
were left to react at 80, 70, 60, 50, and 40 oC and tracked with HPLC. Results indicated that the reaction obeyed
the pseudo-first order kinetics, the corresponding pseudo-first order rate constants ( 1 k ' ) were 11.064 h-1, 8.682
h-1, 2.400 h-1, 1.021 h-1, and 0.750 h-1, and the fractional conversions were 73.4%, 60.5%, 38.6%, 43.6%, and
51.8% at 0.50, 0.50, 0.833, 1.00, and 2.00 h. The energy of activation was 8.751 kJ mol-1. Conclusively, this
transformation obeys the pseudo-first order kinetics with a low energy of activation, 8.751 kJ mol-1. The
optimum transformations at 80oC and 70oC for 0.5 h were 73.4% and 60.5%, respectively.
Characterization of Physical, Thermal and Structural Properties of Chromium (...albertdivis
Chromium (VI) oxide (CrO3) has gained extensive attention due to its versatile physical and chemical properties. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical, thermal and structural properties of CrO3 powder.
Physicochemical and Spectroscopic Characterization of Biofield Energy Treated...wilhelm mendel
The p-anisidine is widely used as chemical intermediate in the production of various dyes, pigments, and pharmaceuticals. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of biofield energy treatment on the physicochemical and spectroscopic properties of p-anisidine. The study was performed after dividing the sample in two groups; one was remained as untreated and another was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment. Afterward, both the control and treated samples of p-anisidine were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area analyzer, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis-derivative thermogravimetry (TGA-DTG), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The XRD analysis showed the increase in unit cell volume from 683.81 → 690.18 × 10-24 cm3 and crystallite size from 83.84→84.62 nm in the treated sample with respect to the control. The surface area analysis exhibited the significant increase (25.44%) in the surface area of treated sample as compared to control. The DSC thermogram of control p-anisidine showed the latent heat of fusion and melting temperature and 146.78 J/g and 59.41°C, respectively, which were slightly increased to 148.89 J/g and 59.49°C, respectively after biofield treatment. The TGA analysis showed the onset temperature of thermal degradation at 134.68°C in the control sample that was increased to 150.02°C after biofield treatment. The result showed about 11.39% increase in onset temperature of thermal degradation of treated p-anisidine as compared to the control. Moreover, the Tmax (temperature at which maximum thermal degradation occurs) was also increased slightly from 165.99°C (control) to 168.10°C (treated). This indicated the high thermal stability of treated p-anisidine as compared to the control. However, the FT-IR and UV spectroscopic studies did not show any significant changes in the spectral properties of treated p-anisidine with respect to the control.
Evaluation of Physical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Properties of Biofield Trea...wilhelm mendel
P-Hydroxyacetophenone (PHAP) is an aromatic ketone derivative that is mainly used in the manufacturing of various pharmaceuticals, flavours, fragrances, etc. In the present study, the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment was analysed on various properties of PHAP viz. crystallite size, surface area, melting temperature, thermal decomposition, and spectral properties. The PHAP sample was divided into two parts; one was kept as control sample while another part was named as treated sample. The treated sample was given the biofield energy treatment and various parameters were analysed as compared to the control sample by X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area analyser, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), ultravioletvisible (UV-VIS), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The XRD studies showed the decrease in crystallite size of the treated sample (61.25 nm) as compared to the control (84.18 nm); however the intensity of peaks in diffractogram was increased in treated sample. Besides, the surface area of treated sample was decreased by 41.17% as compared to the control. The TGA analysis revealed that onset temperature as well as Tmax (maximum thermal decomposition temperature) was increased in the treated sample. However, the latent heat of fusion (ΔH) was decreased from 124.56 J/g (control) to 103.24 J/g in the treated sample. The treated and control samples were also evaluated by UV-Vis and FT-IR spectroscopy and did not show any significant alteration in spectra of treated sample as compared to the respective control. Hence, the overall results suggest that there was an impact of biofield energy treatment on the physical and thermal properties of PHAP sample.
Structural and Physical Properties of Biofield Treated Thymol and MentholMahendra Kumar Trivedi
This document reports on a study that investigated the impact of biofield energy treatment on the structural and physical properties of thymol and menthol. Thymol and menthol samples were divided into control and treated groups, with the treated group receiving biofield energy treatment. The control and treated samples were then characterized using XRD, DSC, TGA, and FT-IR analysis. For thymol, XRD analysis of the treated sample showed increased crystallinity and a 50% increase in crystallite size compared to the control. DSC analysis showed decreased enthalpy for both treated compounds compared to controls. FT-IR analysis showed a shift in the -OH stretching vibration peak for treated thymol. For ment
Structural and Physical Properties of Biofield Treated Thymol and Mentholalbertdivis
Thymol and menthol are naturally occurring plant derived compounds, which have excellent pharmaceutical and antimicrobial applications. The aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy on physical and structural characteristics of thymol and menthol.
