This document provides an introduction to instrumental analysis methods. It defines instrumental analysis as using physical property measurements to determine chemical composition. It classifies common instrumental methods as optical, electrochemical, or chromatography techniques. These methods work by using signal generators and transducers to measure interactions between matter and energy or electrical/electrochemical properties that provide information about sample composition. The document outlines the basic functions of instrumentation and the typical areas covered when explaining a specific instrumental method.

1. Company
LOGO
Instrumental AnalysisInstrumental Analysis
Lanzhou City University

2. Contents
 Introduction
 Introduction to Optical Methods
 Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
 Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
 The Absorption of Radiation: Ultraviolet and Visible
 Molecular Luminescence:Fluorometry and phosphorimetry
 The Absorption of Radiation: Infrared
 Introduction to Electrochemical Methods
 Potentiometry
 Polarography
 Introduction to Interphase Separations
 Gas Chromatography
 Liquid Chromatography

3. Chapter 1
Introduction
•Definition of Instrumental Analysis
•Classification
•Function
•Important Considerations

4. 1.1. The Definition of Instrumental Analysis
The science and art of determining the composition
of materials with the instrumental methods based
on a physical property characteristic of a particular
element or compound

5. Chemical Information → observable Signal
by determination of
physical properties

6. 1.2.
Physical Properties Useful in Instrumental Analysis
1. Interaction of Radiant Energy with Matter
2. Electrical or Electrochemical Properties
3. Inter phase Separation
4. Other Properties
Mechanical Properties
Thermal Properties
Nuclear Properties
Extensive Properties

7. 1.3.
Classification of Main Instrumental Methods
1. Optical Methods
Atomic: Absorption Spectroscopy,
Emission, Spectroscopy
Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Molecular: UV-Vis. Spectrophotometry
IR Spectroscopy
2. Electrochemical Methods
Potentiometry
Polarography
Voltammetry
3. Chromatography
Gas Chromatography
Liquid Chromatography

8. 1.4
Basic Function of Instrumentation
Signal Generators
Input Transducers
Signal Transformation Modules
Output Transducers

9. 1.5
Major Areas of an Instrumental Method
How the method “works”
Advantages and limitations of the method
Illustrative instrumentation
Applications
Problems
Bibliography

10. 1.5
Major Areas of an Instrumental Method
How the method “works”
Advantages and limitations of the method
Illustrative instrumentation
Applications
Problems
Bibliography