An Effect of Biofield Treatment on Multidrug-resistant Burkholderia cepacia: ...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
Aim of the present study was to analyze the impact of biofield treatment on multidrug resistant B. cepacia. Clinicalsample of B. cepacia was divided into two groups i.e. control and biofield treated.
Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern of Pseudomonas fluorescens after Biofield T...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity patternof P. fluorescens. P. fluorescens cells were procured from MicroBioLogics in sealed packs bearing the AmericanType Culture Collection (ATCC 49838) number.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility, Biochemical Characterization and Molecular Typi...wilhelm mendel
Pathogenic isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), particularly the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains, are mostly associated with the failure of antibiotic therapy in nosocomial infections. The present work was designed to evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of K. pneumoniae. The strain of K. pneumoniae bearing ATCC 15380 (American Type Culture Collection) was procured from the Bangalore Genei, in sealed pack and divided into control and treated groups. Treated group was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment and analyzed for the antimicrobial susceptibility, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical reactions, and biotyping using automated MicroScan Walk-Away® system. Further, the effect of biofield treatment was also evaluated using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in order to determine their epidemiological relatedness and genetic characteristics of biofield treated K. pneumoniae samples. The antimicrobial susceptibility results showed an improve sensitivity (i.e. from intermediate to susceptible) of ampicillin/sulbactam and chloramphenicol, while altered sensitivity of cephalothin (i.e. from susceptible to intermediate) was also reported as compared to the control sample. The MIC value showed two-fold decrease in MIC value of ampicillin/sulbactam (i.e. 16/8 to ≤8/4 μg/mL) and chloramphenicol (i.e. 16 to ≤ 8 μg/mL) as compared to the control. The cephalothin showed two-folds change (i.e. ≤ 8 to 16 μg/mL) in the MIC value as compared with the control. Biofield treatment showed 9.09% alterations in biochemical reactions followed by a change in biotype number (7774 4272) in the treated group with respect to the control (7774 4274). Genetic fingerprinting was performed on control and treated samples using RAPD-PCR biomarkers, which showed an average range of 11 to 15% of polymorphism among the treated samples with respect to the control. These results suggested that Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment has a significant impact on K. pneumoniae.
Phenotyping and Genotyping Characteristics of Serratia MarcescensGru Marckel
A study was performed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on phenotyping and genotyping characteristics of S. marcescens. Visit here for more details.
Biofield Treatment: An Alternative Approach to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Sus...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
As biofield therapy is increasingly popular in biomedical heath care, so present study aimed to evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical study, and biotype number of multidrug resistant strain of R. ornithinolytica.
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristic of Pr...albertdivis
The Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on P. rettgeri against antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reaction pattern, biotype number, and 16S rDNA sequence.
An Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Susceptibility Pattern of Multidrug Re...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment against multidrug resistant S. maltophilia. Clinical sample of S. maltophilia was collected and divided into two groups i.e. control and biofield treated which were analyzed after 10 days with respect to control.
Assessment of Antibiogram of Multidrug-Resistant Isolates of Enterobacter aer...wilhelm mendel
Enterobacter aerogenes (E. aerogenes) has been reported as the versatile opportunistic pathogen associated with the hospital infections worldwide. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment on multidrug resistant clinical lab isolates (LSs) of E. aerogenes. The MDR isolates of E. aerogenes (i.e., LS 45 and LS 54) were divided into two groups, i.e., control and treated. Samples were analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical study, and biotype number using MicroScan Walk-Away® system, on day 10 after the biofield treatment. The antimicrobial sensitivity assay showed 14.28% alteration out of twenty eight tested antimicrobials with respect to the control. The cefotetan sensitivity changed from intermediate (I) to inducible β-lactamase (IB), while piperacillin/tazobactam changed from resistant to IB in the treated LS 45. Improved sensitivity was reported in tetracycline, i.e., from I to susceptible (S) in LS 45, while chloramphenicol and tetracycline sensitivity changed from R to I in treated LS 54. Four-fold decrease in MIC value was reported in piperacillin/tazobactam, and two-fold decrease in cefotetan and tetracycline in the biofield treated LS 45 as compared to the control. MIC results showed an overall decreased MIC values in 12.50% tested antimicrobials such as chloramphenicol (16 μg/mL) and tetracycline (8 μg/mL) in LS 54. The biochemical study showed an overall 45.45% negative reaction in the tested biochemical in both the treated isolates as compared to the control. A change in biotype number was reported in MDR isolates (LS 45 and LS 54), while in LS 54, altered biotype number, i.e., 0406 0374 as compared to the control (7770 4376), with identification of the new species as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia with brown color as special characteristic. The study findings suggest that Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment on clinical MDR isolates of E. aerogenes has the significant effect on altering the sensitivity of antimicrobials, decreasing the MIC values, changed biochemical reactions, and biotype number.
An Effect of Biofield Treatment on Multidrug-resistant Burkholderia cepacia: ...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
Aim of the present study was to analyze the impact of biofield treatment on multidrug resistant B. cepacia. Clinicalsample of B. cepacia was divided into two groups i.e. control and biofield treated.
Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern of Pseudomonas fluorescens after Biofield T...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity patternof P. fluorescens. P. fluorescens cells were procured from MicroBioLogics in sealed packs bearing the AmericanType Culture Collection (ATCC 49838) number.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility, Biochemical Characterization and Molecular Typi...wilhelm mendel
Pathogenic isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), particularly the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains, are mostly associated with the failure of antibiotic therapy in nosocomial infections. The present work was designed to evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of K. pneumoniae. The strain of K. pneumoniae bearing ATCC 15380 (American Type Culture Collection) was procured from the Bangalore Genei, in sealed pack and divided into control and treated groups. Treated group was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment and analyzed for the antimicrobial susceptibility, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical reactions, and biotyping using automated MicroScan Walk-Away® system. Further, the effect of biofield treatment was also evaluated using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in order to determine their epidemiological relatedness and genetic characteristics of biofield treated K. pneumoniae samples. The antimicrobial susceptibility results showed an improve sensitivity (i.e. from intermediate to susceptible) of ampicillin/sulbactam and chloramphenicol, while altered sensitivity of cephalothin (i.e. from susceptible to intermediate) was also reported as compared to the control sample. The MIC value showed two-fold decrease in MIC value of ampicillin/sulbactam (i.e. 16/8 to ≤8/4 μg/mL) and chloramphenicol (i.e. 16 to ≤ 8 μg/mL) as compared to the control. The cephalothin showed two-folds change (i.e. ≤ 8 to 16 μg/mL) in the MIC value as compared with the control. Biofield treatment showed 9.09% alterations in biochemical reactions followed by a change in biotype number (7774 4272) in the treated group with respect to the control (7774 4274). Genetic fingerprinting was performed on control and treated samples using RAPD-PCR biomarkers, which showed an average range of 11 to 15% of polymorphism among the treated samples with respect to the control. These results suggested that Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment has a significant impact on K. pneumoniae.
Phenotyping and Genotyping Characteristics of Serratia MarcescensGru Marckel
A study was performed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on phenotyping and genotyping characteristics of S. marcescens. Visit here for more details.
Biofield Treatment: An Alternative Approach to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Sus...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
As biofield therapy is increasingly popular in biomedical heath care, so present study aimed to evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical study, and biotype number of multidrug resistant strain of R. ornithinolytica.
