Buerger’s disease, also called thromboangiitis obliterans, is an inflammation of small- and medium-sized blood vessels. Although any artery can be affected, it usually presents with blockages of the arteries to the feet and hands, leading to pain and tissue damage.
The disease is found worldwide and can affect people of any race and age group. However, it mainly affects Asian and Middle Eastern men between the ages of 40 and 45 who heavily use, or have heavily used, tobacco products, including chewing tobacco.
There isn’t a cure for Buerger’s disease. However, the single-most important factor in improving symptoms and preventing its progression is quitting smoking.
In rare cases, the pain may be so severe that a surgical procedure called a sympathectomy may be performed to eliminate the pain.
Buerger's disease (thromboangiitis obliterans) is a rare disease of the arteries and veins in the arms and legs. In Buerger's disease, your blood vessels become inflamed, swell and can become blocked with blood clots (thrombi)
Bronchiectasis is a chronic, irreversible dilation of the bronchi and bronchioles. Or •Bronchiectasis is characterized by permanent, abnormal dilation of one or more large bronchBronchiectasis.
Buerger's disease (thromboangiitis obliterans) is a rare disease of the arteries and veins in the arms and legs. In Buerger's disease, your blood vessels become inflamed, swell and can become blocked with blood clots (thrombi)
Bronchiectasis is a chronic, irreversible dilation of the bronchi and bronchioles. Or •Bronchiectasis is characterized by permanent, abnormal dilation of one or more large bronchBronchiectasis.
Definition
Type of Hernia
risk factor
pathophysiology
diagnostic procedure
physical assessment
management for hernia
Nursing Diagnosis
Health Education
Lung abscess is a type of liquefactive necrosis of the lung tissue and formation of cavities (more than 2 cm) containing necrotic debris or fluid caused by microbial infection.
Definition
Type of Hernia
risk factor
pathophysiology
diagnostic procedure
physical assessment
management for hernia
Nursing Diagnosis
Health Education
Lung abscess is a type of liquefactive necrosis of the lung tissue and formation of cavities (more than 2 cm) containing necrotic debris or fluid caused by microbial infection.
This will tell you facts about a rare disease called the buergers disease or thromboangitis obliterans. this is the inflammation and thrombosis of the arteries and veins in the hands and feet. it is most common in the orient,southeast Asia,middle east and among African Americans. prevention is really very important.
PHYSIOTHERAPY IN COMMON VASCULAR CONDITIONS.pptxKunjalPardeshi1
Vascular disease includes any condition that affects your circulatory system, or system of blood vessels. This ranges from diseases of your arteries, veins and lymph vessels to blood disorders that affect circulation.
Blood vessels are elastic-like tubes that carry blood to every part of your body. Blood vessels include:
Arteries that carry blood away from your heart.
Veins that return blood back to your heart.
Capillaries, your tiniest blood vessels, which link your small veins and arteries, deliver oxygen and nutrients to your tissues and take away their waste.
Gaucher (go-SHAY) disease is the result of a buildup of certain fatty substances in certain organs, particularly your spleen and liver. This causes these organs to enlarge and can affect their function.The fatty substances also can build up in bone tissue, weakening the bone and increasing the risk of fractures.
Nephritis is a inflammation of kidney .
It is classified into various types like lupus nephritis ,interstitial nephritis , glomerulonephritis ,pyelonephritis.
Lupus nephritis is an inflammation of kidney due to autoimmune disorder named as lupus .
It is inflammation of lower urinary tract .
Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition that can cause you to experience episodes of extreme highs and extreme lows. These episodes are called mania and depression.
A phobia is an excessive and irrational fear reaction. If you have a phobia, you may experience a deep sense of dread or panic when you encounter the source of your fear. The fear can be of a certain place, situation, or object. Unlike general anxiety disorders, a phobia is usually connected to something specific
Eating disorders ( Anorexia nervosa and Bulimia nervosa)kalyan kumar
Eating disorders are a range of psychological conditions that cause unhealthy eating habits to develop. They might start with an obsession with food, body weight, or body shape.
In severe cases, eating disorders can cause serious health consequences and may even result in death if left untreated.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a treatment for certain mental illnesses. During this therapy, electrical currents are sent through the brain to induce a seizure.
The procedure has been shown to help people with clinical depression. It’s most often used to treat people who don’t respond to medication.
A sample is a subset of individuals from a larger population. Sampling means selecting the group that you will actually collect data from in your research.
The blood that flows through the fetus is actually more complicated than after the baby is born (normal heart). This is because the mother (the placenta) is doing the work that the baby’s lungs will do after birth.