Studies on Biofield Treated p-Dichlorobenzene | Omicsonlinedeeptimishra10
The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on physical, thermal, and spectroscopic properties of p-dichlorobenzene.
Physical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Studies on Biofield Treated p-Dichloroben...albertdivis
This research article studied the effects of biofield treatment on para-dichlorobenzene (p-DCB). p-DCB is widely used as a chemical intermediate but has some limitations. X-ray diffraction analysis found an increase in crystallite size of the treated sample compared to the control. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed a reduction in the latent heat of fusion and melting point of the treated p-DCB. Thermogravimetric analysis found an increase in the maximum weight loss temperature of the treated sample, indicating increased thermal stability. However, UV-visible spectroscopy found no changes in the structural properties of the treated p-DCB. Overall, the study found that biofield treatment
Potential Impact of BioField Treatment on Atomic and Physical Characteristics...albertdivis
Magnesium (Mg), present in every cell of all living organisms, is an essential nutrient and primarily responsible for catalytic reaction of over 300 enzymes. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on atomic and physical properties of magnesium powder.
Research by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi - Physical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Char...john henrry
Research on Trivedi Effect - The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of Biofield treatment on physical, thermal and spectroscopic properties of MTA. MTA sample was divided into two groups that served as treated and control. The treated group received Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi’s Biofield treatment.to read nmore visit http://www.academicroom.com/article/physical-thermal-and-spectroscopic-characterization-m-toluic-acid-impact-biofield-treatment-0
Impact of Biofield Treatment on Atomic and Structural Characteristics of Bari...albertdivis
The perovskite crystal structure and lattice vibrations play a crucial role in its piezoelectric and ferroelectric behavior. In the present study, the barium titanate powder was subjected to biofield treatment.
Impact of Biofield Treatment on Atomic and Structural Characteristics of Bari...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
In the present study, the barium titanate powder was subjected to biofield treatment. Further, the control and treated samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and Electron spin resonance (ESR).
Evaluation of the Impact of Biofield Treatment on Physical and Thermal Proper...wilhelm mendel
In the present study, the influence of biofield treatment on physical and thermal properties of Casein Enzyme Hydrolysate (CEH) and Casein Yeast Peptone (CYP) were investigated. The control and treated samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), particle size and surface area analysis. The FTIR results revealed that biofield treatment has caused reduction of amide group (amide-I and amide-II) stretching vibration peak that is associated with strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding in treated CEH as compared to control. However, no significant changes were observed in FTIR spectrum of treated CYP. The TGA analysis of treated CEH showed a substantial improvement in thermal stability which was confirmed by increase in maximum thermal decomposition temperature (217°C) as compared to control (209°C). Similarly, the treated CYP also showed enhanced thermal stability as compared to control. DSC showed increase in melting temperature of treated CYP as compared to control. However the melting peak was absent in DSC of treated CEH which was probably due to rigid chain of the protein. The surface area of treated CEH was increased by 83% as compared to control. However, a decrease (7.3%) in surface area was observed in treated CYP. The particle size analysis of treated CEH showed a significant increase in average particle size (d50) and d99 value (maximum particle size below which 99% of particles are present) as compared to control sample. Similarly, the treated CYP also showed a substantial increase in d50 and d99 values which was probably due to the agglomeration of the particles which led to formation of bigger microparticles. The result showed that the biofield treated CEH and CYP could be used as a matrix for pharmaceutical applications.
Evaluation of the Impact of Biofield Treatment on Physical and Thermal Proper...rachelsalk
In the present study, the influence of biofield treatment on physical and thermal properties of Casein Enzyme Hydrolysate (CEH) and Casein Yeast Peptone (CYP) were investigated. The control and treated samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), particle size and surface area analysis. The FTIR results revealed that biofield treatment has caused reduction of amide group (amide-I and amide-II) stretching vibration peak that is associated with strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding in treated CEH as compared to control. However, no significant changes were observed in FTIR spectrum of treated CYP. The TGA analysis of treated CEH showed a substantial improvement in thermal stability which was confirmed by increase in maximum thermal decomposition temperature (217°C) as compared to control (209°C). Similarly, the treated CYP also showed enhanced thermal stability as compared to control. DSC showed increase in melting temperature of treated CYP as compared to control. However the melting peak was absent in DSC of treated CEH which was probably due to rigid chain of the protein. The surface area of treated CEH was increased by 83% as compared to control. However, a decrease (7.3%) in surface area was observed in treated CYP. The particle size analysis of treated CEH showed a significant increase in average particle size (d50) and d99 value (maximum particle size below which 99% of particles are present) as compared to control sample. Similarly, the treated CYP also showed a substantial increase in d50 and d99 values which was probably due to the agglomeration of the particles which led to formation of bigger microparticles. The result showed that the biofield treated CEH and CYP could be used as a matrix for pharmaceutical applications.