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristic of Pr...albertdivis
The Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on P. rettgeri against antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reaction pattern, biotype number, and 16S rDNA sequence.
An Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Susceptibility Pattern of Multidrug Re...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment against multidrug resistant S. maltophilia. Clinical sample of S. maltophilia was collected and divided into two groups i.e. control and biofield treated which were analyzed after 10 days with respect to control.
Assessment of Antibiogram of Multidrug-Resistant Isolates of Enterobacter aer...wilhelm mendel
Enterobacter aerogenes (E. aerogenes) has been reported as the versatile opportunistic pathogen associated with the hospital infections worldwide. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment on multidrug resistant clinical lab isolates (LSs) of E. aerogenes. The MDR isolates of E. aerogenes (i.e., LS 45 and LS 54) were divided into two groups, i.e., control and treated. Samples were analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical study, and biotype number using MicroScan Walk-Away® system, on day 10 after the biofield treatment. The antimicrobial sensitivity assay showed 14.28% alteration out of twenty eight tested antimicrobials with respect to the control. The cefotetan sensitivity changed from intermediate (I) to inducible β-lactamase (IB), while piperacillin/tazobactam changed from resistant to IB in the treated LS 45. Improved sensitivity was reported in tetracycline, i.e., from I to susceptible (S) in LS 45, while chloramphenicol and tetracycline sensitivity changed from R to I in treated LS 54. Four-fold decrease in MIC value was reported in piperacillin/tazobactam, and two-fold decrease in cefotetan and tetracycline in the biofield treated LS 45 as compared to the control. MIC results showed an overall decreased MIC values in 12.50% tested antimicrobials such as chloramphenicol (16 μg/mL) and tetracycline (8 μg/mL) in LS 54. The biochemical study showed an overall 45.45% negative reaction in the tested biochemical in both the treated isolates as compared to the control. A change in biotype number was reported in MDR isolates (LS 45 and LS 54), while in LS 54, altered biotype number, i.e., 0406 0374 as compared to the control (7770 4376), with identification of the new species as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia with brown color as special characteristic. The study findings suggest that Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment on clinical MDR isolates of E. aerogenes has the significant effect on altering the sensitivity of antimicrobials, decreasing the MIC values, changed biochemical reactions, and biotype number.
Phenotypic and Biotypic Characterization of Klebsiella oxytoca: An Impact of ...albertdivis
Klebsiella oxytoca (K. oxytoca) is a Gram-negative microbe generally associated with community and hospitalacquired infections. Due to its clinical significance, we evaluated the effect of biofield treatment on phenotype and biotype characteristics of K. oxytoca (ATCC 43165).
An Impact of Biofield Treatment: Antimycobacterial Susceptibility Potential U...albertdivis
The aim was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment modality on mycobacterial strains in relation to antimycobacterials susceptibility. Mycobacterial sensitivity was analysed using 12 B BACTEC vials on the BACTEC 460 TB machine in 39 lab isolates (sputum samples) from stored stock cultures.
Antibiogram and Genotypic Analysis using 16S rDNA after Biofield Treatment on...albertdivis
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment on M. morganii in the lyophilized as well as revived state for antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, biochemical characteristics, biotype number and genotype.
This is part of our project that aims to assess current state of anti-microbial resistance in Egypt with a specific focus on development of anti-parasitic drugs resistance in addition.
Antibacterial resistance is a major global problem as many bacterial infections are becoming increasingly difficult to treat due to antibiotic resistance. There are two main issues - increased antibiotic resistance among bacteria and a declining antibiotic pipeline. Bacteria are developing resistance to existing antibiotics, especially gram-negative rods, leaving some infections with no effective treatment options. Meanwhile, the development of new antibiotics has slowed dramatically in recent years. Novel approaches are being explored to address the antibiotic resistance crisis, such as developing antibiotics from non-culturable bacteria and using bacteriophages and their gene products. However, the problem of antibiotic resistance worldwide remains serious without action.
Effect of the Gayatri Mantra Playing on Microbial Load in Room AirBhoj Raj Singh
In the study, the effect of the Gayatri Mantra playing for 24 hr on microbial quality of air was examined in 12 rooms of scientists of the ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India willing to participate in the study and in 7 empty classroom/ examination hall lying vacant since March 2020 due to COVID-19. Of the empty rooms, 6 were used as the control for the first two days, then after a week, all rooms were also used to detect the effect of playing the Gayatri Mantra. A total of 31 bacterial species of medical importance were isolated and identified in the air of the rooms. After playing the Gayatri Mantra in Raag Bhairvi for 24 h bacterial count significantly decreased in rooms inhabited by vegetarian (OR 24, CI 95: 0.00-0.88; p, 0.036) than in rooms occupied by non-vegetarians. Rooms occupied by vegetarians. The effect of Gayatri Mantra in the empty room had no significant difference but bacterial count reduced. Bacterial counts of rooms occupied by non-vegetarian increased significantly post Mantra playing. Bacterial counts of rooms occupied by non-vegetarians and empty rooms varied significantly (OR 18, p, 0.02, CI 95: 0.00 – 0.79). Empty rooms with and without mantra not varied significantly for the reduction of the bacterial count. Paenibacillus spp. was not detected in any of the 12 rooms occupied by the scientists/ staff but in 3 of the 7 empty rooms (p, 0.01) it was detected even without playing any mantra. It indicated that daily disturbance in the environment may be detrimental to the survival of Paenibacillus spp. After playing Mantra P. alvei, P. cookie, P. lautus were detected in 5 of the seven rooms occupied by Non-vegetarians, while P. pantothenicus continued to be present in three of the vacant rooms even after playing the Mantra. Paenibacillus spp. bacteria are known for their probiotic potential and its significance in the study is not clear. It seems that the Gayatri mantra has some enrichment effect on Paenibacillus spp. but a detrimental effect on other microbes.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern, Biochemical Characteristics and Biotypi...albertdivis
The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on Salmonella paratyphi A (S. paratyphi A) in terms of antimicrobial susceptibility assay, biochemical characteristics and biotyping.
Biochemical Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureusdeeptimishra10
The specific biochemicals showed some changes against S. aureus after biofiel d treatment. In this study, overall 37.93% biochemical reactions were altered in tested twenty nine biochemicals with respect to control after biofield treatment.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when microorganisms become resistant to antimicrobial drugs that were previously able to treat infections. AMR arises through natural mutation and genetic transfer between microbes and is accelerated by misuse and overuse of antimicrobials. If not addressed, AMR could lead to increased mortality and healthcare costs as resistant organisms cause treatment failure. To combat AMR, proper antimicrobial use, hygiene, and surveillance are needed at the patient, clinical, agricultural, and policy levels. Education is also key to promoting appropriate antimicrobial usage.
The environmental dimensions of antibiotic resistanceSIANI
This document summarizes the role of the environment in the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. It discusses how the environment serves as a transmission route for resistant bacteria and antibiotics select for resistance in various environmental settings like wastewater treatment plants and areas with high antibiotic production. The global scale of transmission is highlighted, with resistance genes being shared between continents through human travel and transport. Improved transparency in the drug production process is suggested to help address the issue of environmental antibiotic pollution.
Mohit Vashishta is an Indian immunologist with expertise in tuberculosis and pneumococcal infections. He has a PhD from the University of Delhi and has published 5 papers with impact factors ranging from 2.7 to 4.573. His research focuses on regulating programmed death ligand-1 expression and understanding host-pathogen interactions during bacterial infections. He has over 8 years of experience in research and teaching and seeks to further his career in immunology.