The placenta accepts the blood without oxygen from the fetus through blood vessels that leave the fetus through the umbilical cord (umbilical arteries, there are two of them). When blood goes through the placenta it picks up oxygen. The oxygen rich blood then returns to the fetus via the third vessel in the umbilical cord (umbilical vein). The oxygen rich blood that enters the fetus passes through the fetal liver and enters the right side of the heart.
The oxygen rich blood goes through one of the two extra connections in the fetal heart that will close after the baby is born.
The hole between the top two heart chambers (right and left atrium) is called a patent foramen ovale (PFO). This hole allows the oxygen rich blood to go from the right atrium to left atrium and then to the left ventricle and out the aorta. As a result the blood with the most oxygen gets to the brain.
Blood coming back from the fetus’s body also enters the right atrium, but the fetus is able to send this oxygen poor blood from the right atrium to the right ventricle (the chamber that normally pumps blood to the lungs). Most of the blood that leaves the right ventricle in the fetus bypasses the lungs through the second of the two extra fetal connections known as the ductus arteriosus.
The ductus arteriosus sends the oxygen poor blood to the organs in the lower half of the fetal body. This also allows for the oxygen poor blood to leave the fetus through the umbilical arteries and get back to the placenta to pick up oxygen.
Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder. People with this disorder experience distortions of reality, often experiencing delusions or hallucinations.
The exact cause of schizophrenia isn't known, but a combination of genetics, environment and altered brain chemistry and structure may play a role.
Schizophrenia is characterised by thoughts or experiences that seem out of touch with reality, disorganised speech or behaviour and decreased participation in daily activities. Difficulty with concentration and memory may also be present.
Treatment is usually lifelong and often involves a combination of medications, psychotherapy and coordinated speciality care services.
Nephrotic syndrome happens when damage to your kidneys causes these organs to release too much protein into your urine.
Nephrotic syndrome isn’t itself a disease. Diseases that damage blood vessels in your kidneys cause this syndrome.
Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by the following:
A high amount of protein present in the urine (proteinuria)
high cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood (hyperlipidemia)
Low levels of a protein called albumin in the blood (hypoalbuminemia)
Swelling (edema), particularly in your ankles and feet, and around your eyes.
Endometrial cancer is a type of uterine cancer that starts in the inner lining of the uterus. This lining is called the endometrium.
According to the National Cancer Institute, approximately 3 in 100 women will be diagnosed with uterine cancer at some point in their lives. More than 80 percent of people with uterine cancer survive for five years or longer after receiving the diagnosis.
If you have endometrial cancer, early diagnosis and treatment increases your chances of remission.
Bladder cancer occurs in the tissues of the bladder, which is the organ in the body that holds urine. According to the National Institutes of Health, approximately 45,000 men and 17,000 women per year are diagnosed with the disease.
A pacemaker is an electrically charged medical device. Your surgeon implants it under your skin to help manage irregular heartbeats called arrhythmias.
Modern pacemakers have two parts. One part, called the pulse generator, contains the battery and the electronics that control your heartbeat. The other part is one or more leads to send electrical signals to your heart. Leads are small wires that run from the pulse generator to your heart.
Pacemakers generally treat two types of arrhythmias:
Tachycardia, a heartbeat that’s too fast
Bradycardia, a heartbeat that’s too slow.
Before receiving a pacemaker, you’ll need several tests. These tests can ensure that a pacemaker is the right choice for you.
An echocardiogram uses sound waves to measure the size and thickness of your heart muscle.
For an electrocardiogram, a nurse or doctor places sensors on your skin that measure your heart’s electrical signals.
For Holter monitoring, you wear a device that tracks your heart rhythm for 24 hours.
A stress test monitors your heart rate while you exercise.
Psychosocial aspects (Cancer patients has to cope with a variety of stressors)kalyan kumar
A diagnosis of cancer begins a long journey that can affect physical health, mental well-being, and relationships with loved ones. While getting treatment for the physical aspects of cancer, patients should not neglect the emotional issues associated with cancer. One of the best things patients can do to improve their quality of life is to learn more about their cancer. This can make the disease seem less mysterious and frightening. Information from your doctor and other credible sources can be very helpful in this respect.
Nursing Care plan ( History collection format )kalyan kumar
The care plan is a written document (either electronic or paper-based) that is used and altered constantly throughout the day. It’s based on a ‘template’ which defines the areas the care plan covers. Some templates are very simple and focus on the essentials of care – nutrition, mobility, sleeping, positioning, oral care and personal hygiene, for instance – while others can be very detailed and might include sections on issues like falls prevention, psychological needs, recording of clinical signs, communication and information.