Characterization of Physical and Structural Properties of Brass Powder After ...albertdivis
Brass, a copper-zinc (Cu-Zn) alloy has gained extensive attention in industries due to its high corrosion resistance, machinability and strength to weight ratio. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on structural and physical properties of brass powder.
Characterization of Physical and Structural Properties of Brass Powder After ...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
The biofield treatment significantly altered the physical and structural properties of brass powder. The average particle size (d50) and particle size below which 99% are present (d99) were reduced up to 44.3% and 56.4% respectively in the treated samples compared to the control. The XRD analysis showed that the unit cell volume was increased up to 0.19% and the crystallite size was significantly increased up to 100.5% in the treated sample compared to the control. The SEM images showed fractured surfaces in the treated sample while welded particles were observed in the control.
Bio-field Treatment: An Effective Strategy to Improve the Quality of Beef Ext...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
The present research work investigated the influence of bio-field treatment on two common flavoring agents used in food industries namely beef extract powder (BEP) and meat infusion powder (MIP)
Biofield Treatment Impact on Atomic, Physical and Thermal Properties Indium P...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
In a recent research, Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi's biofield energy treatment that is also known as The Trivedi Effect is applied to the Indium Powder sample and what it has resulted is really remarkable. Go through the presentation to know more about this research and the outcomes.
The Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Consciousness Energy Healing Tr...CrimsonPublishersAMMS
Silver oxide possesses antimicrobial properties and also has numerous applications in space research, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries.
It is not readily soluble in most of the solvents and highly sensitive to light. Thus, this study was executed to evaluate the impact of the Trivedi
Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on the physicochemical and thermal properties of silver oxide using PSA, PXRD, and DSC analytical
techniques. The test sample was divided into two parts: one part was control sample and the other part was treated sample. The control sample did not
receive Biofield Energy Treatment; whereas the treated sample received the Biofield Energy Treatment remotely by a renowned Biofield Energy Healer,
Gopal Nayak. The particle size values of the treated silver oxide powder were significantly decreased at d10, d50, d90, and D(4,3) by 9.507%, 4.957%,
3.463%, and 4.787% respectively, thus the specific surface area was significantly increased by 7.647% compared with the control sample. The peak
intensities and crystallite sizes were significantly altered from -91.53% to 26.92% and -69.76% to 8.83%, respectively; however, the average crystallite
size was significantly decreased by 35.62% in the treated sample compared with the control sample.
Influence of Biofield Treatment on Physical and Structural Characteristics of...albertdivis
Barium oxide (BaO) and zinc sulfide (ZnS) are well known for their applications in electrical, optical and chemical industries. The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on the structural and physical properties of BaO and ZnS powder.
An Effective Strategy to Improve the Quality of Beef Extract and Meat Infusio...rachelsalk
The present research work investigated the influence of bio-field treatment on two common flavoring agents used in food industries namely beef extract powder (BEP) and meat infusion powder (MIP). The treated powders were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size analysis, surface area analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The FT-IR results showed disappearance of triglycerides peaks in both the treated powders as compared to control. XRD results corroborated the amorphous nature of both control and treated samples. The BEP showed enhanced average particle size (d50) and d99 (size exhibited by 99% of powder particles) by 5.7% and 16.1%, respectively as compared to control. Contrarily, the MIP showed a decreased particle size (d50;0.4% and d99; 18.1%) as compared to control.It was assumed that enormous energy was stored in MIP after bio-field treatment that led to fracture into smaller particles. The surface area was increased in both the treated powders. DSC result showed significant increase in melting temperature, in BEP and MIP, which indicated the higher thermal stability of the samples. However, the specific heat capacity (∆H) was decreased in both samples, which was probably due to high energy state of the powders.
Similar to Characterization of Physical, Spectral and Thermal Properties of Biofield Treated 1,2,4-Triazole (20)
Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Physical and Structural Properties of Bro...albertdivis
Bronze, a copper-tin alloy, widely utilizing in manufacturing of gears, bearing, and packing technologies due to its versatile physical, mechanical, and chemical properties. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on physical and structural properties of bronze powder.
Antibiogram and Genotypic Analysis using 16S rDNA after Biofield Treatment on...albertdivis
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment on M. morganii in the lyophilized as well as revived state for antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, biochemical characteristics, biotype number and genotype.