The document discusses the history of antibiotic discovery and resistance. It describes how ancient civilizations used natural substances like moldy bread to treat infections. It then discusses the Nobel Prize-winning work of Paul Ehrlich on antibody-antigen interactions, which led to the discovery of chemotherapy and antibiotics. The document outlines key events in antibiotic discovery from Alexander Fleming's discovery of penicillin in 1928 to the current problem of antibiotic resistance. It also describes evidence that antibiotic resistance is an ancient, natural phenomenon in microbes that predates human use of antibiotics. The implications are that antibiotic resistance is hardwired in microbial genomes and not solely due to recent human antibiotic overuse and misuse.
Incidence rate of multidrug-resistant organisms in a tertiary care hospital, ...Apollo Hospitals
Antimicrobial resistance to microorganisms is a growing public health concern globally, especially in developing countries. This study was conducted to study the incidence rate of multidrug-resistant organisms with their antibiotic sensitivity pattern.
1) A study investigated Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from 65 burn victims admitted to a hospital in Iraq over 2 months.
2) PCR and phenotypic assays found that the majority of P. aeruginosa isolates were able to form alginate biofilm and had high antibiotic multi-drug resistance.
3) Specifically, 82% of isolates were found to be positive for alginate biofilm formation by PCR and 91% by a phenotypic assay, and the isolates showed resistance to many antibiotics with a multiple antibiotic resistance index of 0.4.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility, Biochemical Characterization and Molecular Typi...rachelsalk
Pathogenic isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), particularly the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains, are mostly associated with the failure of antibiotic therapy in nosocomial infections. The present work was designed to evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of K. pneumoniae. The strain of K. pneumoniae bearing ATCC 15380 (American Type Culture Collection) was procured from the Bangalore Genei, in sealed pack and divided into control and treated groups. Treated group was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment and analyzed for the antimicrobial susceptibility, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical reactions, and biotyping using automated MicroScan Walk-Away® system. Further, the effect of biofield treatment was also evaluated using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in order to determine their epidemiological relatedness and genetic characteristics of biofield treated K. pneumoniae samples. The antimicrobial susceptibility results showed an improve sensitivity (i.e. from intermediate to susceptible) of ampicillin/sulbactam and chloramphenicol, while altered sensitivity of cephalothin (i.e. from susceptible to intermediate) was also reported as compared to the control sample. The MIC value showed two-fold decrease in MIC value of ampicillin/sulbactam (i.e. 16/8 to ≤8/4 μg/mL) and chloramphenicol (i.e. 16 to ≤ 8 μg/mL) as compared to the control. The cephalothin showed two-folds change (i.e. ≤ 8 to 16 μg/mL) in the MIC value as compared with the control. Biofield treatment showed 9.09% alterations in biochemical reactions followed by a change in biotype number (7774 4272) in the treated group with respect to the control (7774 4274). Genetic fingerprinting was performed on control and treated samples using RAPD-PCR biomarkers, which showed an average range of 11 to 15% of polymorphism among the treated samples with respect to the control. These results suggested that Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment has a significant impact on K. pneumoniae.
Evaluation of Phenotyping and Genotyping Characterization of Serratia marcesc...albertdivis
The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on phenotyping and genotyping characteristics such as antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reactions, biotype, DNA polymorphism, and phylogenetic relationship of S. marcescens (ATCC 13880).
Assessment of Antibiogram of Multidrug-Resistant Isolates of Enterobacter aer...rachelsalk
This document summarizes a study on the effects of biofield energy treatment on multidrug-resistant isolates of Enterobacter aerogenes. Two multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of E. aerogenes were divided into control and treated groups. The treated groups were subjected to biofield energy treatment by Mr. Trivedi. Antimicrobial susceptibility, minimum inhibitory concentration values, biochemical reactions, and biotype numbers were analyzed and compared between control and treated groups. The results showed alterations in antimicrobial susceptibility for 14.28% of antibiotics tested, decreases in MIC values for 12.5% of antibiotics, and overall 45.45% negative biochemical reactions in treated isolates compared to controls. A change in biotype number was also reported for one
Biofield Treatment: An Alternative Approach to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Sus...albertdivis
As biofield therapy is increasingly popular in biomedical heath care, so present study aimed to evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical study, and biotype number of multidrug resistant strain of R. ornithinolytica.
An Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Susceptibility Pattern of Multidrug Re...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) is a Gram-negative bacillus, an opportunistic pathogen, particularly among nosocomial infections. Multi-drug resistant strains are associated with very high rate of morbidity and mortality in severely immunocompromised patients. Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment against multidrug resistant S. maltophilia. Clinical sample of S. maltophilia was collected and divided into two groups i.e. control and biofield treated which were analyzed after 10 days with respect to control. The following parameters viz. susceptibility pattern, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical studies and biotype number of both control and treated samples were measured by MicroScan Walk-Away® system. The results showed an overall change of 37.5% in susceptibility pattern and 39.4% in biochemical study while 33.3% changes in MIC values of tested antimicrobials after biofield treatment. Further, the treated group of S. maltophilia has also shown a significant change in biochemical reactions followed by its biotype number as compared to control group. Biochemical reactions of treated group showed negative reaction to acetamide and positive reactions to colistin, glucose, adonitol, melibiose, arabinose, nitrate, oxidation-fermentation, raffinose, rhaminose, sorbitol, sucrose, and Voges-Proskauer as compared with control. The biofield treatment showed an alteration in MIC values of amikacin, amoxicillin/K-clavulanate, chloramphenicol, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, ceftazidime, cefotetan, ticarcillin/K-clavulanate, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Altogether, data suggest that biofield treatment has significant effect to alter the sensitivity pattern of antimicrobials and biotype number against multidrug resistant strain of S. maltophilia.
An Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Susceptibility Pattern of Multidrug Re...albertdivis
The document discusses an evaluation of the effects of biofield treatment on the susceptibility pattern of multidrug resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The key findings of the study are:
1) Biofield treatment led to changes in the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and minimum inhibitory concentration values of several antimicrobials against S. maltophilia.
2) 37.5% of the tested antimicrobials showed changes in susceptibility patterns and 33.3% showed changes in MIC values after biofield treatment.
3) Biofield treatment also resulted in 39.4% changes in biochemical reactions of S. maltophilia and changed its biotype number leading to identification as Enterobacter aerogenes rather
Phenotypic and Biotypic Characterization of Klebsiella oxytoca: An Impact of ...albertdivis
Klebsiella oxytoca (K. oxytoca) is a Gram-negative microbe generally associated with community and hospitalacquired infections. Due to its clinical significance, we evaluated the effect of biofield treatment on phenotype and biotype characteristics of K. oxytoca (ATCC 43165).
An Impact of Biofield Treatment: Antimycobacterial Susceptibility Potential U...albertdivis
The aim was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment modality on mycobacterial strains in relation to antimycobacterials susceptibility. Mycobacterial sensitivity was analysed using 12 B BACTEC vials on the BACTEC 460 TB machine in 39 lab isolates (sputum samples) from stored stock cultures.
Antibiogram and Genotypic Analysis using 16S rDNA after Biofield Treatment on...albertdivis
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment on M. morganii in the lyophilized as well as revived state for antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, biochemical characteristics, biotype number and genotype.
This is part of our project that aims to assess current state of anti-microbial resistance in Egypt with a specific focus on development of anti-parasitic drugs resistance in addition.
Antibacterial resistance is a major global problem as many bacterial infections are becoming increasingly difficult to treat due to antibiotic resistance. There are two main issues - increased antibiotic resistance among bacteria and a declining antibiotic pipeline. Bacteria are developing resistance to existing antibiotics, especially gram-negative rods, leaving some infections with no effective treatment options. Meanwhile, the development of new antibiotics has slowed dramatically in recent years. Novel approaches are being explored to address the antibiotic resistance crisis, such as developing antibiotics from non-culturable bacteria and using bacteriophages and their gene products. However, the problem of antibiotic resistance worldwide remains serious without action.
Effect of the Gayatri Mantra Playing on Microbial Load in Room AirBhoj Raj Singh
In the study, the effect of the Gayatri Mantra playing for 24 hr on microbial quality of air was examined in 12 rooms of scientists of the ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India willing to participate in the study and in 7 empty classroom/ examination hall lying vacant since March 2020 due to COVID-19. Of the empty rooms, 6 were used as the control for the first two days, then after a week, all rooms were also used to detect the effect of playing the Gayatri Mantra. A total of 31 bacterial species of medical importance were isolated and identified in the air of the rooms. After playing the Gayatri Mantra in Raag Bhairvi for 24 h bacterial count significantly decreased in rooms inhabited by vegetarian (OR 24, CI 95: 0.00-0.88; p, 0.036) than in rooms occupied by non-vegetarians. Rooms occupied by vegetarians. The effect of Gayatri Mantra in the empty room had no significant difference but bacterial count reduced. Bacterial counts of rooms occupied by non-vegetarian increased significantly post Mantra playing. Bacterial counts of rooms occupied by non-vegetarians and empty rooms varied significantly (OR 18, p, 0.02, CI 95: 0.00 – 0.79). Empty rooms with and without mantra not varied significantly for the reduction of the bacterial count. Paenibacillus spp. was not detected in any of the 12 rooms occupied by the scientists/ staff but in 3 of the 7 empty rooms (p, 0.01) it was detected even without playing any mantra. It indicated that daily disturbance in the environment may be detrimental to the survival of Paenibacillus spp. After playing Mantra P. alvei, P. cookie, P. lautus were detected in 5 of the seven rooms occupied by Non-vegetarians, while P. pantothenicus continued to be present in three of the vacant rooms even after playing the Mantra. Paenibacillus spp. bacteria are known for their probiotic potential and its significance in the study is not clear. It seems that the Gayatri mantra has some enrichment effect on Paenibacillus spp. but a detrimental effect on other microbes.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern, Biochemical Characteristics and Biotypi...albertdivis
The current study was attempted to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on Salmonella paratyphi A (S. paratyphi A) in terms of antimicrobial susceptibility assay, biochemical characteristics and biotyping.
Biochemical Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureusdeeptimishra10
The specific biochemicals showed some changes against S. aureus after biofiel d treatment. In this study, overall 37.93% biochemical reactions were altered in tested twenty nine biochemicals with respect to control after biofield treatment.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when microorganisms become resistant to antimicrobial drugs that were previously able to treat infections. AMR arises through natural mutation and genetic transfer between microbes and is accelerated by misuse and overuse of antimicrobials. If not addressed, AMR could lead to increased mortality and healthcare costs as resistant organisms cause treatment failure. To combat AMR, proper antimicrobial use, hygiene, and surveillance are needed at the patient, clinical, agricultural, and policy levels. Education is also key to promoting appropriate antimicrobial usage.
The environmental dimensions of antibiotic resistanceSIANI
This document summarizes the role of the environment in the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. It discusses how the environment serves as a transmission route for resistant bacteria and antibiotics select for resistance in various environmental settings like wastewater treatment plants and areas with high antibiotic production. The global scale of transmission is highlighted, with resistance genes being shared between continents through human travel and transport. Improved transparency in the drug production process is suggested to help address the issue of environmental antibiotic pollution.
Mohit Vashishta is an Indian immunologist with expertise in tuberculosis and pneumococcal infections. He has a PhD from the University of Delhi and has published 5 papers with impact factors ranging from 2.7 to 4.573. His research focuses on regulating programmed death ligand-1 expression and understanding host-pathogen interactions during bacterial infections. He has over 8 years of experience in research and teaching and seeks to further his career in immunology.
The document discusses the history of antibiotic discovery and resistance. It describes how ancient civilizations used natural substances like moldy bread to treat infections. It then discusses the Nobel Prize-winning work of Paul Ehrlich on antibody-antigen interactions, which led to the discovery of chemotherapy and antibiotics. The document outlines key events in antibiotic discovery from Alexander Fleming's discovery of penicillin in 1928 to the current problem of antibiotic resistance. It also describes evidence that antibiotic resistance is an ancient, natural phenomenon in microbes that predates human use of antibiotics. The implications are that antibiotic resistance is hardwired in microbial genomes and not solely due to recent human antibiotic overuse and misuse.
Incidence rate of multidrug-resistant organisms in a tertiary care hospital, ...Apollo Hospitals
Antimicrobial resistance to microorganisms is a growing public health concern globally, especially in developing countries. This study was conducted to study the incidence rate of multidrug-resistant organisms with their antibiotic sensitivity pattern.
1) A study investigated Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from 65 burn victims admitted to a hospital in Iraq over 2 months.
2) PCR and phenotypic assays found that the majority of P. aeruginosa isolates were able to form alginate biofilm and had high antibiotic multi-drug resistance.
3) Specifically, 82% of isolates were found to be positive for alginate biofilm formation by PCR and 91% by a phenotypic assay, and the isolates showed resistance to many antibiotics with a multiple antibiotic resistance index of 0.4.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility, Biochemical Characterization and Molecular Typi...rachelsalk
Pathogenic isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), particularly the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains, are mostly associated with the failure of antibiotic therapy in nosocomial infections. The present work was designed to evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of K. pneumoniae. The strain of K. pneumoniae bearing ATCC 15380 (American Type Culture Collection) was procured from the Bangalore Genei, in sealed pack and divided into control and treated groups. Treated group was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment and analyzed for the antimicrobial susceptibility, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical reactions, and biotyping using automated MicroScan Walk-Away® system. Further, the effect of biofield treatment was also evaluated using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in order to determine their epidemiological relatedness and genetic characteristics of biofield treated K. pneumoniae samples. The antimicrobial susceptibility results showed an improve sensitivity (i.e. from intermediate to susceptible) of ampicillin/sulbactam and chloramphenicol, while altered sensitivity of cephalothin (i.e. from susceptible to intermediate) was also reported as compared to the control sample. The MIC value showed two-fold decrease in MIC value of ampicillin/sulbactam (i.e. 16/8 to ≤8/4 μg/mL) and chloramphenicol (i.e. 16 to ≤ 8 μg/mL) as compared to the control. The cephalothin showed two-folds change (i.e. ≤ 8 to 16 μg/mL) in the MIC value as compared with the control. Biofield treatment showed 9.09% alterations in biochemical reactions followed by a change in biotype number (7774 4272) in the treated group with respect to the control (7774 4274). Genetic fingerprinting was performed on control and treated samples using RAPD-PCR biomarkers, which showed an average range of 11 to 15% of polymorphism among the treated samples with respect to the control. These results suggested that Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment has a significant impact on K. pneumoniae.