Evaluation of Phenotyping and Genotyping Characterization of Serratia marcesc...albertdivis
The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on phenotyping and genotyping characteristics such as antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reactions, biotype, DNA polymorphism, and phylogenetic relationship of S. marcescens (ATCC 13880).
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristic of Pr...albertdivis
The Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on P. rettgeri against antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reaction pattern, biotype number, and 16S rDNA sequence.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern, Biochemical Characteristics and Biotypi...albertdivis
The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on Salmonella paratyphi A (S. paratyphi A) in terms of antimicrobial susceptibility assay, biochemical characteristics and biotyping.
Phenotypic and Biotypic Characterization of Klebsiella oxytoca: An Impact of ...albertdivis
Klebsiella oxytoca (K. oxytoca) is a Gram-negative microbe generally associated with community and hospitalacquired infections. Due to its clinical significance, we evaluated the effect of biofield treatment on phenotype and biotype characteristics of K. oxytoca (ATCC 43165).
Spectroscopic Characterization of Disodium Hydrogen Orthophosphate and Sodium...albertdivis
Disodium hydrogen orthophosphate is a water soluble white powder widely used as pH regulator and saline laxative. The sodium nitrate is a highly water soluble white solid, used in high blood pressure, dentinal hypersensitivity, and production of fertilizers. The present study was aimed to investigate the impact of biofield treatment on spectral properties of disodium hydrogen orthophosphate and sodium nitrate.
An Impact of Biofield Treatment: Antimycobacterial Susceptibility Potential U...albertdivis
The aim was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment modality on mycobacterial strains in relation to antimycobacterials susceptibility. Mycobacterial sensitivity was analysed using 12 B BACTEC vials on the BACTEC 460 TB machine in 39 lab isolates (sputum samples) from stored stock cultures.
Fourier Transform Infrared and Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopic Characteriza...albertdivis
Ammonium acetate and ammonium chloride are the white crystalline solid inorganic compounds having wide application in synthesis and analytical chemistry. The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on spectral properties of inorganic salt like ammonium acetate and ammonium chloride.
Characterization of Physical and Structural Properties of Aluminium Carbide P...albertdivis
Aluminium carbide (Al4C3) has gained extensive attention due to its abrasive and creep resistance properties. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical and structural properties of Al4C3 powder.
Spectroscopic Characterization of Biofield Treated Metronidazole and Tinidazolealbertdivis
Metronidazole and tinidazole are widely used antimicrobial drugs against Gram-negative and Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria. The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on metronidazole and tinidazole using FT-IR and UV spectroscopy.
Thermal and Physical Properties of Biofield Treated Bile Salt and Proteose Pe...albertdivis
Bile salt (BS) and proteose peptone (PP) are important biomacromolecules being produced inside the human body. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physicochemical properties of BS and PP.
Influence of Biofield Treatment on Physical, Structural and Spectral Properti...albertdivis
Boron nitride (BN) is known for high hardness, thermal stability, thermal conductivity, and catalytic action. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on physical, structural and spectral properties of BN powder.
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Structural and Morphological Properties of Si...albertdivis
Silicon carbide (SiC) is a well-known ceramic due to its excellent spectral absorbance and thermo-mechanical properties. The wide band gap, high melting point and thermal conductivity of SiC is used in high temperature applications. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on physical, atomic, and structural characteristics of SiC powder.
An Impact of Biofield Treatment on Spectroscopic Characterization of Pharmace...albertdivis
The stability of any pharmaceutical compound is most desired quality that determines its shelf life and effectiveness.The stability can be correlated to structural and bonding properties of compound and any variation arise in these properties can be easily determined by spectroscopic analysis. The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on these properties of four pharmaceutical compounds such as urea, thiourea, sodium carbonate,and magnesium sulphate, using spectroscopic analysis.
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Spectral Properties of Paracetamol and Piroxicamalbertdivis
The document describes a study that investigated the effects of biofield treatment on the spectral properties of paracetamol and piroxicam using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. FT-IR analysis showed changes in vibrational peaks and intensities of paracetamol and piroxicam after biofield treatment compared to untreated controls. UV-Vis analysis showed shifts in absorbance wavelengths of both drugs after biofield treatment. The results indicate that biofield treatment impacted the structural properties and bonding arrangements of paracetamol and piroxicam at the atomic level.
An Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Susceptibility Pattern of Multidrug Re...albertdivis
The document discusses an evaluation of the effects of biofield treatment on the susceptibility pattern of multidrug resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The key findings of the study are:
1) Biofield treatment led to changes in the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and minimum inhibitory concentration values of several antimicrobials against S. maltophilia.
2) 37.5% of the tested antimicrobials showed changes in susceptibility patterns and 33.3% showed changes in MIC values after biofield treatment.
3) Biofield treatment also resulted in 39.4% changes in biochemical reactions of S. maltophilia and changed its biotype number leading to identification as Enterobacter aerogenes rather
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths ForwardLeonel Morgado
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defectsSérgio Sacani
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
PPT on Direct Seeded Rice presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...Scintica Instrumentation
Targeting Hsp90 and its pathogen Orthologs with Tethered Inhibitors as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy for cancer and infectious diseases with Dr. Timothy Haystead.
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...Leonel Morgado
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptxPRIYANKA PATEL
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdfSelcen Ozturkcan
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
2. Citation: Trivedi MK, Tallapragada RM, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, et al. (2015) Characterization of Physical, Spectral and Thermal Properties of
Biofield Treated 1,2,4-Triazole. J Mol Pharm Org Process Res 3: 128. doi:10.4172/2329-9053.1000128
Page 2 of 6
Volume 3 • Issue 2 • 1000128
J Mol Pharm Org Process Res
ISSN: 2329-9053 JMPOPR, an open access journal
is also known as The Trivedi Effect®. Mr. Trivedi biofield treatment is
known to transform the characteristics of various living and nonliving
things. The biofield treatment has improved the growth and production
of agriculture crops [15-18] and significantly altered the phenotypic
characteristics of various pathogenic microbes [19-21]. Additionally,
biofield treatment has substantially altered the medicinal, growth and
anatomical properties of ashwagandha [22].
Based on the excellent outcome from biofield treatment and
interesting pharmaceutical applications of 1,2,4-Triazole, this work
was undertaken to investigate the impact of biofield treatment on this
compound.
Materials and Methods
1,2,4-triazole was procured from SD Fine Chemicals Limited,
India. The sample was divided into two parts; one was kept as a control
sample while the treatment group (T) was in sealed pack and handed
over to Mr. Trivedi for biofield treatment under laboratory condition.
Mr. Trivedi provided the treatment through his energy transmission
process to the treated group without touching the sample. The control
and treated samples were characterized by XRD, DSC, TGA, surface
area analysis, and FT-IR.
Characterization
X-ray diffraction (XRD) study
XRD analysis of control and treated 1,2,4-triazole was carried out
on Phillips, Holland PW 1710 X-ray diffractometer system, which had
a copper anode with nickel filter. The radiation of wavelength used by
the XRD system was 1.54056 Å. The data obtained from this XRD were
in the form of a chart of 2θ vs. intensity and a detailed table containing
peak intensity counts, d value (Å), peak width (θ°), relative intensity
(%) etc. The crystallite size (G) was calculated by using formula:
( )/G k bCosλ θ=
Here, λ is the wavelength of radiation used, b is full width half-
maximum (FWHM) of peaks and k is the equipment constant (=0.94).
Percent change in unit cell volume was calculated using following
formula
Percent change in unit cell volume= ( )/ 100Vt Vc Vc ×−
The molecular weight of atom was calculated using following
equation:
Molecular weight= number of protons x weight of a proton +
number of neutrons x weight of a neutron + number of electrons x
weight of an electron.
Molecular weight in g/mol was calculated from the weights of
all atoms in a molecule multiplied by the Avogadro number (6.023 ×
1023
). The percent change in molecular weight was calculated using the
following equation:
Percentchangeinmolecularweight= ( )/ 100Mt Mc Mc × −
Where, Mc
and Mt
are molecular weight of control and treated
powder sample respectively
Percentage change in crystallite size was calculated using following
formula:
Percentagechangeincrystallitesize= ( )/ 100Gt Gc Gc × −
Where, Gc
and Gt
are crystallite size of control and treated powder
samples respectively.
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
DSC was used to investigate the melting temperature and latent
heat of fusion (∆H) of samples. The control and treated 1,2,4-triazole
samples were analyzed using a Pyris-6 Perkin Elmer DSC on a heating
rate of 10°C/min under air atmosphere and air was flushed at a flow rate
of 5 mL/min. The sample was kept in an aluminum pan and covered
with a lid. Another blank covered aluminum pan was used as reference
in the study.
Percentage change in latent heat of fusion was calculated using
following equations:
[ ]Treated Control
Control
H H
% change in Latent heat of fusion 100
H
∆ − ∆
= ×
∆
Where, ΔH Control and ΔH Treated are the latent heat of fusion of
control and treated samples, respectively.
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis-Differential Thermal Analysis
(TGA-DTA)
Thermal stability of control and treated 1,2,4-triazole were analyzed
by using Mettler Toledo simultaneous TGA and Differential thermal
analyzer (DTA). The samples were heated from room temperature to
400°C with a heating rate of 5°C/min under air atmosphere.