Evaluation of Phenotyping and Genotyping Characterization of Serratia marcesc...albertdivis
The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on phenotyping and genotyping characteristics such as antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical reactions, biotype, DNA polymorphism, and phylogenetic relationship of S. marcescens (ATCC 13880).
Assessment of Antibiogram of Multidrug-Resistant Isolates of Enterobacter aer...rachelsalk
This document summarizes a study on the effects of biofield energy treatment on multidrug-resistant isolates of Enterobacter aerogenes. Two multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of E. aerogenes were divided into control and treated groups. The treated groups were subjected to biofield energy treatment by Mr. Trivedi. Antimicrobial susceptibility, minimum inhibitory concentration values, biochemical reactions, and biotype numbers were analyzed and compared between control and treated groups. The results showed alterations in antimicrobial susceptibility for 14.28% of antibiotics tested, decreases in MIC values for 12.5% of antibiotics, and overall 45.45% negative biochemical reactions in treated isolates compared to controls. A change in biotype number was also reported for one
Biofield Treatment: An Alternative Approach to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Sus...albertdivis
As biofield therapy is increasingly popular in biomedical heath care, so present study aimed to evaluate the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment on antimicrobial sensitivity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical study, and biotype number of multidrug resistant strain of R. ornithinolytica.
An Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Susceptibility Pattern of Multidrug Re...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia) is a Gram-negative bacillus, an opportunistic pathogen, particularly among nosocomial infections. Multi-drug resistant strains are associated with very high rate of morbidity and mortality in severely immunocompromised patients. Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment against multidrug resistant S. maltophilia. Clinical sample of S. maltophilia was collected and divided into two groups i.e. control and biofield treated which were analyzed after 10 days with respect to control. The following parameters viz. susceptibility pattern, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical studies and biotype number of both control and treated samples were measured by MicroScan Walk-Away® system. The results showed an overall change of 37.5% in susceptibility pattern and 39.4% in biochemical study while 33.3% changes in MIC values of tested antimicrobials after biofield treatment. Further, the treated group of S. maltophilia has also shown a significant change in biochemical reactions followed by its biotype number as compared to control group. Biochemical reactions of treated group showed negative reaction to acetamide and positive reactions to colistin, glucose, adonitol, melibiose, arabinose, nitrate, oxidation-fermentation, raffinose, rhaminose, sorbitol, sucrose, and Voges-Proskauer as compared with control. The biofield treatment showed an alteration in MIC values of amikacin, amoxicillin/K-clavulanate, chloramphenicol, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, ceftazidime, cefotetan, ticarcillin/K-clavulanate, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Altogether, data suggest that biofield treatment has significant effect to alter the sensitivity pattern of antimicrobials and biotype number against multidrug resistant strain of S. maltophilia.
An Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Susceptibility Pattern of Multidrug Re...albertdivis
The document discusses an evaluation of the effects of biofield treatment on the susceptibility pattern of multidrug resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The key findings of the study are:
1) Biofield treatment led to changes in the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and minimum inhibitory concentration values of several antimicrobials against S. maltophilia.
2) 37.5% of the tested antimicrobials showed changes in susceptibility patterns and 33.3% showed changes in MIC values after biofield treatment.
3) Biofield treatment also resulted in 39.4% changes in biochemical reactions of S. maltophilia and changed its biotype number leading to identification as Enterobacter aerogenes rather
Research by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi - Phenotypic and Biotypic Characterization...Abby Keif
Research on Trivedi Effect - we evaluated the effect of biofield treatment on phenotype and biotype characteristics of K. oxytoca (ATCC 43165). The study was performed into three groups i.e. C (control), T1 (treatment, revived), and T2 (treatment, lyophilized). Subsequently, groups T1 and T2 were received biofield treatment and control group was remained as untreated. Visit http://works.bepress.com/mahendra_trivedi/43/ for details.
This study analyzed the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of gram-negative bacteria isolated from clinical samples at a large specialty hospital in India from 2014. It found that 81% of bacterial isolates were gram-negative bacilli, led by Enterobacteriaceae species, Acinetobacter spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antibiotic resistance rates were high and increasing among these pathogens, particularly to beta-lactams, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and carbapenems. The results demonstrate the growing threat of multidrug-resistant gram-negative infections and emphasize the need for prudent antibiotic use.
The document discusses rapid diagnosis of drug resistant tuberculosis. It provides an overview of conventional and newer diagnostic methods. Conventional methods like culture and drug susceptibility testing can take 8-12 weeks to identify resistance. Newer rapid phenotypic tests such as automated liquid cultures, thin layer agar cultures, TK medium and microscopic-observation drug susceptibility assay can reduce the time to 1-2 weeks but require specialized equipment. Molecular methods like real-time PCR and line probe assays that detect gene mutations associated with resistance have been commercialized and can provide results in 1-2 days, aiding early treatment decisions. Effective control of drug resistant tuberculosis will require scaling up rapid testing capacities and expanding use of novel molecular technologies.
This document outlines Patient Safety Goal 4 to tackle antimicrobial resistance as part of WHO's 3rd Global Patient Safety Challenge. It describes 3 indicators to monitor the incidence of MRSA, ESBL-Klebsiella Pneumoniae, and ESBL-E.coli infections. Data on newly identified multidrug resistant organism cases will be collected and the infection rates calculated monthly. Strategies like implementing antibiotic guidelines, stewardship programs, and national campaigns aim to optimize antibiotic use and contain the spread of antimicrobial resistance.
Resistance pattern of cephadroxil monohydrate and ceftrixone against differen...pharmaindexing
Resistance pattern of cephadroxil monohydrate and ceftrixone against different clinical isolates was the aim of the study and 90 clinical isolates comprising of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella, Proteus and Pseudomonas aerogenosa were collected from different local pathological laboratories and their resistant pattern against cephadroxil monohydrate and ceftrixone were studied using disc diffusion method. Klebsiella, (86.6% against cephadroxil monohydrate and 53.33% against ceftrixone) and Proteus (66.67% against cephadroxil monohydrate and 33.33% against ceftrixone). In case of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, resistance found was 41.18% and 48% against ceftrixone,82.35% and 97.62% against cephadroxil monohydrate respectively and in case of Pseudomonas aerogenosa resistance found was 40% against ceftrixone and 90% against cephadroxil monohydrate. It is concluded from these figures that microbial resistance against these cephalosporins are increasing in the population which is alarming and therefore it is recommended to physicians to prescribe these antibiotics only of no other alternate is available in clinical practices.
This document presents a research proposal to determine the molecular genetic basis of isoniazid and rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from clinical samples in Dutsin-Ma, Nigeria. The study aims to identify resistance genes in M. tuberculosis isolates and their association with first and second-line drug resistance through DNA sequencing. Approximately 113 sputum samples will be collected and analyzed using staining, culturing, drug susceptibility testing, DNA extraction, PCR, and electrophoresis. Ethical approval will be obtained and data analyzed to understand patterns of drug resistance in the region.
The variants of New delhiMetallo – lactamase-1: A Comparative Assessmentinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
American Journal of Bioterrorism, Biosecurity and Biodefense is an international scholarly peer reviewed Open Access journal, aims to promote the research in all the related fields of Bioterrorism, Biosecurity and Biodefence.