Percent change in temperature at which maximum weight loss
occur in sample was calculated using following equation:
( )% , , / , 100change in Tmax Tmax treated Tmax control Tmax control = − ×
Where, Tmax, control
and Tmax, treated
are the maximum thermal
decomposition temperature in control and treated sample, respectively.
Surface area analysis
Surface area of 1,2,4-triazole were characterized by surface area
analyzer,SMARTSORB90Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)usingASTM
D 5604 method which had a detection range of 0.2-1000 m2
/g. Percent
changes in surface area were calculated using following equation:
[ ]Treated Control
Control
S S
% change in surface area 100
S
−
= ×
Where, SControl
and S Treated
are the surface area of control and treated
samples respectively.
FT-IR spectroscopy
FT-IR spectra were recorded on Shimadzu’s Fourier transform
infrared spectrometer (Japan) with frequency range of 4000-500 cm-
1
. The treated sample was divided in two parts T1 and T2 for FT-IR
analysis.
Results and Discussions
XRD study
XRD diffractograms of control and treated 1,2,4-triazole are shown
in Figure 1.
XRD diffractogram of control 1,2,4-triazole showed intense
crystalline peaks at 2θ equal to 17.91°, 22.23°, 22.41°, 22.57°, 24.40°,
3. Citation: Trivedi MK, Tallapragada RM, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, et al. (2015) Characterization of Physical, Spectral and Thermal Properties of
Biofield Treated 1,2,4-Triazole. J Mol Pharm Org Process Res 3: 128. doi:10.4172/2329-9053.1000128
Page 3 of 6
Volume 3 • Issue 2 • 1000128
J Mol Pharm Org Process Res
ISSN: 2329-9053 JMPOPR, an open access journal
24.67°, 26.16°, 26.40°, 27.74°, 28.10°, 31.14°, 32.34°, 32.54°, 54.70° and
54.86°. Similarly, the treated 1,2,4-triazole showed crystalline peaks at
2θ equal to 18.00°, 18.20°, 18.97°, 22.26°, 22.44°, 22.65°, 23.77°, 24.42°,
24.70°,26.21°,26.37°,28.12°and31.32°.TheresultshowedthatfewXRD
peaks of control 1,2,4-triazole originally present at 2θ equal to 22.57°,
24.67° and 28.10° were shifted to 22.65°, 24.70° and 28.12° respectively,
in treated sample. Moreover, the intensity was significantly increased
for these XRD peaks of treated 1,2,4-triazole as compared to control,
indicating an increase in crystallinity (Figure 1). It is hypothesized that
biofield treatment may cause the formation of the long-range order of
treated 1,2,4-triazole molecules which leads to increase in crystallinity
with respect to control. Based on the XRD data of control and treated
1,2,4-triazole the crystal structure was orthorhombic.
The unit cell volume, molecular weight and crystallite size of
control and treated 1,2,4-triazole were computed from the respective
XRD diffractogram and data are depicted in Table 1.
The unit cell volume of control 1,2,4-triazole was 666.34×10-24
cm3
;
however it was decreased slightly to 662.08 × 10-24
cm3
in treated sample.
The decrease in volume of unit cell volume was 0.64% as compared
to control. It is assumed that compressive stress may applied due to
biofield treatment that decreases the parameter and unit cell volume.
Whereas the molecular weight of control 1,2,4-triazole was decreased
by 0.64% with respect to control. It is speculated that biofield may cause
an alteration in proton to neutron ratio in the treated 1,2,4-triazole that
leads to a reduction in molecular weight.
The crystallite size of control and treated 1,2,4-triazole were
computed from the Scherrer formula (crystallite size=kλ/bcos θ) and
presented in Figure 2.
The crystallite size of control 1,2,4-triazole was 84.36 nm and it
was decreased to 70.58 nm in treated 1,2,4-triazole. The result showed
a decrease in crystallite size of biofield treated 1,2,4-triazole by 16.33%
with respect to control. Researchers have reported that ball milling and
similar other treatment methods cause a substantial decrease in grain
size and crystallite size of materials [23]. Suryanarayana reported that
crystallite size/grain size decreases rapidly in early stages of milling and
then slowly reaches a few nanometers in a short time [24]. Previously
it was reported that biofield treatment had substantially reduced
the crystallite size of vanadium pentoxide powders [25]. Hence, it is
assumed that biofield treatment may provide energy milling to the
treated 1,2,4-triazole samples that lead the creation of linear defects
particularly dislocations which results in higher dislocation density and
decrease in crystallite size [23].
DSC study
DSC was used to study the latent heat of fusion and melting behavior
of the 1,2,4-triazole. Figure 3 showed the DSC thermogram of control
and treated 1,2,4-triazole. DSC thermogram of control 1,2,4-triazole
showed a sharp endothermic peak at 123.76°C. However the treated
Figure 1: XRD diffractogram of control and treated 1,2,4-triazole.