American Journal of Bioterrorism, Biosecurity and Biodefense is a comprehensive Open Access peer reviewed scientific Journal that covers multidisciplinary fields. We provide limitless access towards accessing our literature hub with colossal range of articles. The journal aims to publish high quality varied article types such as Research, Review, Short Communications, Case Reports, Perspectives (Editorials), Clinical Images.
American Journal of Bioterrorism, Biosecurity and Biodefense support the scientific modernization and enrichment in Bioterrorism, Biosecurity and Biodefense research community by magnifying access to peer reviewed scientific literary works. Austin also brings universally peer reviewed member journals under one roof thereby promoting knowledge sharing, collaborative and promotion of multidisciplinary science.
Antibiotic resistance is increasing in Gram Negative organisms. It is important to know the antibiogram of the hospital to start empirical therapy. It can serve as a reference to clinician looking for information on antibiotic resistance. A retrospective analysis of the isolates obtained from January 2016 to December 2016 was performed. Samples were processed as per CLSI guideline. A total of 718 isolates were obtained. These were analysed for the prevalence
of MDR/XDR/PDR. It was found that XDR isolates are prevalent in our teaching hospital. The study showed an emergence in pan drug resistant isolates. The knowledge of local antibiogram
along with strong antibiotic stewardship program can help in guiding antibiotic therapy.This reduces antibiotic pressure among organisms and hence development of resistance.
This study analyzed 8,749 clinical samples collected from July 2010 to December 2012 at a tertiary hospital in Odisha, India. Of these, 137 samples (3%) yielded Acinetobacter species. Most isolates were from pus/swabs (56.9%), blood (13.1%), and urine (12.4%). Risk factors for Acinetobacter infection included older age, hospitalization, longer hospital stays, comorbidities, and invasive procedures. Many isolates were multidrug-resistant (54.7% resistant to >3 antibiotic classes) or pan-drug resistant (5.8% resistant to all antibiotics tested). Isolates were most sensitive to imipenem, meropenem, and pip
This document discusses rapid detection of multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). It begins with an introduction to tuberculosis, including prevalence, causative bacteria, types of infection, and emergence of MDR-TB. It then describes the molecular mechanisms of rifampicin and isoniazid resistance. The objectives are to rapidly detect tuberculosis using molecular methods like line probe assay and GeneXpert. The results found both tests had 99% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The conclusions state these tests provide results within hours, allowing faster treatment compared to conventional methods.
Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria change in response to the use of these medicines. A growing number of infections – such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, gonorrhoea, and salmonellosis – are becoming harder to treat as the antibiotics used to treat them become less effective. Antibiotic resistance leads to longer hospital stays,higher medical costs and increased mortality.
GCMA-Tackling the menace of MDR gram negative pathogens with a novel BL-BLI-...Jigar Mehta
The patient presented with worsening respiratory status and fever. Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from BAL culture and rapid molecular testing detected OXA-48. OXA-48 is commonly reported in India and often co-produced with ESBLs. Given the detection of OXA-48 and the likelihood of ESBL co-production based on local epidemiology, ceftazidime-avibactam was initiated due to its activity against OXA-48 producers and many ESBLs.
Similar to Physical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Characterization of m-Toluic Acid: an Impact of Biofield Treatment (20)
Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Physical and Structural Properties of Bro...albertdivis
Bronze, a copper-tin alloy, widely utilizing in manufacturing of gears, bearing, and packing technologies due to its versatile physical, mechanical, and chemical properties. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on physical and structural properties of bronze powder.
Influence of Biofield Treatment on Physical and Structural Characteristics of...albertdivis
Barium oxide (BaO) and zinc sulfide (ZnS) are well known for their applications in electrical, optical and chemical industries. The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on the structural and physical properties of BaO and ZnS powder.
Physical and Structural Characterization of Biofield Treated Imidazole Deriva...albertdivis
The Aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on two imidazole derivatives (i.e., imidazole and 2-methylimidazole) by various analytical methods.
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The objective of the present research was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physical, spectral and thermal properties of 1,2,4-triazole.
Physical, Thermal and Spectroscopic Studies on Biofield Treated p-Dichloroben...albertdivis
This research article studied the effects of biofield treatment on para-dichlorobenzene (p-DCB). p-DCB is widely used as a chemical intermediate but has some limitations. X-ray diffraction analysis found an increase in crystallite size of the treated sample compared to the control. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed a reduction in the latent heat of fusion and melting point of the treated p-DCB. Thermogravimetric analysis found an increase in the maximum weight loss temperature of the treated sample, indicating increased thermal stability. However, UV-visible spectroscopy found no changes in the structural properties of the treated p-DCB. Overall, the study found that biofield treatment
Antibiogram Typing and Biochemical Characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae ...albertdivis
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Spectroscopic Characterization of Disodium Hydrogen Orthophosphate and Sodium...albertdivis
Disodium hydrogen orthophosphate is a water soluble white powder widely used as pH regulator and saline laxative. The sodium nitrate is a highly water soluble white solid, used in high blood pressure, dentinal hypersensitivity, and production of fertilizers. The present study was aimed to investigate the impact of biofield treatment on spectral properties of disodium hydrogen orthophosphate and sodium nitrate.
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Structural and Physical Properties of Biofield Treated Thymol and Mentholalbertdivis
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Metronidazole and tinidazole are widely used antimicrobial drugs against Gram-negative and Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria. The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on metronidazole and tinidazole using FT-IR and UV spectroscopy.
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When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
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Or: Beyond linear.
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Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
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2. Citation: Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Shettigar H, Gangwar M, et al. (2015) Antibiogram Typing and Biochemical Characterization of Klebsiella
Pneumonia after Biofield Treatment. J Trop Dis 3: 173. doi:10.4173/2329891X.1000173
Page 2 of 6
Volume 3 • Issue 4 • 1000173
J Trop Dis
ISSN: 2329-891X JTD, an open access journal
the biofield treatment has considerably altered the susceptibility of
antimicrobials and biotype of microbes [18-20]. By considering the
above mentioned facts and literature reports on biofield treatment,
the present work was undertaken to evaluate the impact of biofield
treatment on antimicrobials susceptibility, biochemical reactions
pattern, and biotype of MDR isolates of K. pneumoniae.
Materials and Methods
Experimental design and bacterial isolates
MDR clinical lab isolates (i.e. LS 2, LS 6, LS 7 and LS 14) of K.
pneumoniae were obtained from stored stock cultures in Microbiology
Lab, Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai. Each MDR strains was divided
into two groups i.e. control and treatment. The acceptability of the
identification media and antimicrobial agents were checked prior to the
study on microorganisms. The antimicrobial susceptibility, biochemical
reactions, and biotype number were evaluated on MicroScan Walk-
Away®
(Dade Behring Inc., West Sacramento, CA) using Negative
Breakpoint Combo 30 (NBPC 30) panel. The NBPC 30 panel was stored
at 2 to -25ºC. All antimicrobials and biochemicals were procured from
Sigma Aldrich, USA.
Biofield treatment strategy
Treatment groups of each strain, in sealed pack were handed over
to Mr. Trivedi for biofield treatment under laboratory conditions. Mr.
Trivedi provided the treatment through his energy transmission process
to the treated groups without touching the samples. The biofield treated
samples were returned in the similar sealed condition and analyzed
on day 10 using the standard protocols. The study was conducted on
automated MicroScan Walk-Away®
system (Dade Behring Inc., USA).
Evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility assay
Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of MDR lab isolates of K.
pneumoniae were studied using MicroScan Walk-Away®
using Negative
BreakPointCombo(NBPC30)panelaspermanufacturer’sinstructions.
The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern (S: Susceptible, I: Intermediate,
IB: Inducible β-lactamase; EBL: Suspected extended-spectrum β
-lactamases, and R: Resistant) and MIC values were determined by
observing the lowest antimicrobial concentration showing growth
inhibition [21]. The antimicrobials used in the susceptibility assay viz.
amikacin, amoxicillin/k-clavulanate, ampicillin/sulbactam, ampicillin,
aztreonam, cefazolin, cefepime, cefotaxime, cefotetan, cefoxitin,
ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, cephalothin, chloramphenicol,
ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, gentamicin, imipenem, levofloxacin,
meropenem, moxifloxacin, norfloxacin, nitrofurantoin piperacillin,
piperacillin/tazobactam, tetracycline, ticarcillin/K-clavulanate,
tobramycin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
Biochemical study
Biochemical studies of each MDR isolates of K. pneumoniae were
determined by MicroScan Walk-Away®
using NBPC 30 panel system
in both control and treated groups. Biochemicals used in the study
are acetamide, adonitol, arabinose, arginine, cetrimide, cephalothin,
citrate, colistin, esculin hydrolysis, nitrofurantoin, glucose, hydrogen
sulfide, indole, inositol, kanamycin, lysine, malonate, melibiose, nitrate,
oxidation-fermentation, galactosidase, ornithine, oxidase, penicillin,
raffinose, rhamnose, sorbitol, sucrose, tartarate, tryptophan deaminase,
tobramycin, urea, and Voges-Proskauer [21].
Identification by biotype number
The biotype number of each MDR isolates of K. pneumoniae in
control and treated sample were determined followed by identification
of microorganism by MicroScan Walk-Away®
processed panel data
report with the help of biochemical reaction data [21].
Results and Discussion
Antimicrobial susceptibility study
Results of antimicrobial sensitivity pattern and MIC values of
control and treated MDR isolates of K. pneumoniae are summarized
in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. All these changes were observed on 10
days after biofield treatment as compared to control group. Overall,
46.42% of tested antimicrobials out of twenty eight, showed alteration
in antimicrobial sensitivity pattern against biofield treated MDR
isolates of K. pneumoniae. All four MDR isolates, showed variations
in antimicrobial sensitivity assay viz. 32.14% in LS 2, 25% in LS 6,
17.85% in LS 7, and 28.57% in LS 14 against the tested antimicrobials
(Figure 1). Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are rapidly
evolved group of beta-lactamases enzyme, which confer resistance to
most beta-lactam antibiotics, including penicillins, cephalosporins,
monobactam and aztreonam. Apart from beta-lactam antibiotics,
ESBLs are also resistant to other classes of non-penicillin antibiotics
[22]. Beta-lactamases are enzymes that inactivates the antibiotic and are
present in almost all Gram-negative bacilli. However, some pathogenic
species, such as E. coli and Klebsiella spp., are not able to induce the
production of β-lactamase which varies from low to high level. In
some species, exposure to β-lactams will induced the production level
of β-lactamase, commonly results in resistance to these agents. These
inducible β-lactamases are frequently found in Enterobacter spp. [23].
Experimental results of antimicrobial sensitivity assay showed altered
sensitivity pattern in biofield treated clinical isolates of K. pneumonia.
Aztreonam, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone sensitivity
changed from EBL → R in LS 2 and LS 14. Sensitivity of amoxicillin/k-
clavulanate changed from S → R in LS 7 and LS 14, while S → IB and
I → R in LS 2 and LS 6 respectively. Cefotetan and cefoxitin found
changed sensitivity pattern from S → R in LS 7, and while S → IB in
LS 2. Sensitivity of cefotetan changed from I → R in LS 6 while S →
IB in LS 14. Chloramphenicol and imipenem sensitivity changed from
S → R in LS 6. Although, in imipenem sensitivity changed from S →
I in LS 6. Meropenem sensitivity changed from I → R and S → R in
LS 6 and LS 7 respectively. An increase in sensitivity was reported in
piperacillin/tazobactam and piperacillin i.e. from R → I in biofield
treated LS 6 as compared to control. Although, piperacillin/tazobactam
sensitivity changed from S → IB and S → I in LS 2 and LS 14 respectively.
Ticarcillin/K-clavulanate sensitivity altered from S → I and S → R in LS
2 and LS 14 respectively (Table 1). Rest of antimicrobials did not show
any change in sensitivity pattern after biofield treatment.
Determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
MIC values of all the clinical MDR isolates of control and biofield
treated K. pneumoniae are summarized in Table 2. MIC values were
decreased in case of piperacillin/tazobactam and piperacillin in LS
6 isolate only, while in rest of the antimicrobials, MIC values were
increased as compared to control. Overall, MIC results showed an
alteration in 30% tested antimicrobials (i.e. nine out of thirty) after
biofield treatment in clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae (Table 2 and
Figure 1). A decreased in MIC values in piperacillin/tazobactam and
piperacillin were reported along with increases antimicrobial sensitivity
after biofield treatment (64 µg/ml) in LS 6. Current treatment strategy
3. Citation: Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Shettigar H, Gangwar M, et al. (2015) Antibiogram Typing and Biochemical Characterization of Klebsiella
Pneumonia after Biofield Treatment. J Trop Dis 3: 173. doi:10.4173/2329891X.1000173
Page 3 of 6
Volume 3 • Issue 4 • 1000173
J Trop Dis
ISSN: 2329-891X JTD, an open access journal
S. No. Antimicrobial
LS 2 LS 6 LS 7 LS 14
C T C T C T C T
1 Amikacin S S R R R R S S
2 Amoxicillin/k-clavulanate S IB I R S R S R
3 Ampicillin/sulbactam R R R R R R R R
4 Ampicillin R R R R R R R R
5 Aztreonam EBL R EBL EBL EBL EBL EBL R
6 Cefazolin R R R R R R R R
7 Cefepime R R R R R R R R
8 Cefotaxime EBL R EBL EBL EBL EBL EBL R
9 Cefotetan S IB I R S R S IB
10 Cefoxitin S IB R R S R R R
11 Ceftazidime EBL R EBL EBL EBL EBL EBL R
12 Ceftriaxone EBL R EBL EBL EBL EBL EBL R
13 Cefuroxime R R R R R R R R
14 Cephalothin R R R R R R R R
15 Chloramphenicol S S S R R R I I
16 Ciprofloxacin S S R R R R R R
17 Gatifloxacin S S R R R R R R
18 Gentamicin R R R R R R R R
19 Imipenem S S S R S I S S
20 Levofloxacin S S R R R R R R
21 Meropenem S S I R S R S S
22 Moxifloxacin S S R R R R R R
23 Piperacillin R R R I R R R R
24 Piperacillin/tazobactam S IB R I R R S I
25 Tetracycline S S R R R R R R
26 Ticarcillin/k-clavulanate S I R R R R S R
27 Tobramycin R R R R R R R R
28 Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole S S R R R R R R
C: Control; T: Treatment; R: Resistant; I: Intermediate; S: Susceptible; LS: Lab Isolate; EBL: Suspected extended-spectrum beta-lactamases
Table 1: Effect of biofield treatment on multidrug resistant lab isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae to antimicrobial susceptibility.
against K. pneumoniae infections preferably uses cefoperazone/
sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam, and imipenem antimicrobials
[24]. Although, piperacillin/tazobactam antimicrobial agent is useful
and preferred in neonatal infections caused due to K. pneumoniae [25].