Compound Characteristics Control Treated
Unit cell volume (10-24
cm3
) 666.34 662.08
Molecular weight (g/mol) 70.23 69.78
Table 1: XRD data (unit cell volume, crystallite size and molecular weight) of
control and treated 1,2,4-triazole.
Figure 2: Crystallite size of control and treated 1,2,4-triazole.
Figure 2: Crystallite size of control and treated 1,2,4-triazole.
Figure 3: DSC thermogram of control and treated 1,2,4-triazole.
4. Citation: Trivedi MK, Tallapragada RM, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, et al. (2015) Characterization of Physical, Spectral and Thermal Properties of
Biofield Treated 1,2,4-Triazole. J Mol Pharm Org Process Res 3: 128. doi:10.4172/2329-9053.1000128
Page 4 of 6
Volume 3 • Issue 2 • 1000128
J Mol Pharm Org Process Res
ISSN: 2329-9053 JMPOPR, an open access journal
1,2,4-triazole showed an intense endothermic peak at 124.22°C,
corresponded to melting temperature of the sample (Figure 3).
This showed a slight increase in melting temperature of the biofield
treated sample with respect to control. When molecules come out
from the regular pattern of the material and starts to vibrate thermally,
that is known as melting temperature. Researchers have showed that
melting temperature of a material depends on its kinetic energy [26].
It is assumed that biofield treatment may altered the kinetic energy
of the treated 1,2,4-triazole that leads to a slight increase in melting
temperature with respect to control.
Latent heat of fusion of control and treated 1,2,4-triazole were
computed from the respective thermograms and data are reported in
Table 2.
It was suggested that a material consist of strong intermolecular
forces between them that holds them tightly on their positions. The
energy needed to overcome this strong intermolecular force is known
as latent heat of fusion. This latent heat of fusion is stored as potential
energy in the atoms during its phase transition from solid to liquid. The
control sample showed a latent heat of fusion of 132.51 J/g and it was
considerably increased in treated 1,2,4-triazole (160.55 J/g). The result
showed a significant increase in latent heat of fusion by 21.16% with
respect to the control sample. It is speculated that biofield treatment
may alter the stored potential energy in the sample that leads to increase
in latent heat of fusion of the sample.
TGA analysis
Thermo gravimetric analysis is a technique used to evaluate the
thermal stability, vaporization and sublimation of the sample. TGA
thermogram of control and treated 1,2,4-triazole are presented in
Figure 4.
Thecontrol1,2,4-triazolestartedtodegradethermallyaround186°C
(onset), and it stopped at around 226°C (end set). During this process,
the sample lost 53.79% of its weight. However, the treated 1,2,4-triazole
started to thermally decompose at 200°C (onset), and it terminated at
around 243°C (end set). The sample lost 50.71% of its weight during
this process. This showed an increase in onset temperature of treated
1,2,4-triazole with respect to the control sample. This may be inferred
as high thermal stability of treated 1,2,4-triazole with respect to control.
DTA thermogram of control and treated 1,2,4-triazole are presented
in Figure 4. DTA thermogram of control 1,2,4-triazole showed two
endothermic peaks at 121.98°C and 210.42°C. The first endothermic
peak was corresponded to melting temperature and second was due
to thermal decomposition of the sample. DTA thermogram of treated
1,2,4-triazole also showed two endothermic peaks at 123.15°C and
222.93°C. The former peak was due to melting temperature of the
treated 1,2,4-triazole and latter peak was corresponded to thermal
decompositionofthesample.DTAshowedanincreaseindecomposition
temperature of treated 1,2,4-triazole with respect to control.
Derivative thermo gravimetry (DTG) thermogram of control
1,2,4-triazole showed maximum thermal decomposition temperature
(Tmax
) at 199.68°C and it was increased substantially to 213.40°C in
treated 1,2,4-triazole. The result showed 6.87% increase in Tmax
of
treated 1,2,4-triazole as compared to control sample. Overall, the
increase in onset temperature, and Tmax
corroborated the high thermal
stability of treated compound as compared to control 1,2,4-triazole.
According to Boltzman law of energy distribution among molecules at
any temperature a portion of molecules will possess energy higher than
the bond energy.
K=Ae-E/RT
Where, A is the frequency factor related to vibration frequency of a
critical mode of vibration in molecules and E is the excess energy which
must be concentrated in the molecule in order to decompose it. K is
the rate of decomposition. In this equation temperature (T) is inversely
proportional to rate of thermal decomposition (K). Similarly in this
work rate of decomposition was decreased with increasing temperature
and increase in thermal stability. Additionally, it was reported that A
should be minimized in order to increase the thermal stability of the
organic compounds [27]. Hence, it is assumed that biofield treatment
may be acted on the treated 1,2,4-triazole and minimized the frequency
of critical mode of vibration of molecules that leads to increase in
thermal stability of treated sample with respect to control.