Biofield treatment in clinical isolate (LS 6) significantly increased the
sensitivity and decreased the MIC values of piperacillin/tazobactam
and piperacillin. In Enterobacteriaceae family, the most prevalent
mechanism of acquired resistance in β-lactam antibiotics (piperacillin/
tazobactam and piperacillin) are the production of β-lactamases [26].
Biofield treatment might act on enzymatic or genetic level which might
affects the β-lactamases production that may lead to alter the sensitivity
pattern of tested antimicrobials.
Biochemical and biotype number study
Biochemical study results of control and biofield treated groups
are summarized in Table 3 and Figure 1. Results showed that overall
15.15% change in tested biochemical reactions among 4 treated MDR
clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae as compared to control. Cetrimide
changed from (-) negative to (+) positive reaction in LS 6, LS 7, and LS
14 as compared to control. Voges-Proskauer changed from (+) positive
to (-) negative reaction in LS 2, LS 6, and LS 7. Indole changed from
(+) positive to (-) negative reaction in LS 7. Ornithine changed from
negative (-) to positive (+) reaction in LS 14. Rest of biochemicals did
not show any alteration in their reaction after biofield treatment. Voges-
Proskauer, citrate, arabinose, lysine, glucose, sucrose, malonate are the
standard positive reaction biochemical tests of K. pneumoniae while
hydrogen sulfide, indole, ornithine and cetrimide are the standard
negative reaction test. Biochemical reactions of control MDR isolates
of K. pneumoniae were well supported with literature data [27]. Based
on the biochemical results, significant alteration in biotype numbers
were observed in all the four biofield treated lab isolates i.e. LS 2, LS 6,
LS 7, and LS 14 as compared to control. New organism was identified
as Enterobacter aerogenes in LS 2 and LS 14 after biofield treatment
on day 10 with respect to control (Table 4). Biofield treatment as
an alternate and complementary medicine, increasingly used in
biomedical health care system such as reduction in pain and anxiety
[28]. However, National Center for Complementary and Alternative
Medicine/National Institute of Health (NCCAM/NIH), now defined
biofield therapies in subcategory of energy therapies as one of the
five complementary medicine domain [29]. Mr. Trivedi’s biofield
treatment in pathogenic microbes were extensively studied and had
shown significant alteration in the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern,
biochemical reactions, and biotype number [18,19]. Biofield treatment
might be responsible to do alteration in microorganism at genetic level
and/or enzymatic level, which may act on receptor protein. While
altering receptor protein, ligand-receptor/protein interactions may
also alter that could lead to show different phenotypic characteristics.
Hence a cascade of intra-cellular signals may be initiated, accelerated or
inhibited [30]. The overall observations showed that, biofield treatment
on MDR isolates of K. pneumoniae induced significant alteration in
antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, MIC values, biochemical reactions,
and biotype number.
5. Citation: Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Shettigar H, Gangwar M, et al. (2015) Antibiogram Typing and Biochemical Characterization of Klebsiella
Pneumonia after Biofield Treatment. J Trop Dis 3: 173. doi:10.4173/2329891X.1000173
Page 5 of 6
Volume 3 • Issue 4 • 1000173
J Trop Dis
ISSN: 2329-891X JTD, an open access journal
S. No. Code Biochemical
LS 2 LS 6 LS 7 LS 14
C T C T C T C T
1 ACE Acetamide - - - - - - - -
2 ADO Adonitol + + + + + + + +
3 ARA Arabinose + + + + + + + +
4 ARG Arginine - - - - - - - -
5 CET Cetrimide - - - + - + - +
6 CF8 Cephalothin + + + + + + + +
7 CIT Citrate + + + + + + + +
8 CL4 Colistin - - - - - - - -
9 ESC Esculin hydrolysis + + + + + + + +
10 FD64 Nitrofurantoin - - + + + + - -
11 GLU Glucose + + + + + + + +
12 H2S Hydrogen sulfide - - - + - - - -
13 IND Indole - - - - + - - -
14 INO Inositol + + + + + + + +
15 K4 Kanamycin + + + + + + + +
16 LYS Lysine + + + + + + + +
17 MAL Malonate + + + + + + + +
18 MEL Melibiose + + + + + + + +
19 NIT Nitrate + + + + - - + +
20 OF/G Oxidation-Fermentation + + + + + + + +
21 ONPG Galactosidase + + + + - - + +
22 ORN Ornithine - - - - - - - +
23 OXI Oxidase - - - - - - - -
24 P4 Penicillin + + + + + + + +
25 RAF Raffinose + + + + + + + +
26 RHA Rhamnose + + + + + + + +
27 SOR Sorbitol + + + + + + + +
28 SUC Sucrose + + + + + + + +
29 TAR Tartrate + + + + - - - -
30 TDA Tryptophan Deaminase - - - - - - - -
31 TO4 Tobramycin + + + + + + + +
32 URE Urea - - + + + + + +
33 VP Voges-Proskauer + - + - + - + +
C: Control; T: Treatment; LS: Lab Isolate; -: Negative; +: Positive
Table 3: Effect of biofield treatment on multidrug resistant lab isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae to the vital processes occurring in living organisms.
Isolate Group Biotype Number Organism Identification
LS 2
C 7770 4372 K. pneumoniae
T 7770 4272 Enterobacter aerogenes
LS 6
C 7774 4372 K. pneumoniae
T 7776 4272 K. pneumoniae
LS 7
C 7774 4362 K. pneumoniae
T 7774 4262 K. pneumoniae
LS 14
C 7774 4372 K. pneumoniae
T 7774 5372 Enterobacter aerogenes
C: Control; T: Treatment; LS: Lab Isolate
Table 4: Effect of biofield treatment on multidrug resistant lab isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae to distinguishing feature of the genotype
Conclusion
Overall data conclude that there has a significant impact of
biofield treatment on antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, MIC values,
biochemical reactions, and biotype number in all the four clinical
MDR lab isolates of K. pneumoniae. Based on the study outcome,
biofield treatment could be applied to alter the sensitivity pattern of
antimicrobials, against multi-drug resistance isolates of K. pneumoniae.
Acknowledgement
Authors gratefully acknowledged the whole team of PD Hinduja National
Hospital and MRC, Mumbai, Microbiology Lab for conducting experimental studies.
Authors would also thankful to Trivedi Science™, Trivedi Master Wellness™ and
Trivedi Testimonials for their generous support in experimental works.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no competing interest.
6. Citation: Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Shettigar H, Gangwar M, et al. (2015) Antibiogram Typing and Biochemical Characterization of Klebsiella
Pneumonia after Biofield Treatment. J Trop Dis 3: 173. doi:10.4173/2329891X.1000173
Page 6 of 6
Volume 3 • Issue 4 • 1000173
J Trop Dis
ISSN: 2329-891X JTD, an open access journal
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Citation: Trivedi MK, BrantonA, Trivedi D, Shettigar H, Gangwar M, et al. (2015)
Antibiogram Typing and Biochemical Characterization of Klebsiella Pneumonia
after Biofield Treatment. J Trop Dis 3: 173. doi:10.4173/2329891X.1000173
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