Surface Area Analysis
The surface area of control and treated 1,2,4-triazole were evaluated
using BET analyzer and results are presented in Figure 5. The control
1,2,4-triazole showed a surface area of 0.3802 m2
/g and it was increased
considerably to 0.4316 m2
/g in treated sample. The result showed an
increase in surface area by 13.52% with respect to control. The possible
Parameter Control Treated
Latent heat of fusion ΔH (J/g) 132.51 160.55
Melting temperature (°C) 123.76°C 124.22 °C
Tmax (°C) 199.68 °C 213.40 °C
Weight loss (%) 53.79 50.70
Table 2: Thermal analysis data of control and treated 1,2,4-triazole.
Figure 4: TGA thermogram of control and treated 1,2,4-triazole.
5. Citation: Trivedi MK, Tallapragada RM, Branton A, Trivedi D, Nayak G, et al. (2015) Characterization of Physical, Spectral and Thermal Properties of
Biofield Treated 1,2,4-Triazole. J Mol Pharm Org Process Res 3: 128. doi:10.4172/2329-9053.1000128
Page 5 of 6
Volume 3 • Issue 2 • 1000128
J Mol Pharm Org Process Res
ISSN: 2329-9053 JMPOPR, an open access journal
cause of an increase in surface area of treated 1,2,4-triazole could be
the decrease in particle size of 1,2,4-triazole after biofield treatment.
It was reported that decrease in particle size increases the surface area
and vice versa [28,29]. Biofield treatment may provide energy milling
which led to the formation of grain into sub grain that caused decrease
in particle size and increase in surface area [30].
FT-IR spectroscopy
FT-IR spectra of control and treated 1,2,4-triazole (T1 and T2)
samples are presented in Figure 6.The FT-IR spectrum of control
1,2,4-triazole showed characteristic absorption peaks at 3097 and 3032
cm-1
due to C-H aromatic vibrations. Vibration peak at 3126 cm-1
was
due N-H stretching of the sample. FT-IR peaks at 1529 and 1483 cm-1
were corresponded to C=C stretching for aromatic groups. Vibration
peak for –N=N stretching was observed at 1543 cm-1
[31]. Likewise,
the FT-IR spectrum of 1,2,4-triazole (T1) showed absorptions peaks
at 3095, and 3034 cm-1
that were due to C-H aromatic vibrations.
N-H stretching vibration was observed at 3128 cm-1
in the sample.
FT-IR peaks observed at 1529, and 1483 cm-1
were corresponded to
C=C (aromatic) stretching vibration peak (Figure 6). Vibration peak
for –N=N stretching was observed at 1543 cm-1
. FT-IR spectrum of
1,2,4-triazole (T2) showed absorption peaks at 3028 cm-1
that were due
to C-H (aromatic) stretching vibrations. N-H stretching vibration peak
was observed at 3128 cm-1
in the sample. C=C (aromatic) stretching
vibrations were observed at 1529, and 1481 cm-1
. N=N stretching peak
was observed at 1543 cm-1
in the sample. Overall, the FT-IR results
showed no significant structural changes in treated 1,2,4-triazole (T1
and T2) with respect to control sample.
Conclusions
XRD results showed a reduction in unit cell volume and molecular
weight of treated 1,2,4-triazole as compared to control. A substantial
decrease in crystallite size was evidenced in treated 1,2,4-triazole that
may be due to compressive stress caused through biofield treatment
with respect to control. DSC characterization showed a slight increase
in melting temperature with respect to control. A significant increase
in latent heat of fusion was observed in treated 1,2,4-triazole than the
control sample. TGA showed a substantial increase in Tmax
of treated
compound as compared to control. This indicated the increase in
thermal stability of 1,2,4-triazole after biofield treatment. The surface
area was increased considerably in treated sample that may improve
the solubility of the compound with respect to control. However, no
significant change was found in FT-IR absorption peaks of treated
1,2,4-triazole in comparison with control. Based on results it was found
that biofield treatment has significantly influenced the physical and
thermal properties of treated 1,2,4-triazole. It is assumed that treated
1,2,4-triazolecouldbeusedforsynthesisofpharmaceuticalcompounds.
Acknowledgement
Authors thank Dr. Cheng Dong of NLSC, institute of physics, and Chinese
academy of sciences for permitting us to use Powder X software for analyzing
XRD results. The authors would also like to thank Trivedi Science, Trivedi Master
Wellness and Trivedi Testimonials for their support during the work.
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