Sutures are used by your doctor to close wounds to your skin or other tissues. When your doctor sutures a wound, they’ll use a needle attached to a length of “thread” to stitch the wound shut.
There are a variety of available materials that can be used for suturing. Your doctor will choose a material that’s appropriate for the wound or procedure.
The different types of sutures can be classified in many ways.
First, suture material can be classified as either absorbable or nonabsorbable.
Absorbable sutures don’t require your doctor to remove them. This is because enzymes found in the tissues of your body naturally digest them.
Nonabsorbable sutures will need to be removed by your doctor at a later date or in some cases left in permanently.
A stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures and bleeds, or when there’s a blockage in the blood supply to the brain. The rupture or blockage prevents blood and oxygen from reaching the brain’s tissues.
Without oxygen, brain cells and tissue become damaged and begin to die within minutes. Check out exactly how stroke effects the body.
Strokes fall into three main categories: transient ischemic attack (TIA), ischemic stroke, and hemorrhagic stroke.
The MRI will help see if any brain tissue or brain cells have been damaged. A CT scan will provide a detailed and clear picture of your brain that shows any bleeding or damage in the brain. It may also show other brain conditions that could be causing your symptoms.
Nursing is a profession within the health care sector focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life. Nurses may be differentiated from other health care providers by their approach to patient care, training, and scope of practice.
Professional etiquette is critical for presenting yourself as a polished, confident, and professional nurse.
Anesthesia is a state of controlled, temporary loss of sensation or awareness that is induced for medical purposes.
Local anesthetics block the nerves that connect a particular body part or region to the brain, preventing the nerves from carrying pain signals to your brain. Examples include novocaine shots, which dentists use to numb the nerves in your mouth during a root canal, and epidurals, which allow for a (relatively) painless childbirth by blocking the nerves that originate at the base of the spinal cord and serve the pelvic region.
For serious surgeries that require a patient to be completely unaware, doctors turn to general anesthesia. This renders patients unconscious with no perception or memory of the surgery (though pain from the surgical procedure will be apparent once you wake up). It also limits the physiological responses to surgical cuts, keeping blood pressure, stress hormone release and heart rate constant during the procedure.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
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Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
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Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
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- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
3. Definition
• Buerger's disease is a type of vasculitis in which there
is inflammation of the arteries and veins of the hands or
feet. Buerger's disease also called thromboangiitis
obliterans.
4. THE CAUSE OF BUERGER'S DISEASE
• Smoking and the use of chewing tobacco.
• It is theorized that tobacco triggers an autoimmune
reaction, in which the body's immune system mistakes
healthy tissues as potentially dangerous invades into
the body and attacks them.
• This causes inflammation and the development of clots
in the arteries and veins of the hands and feet that are
characteristic of Buerger's disease.
• Buerger's disease occurs most often in young adult men
who are heavy cigarette smokers.
5. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
• Healthy arteries and veins are critical to supplying vital
oxygen and nutrients to cells and tissues and removing
waste products.
• This circulation is key to the health of the cells and
tissues of the hands and feet.
• Buerger's disease interferes with circulation leading to
ischemia of cells and tissues.
• In ischemia, cells are unable to reproduce normally
recover effectively from injury,and fight infection.
6. SYMPTOMS OF BUERGER'S DISEASE
• Pain in the hands and feet and the development of
sores or lesions that do not heal.
• If Buerger's disease is left untreated, gangrene
(tissue death) can occur.
• Intermittent leg pains
• Leg numbness
• Leg tingling
• Leg burning
• Leg paresthesias
7. DIAGNOSIS
• Medical history
• Tobacco use history
• Physical examination
• Diagnosis of Buerger's disease is based on medical history
and examination combined with ruling out a variety of
other diseases and conditions, such as Raynaud's
phenomenon and other types of vasculitis.
• CBC
• A test called an angiogram may be performed to assist in
diagnosis of Buerger's disease.
• An angiogram is an imaging test that creates a picture of the
arteries and can reveal the artery damage and blockages in
the hands and feet that are typical of Buerger's disease.
8. TREATMENT
• Buerger's disease can often be successfully treated
before the development of complications.
• Treatment involves quitting smoking.
• Low cholesterol diet
• Low salt diet
• Physical exercise
• Control weight
• Surgical- Sympathectomy [Transection of
nerve,ganglion]
9. Complications
• Review possible medical complications related to
Buerger's disease:
• Leg blood clots
• locked leg arteries
• Finger ulcers
• Toe ulcers
• Toe gangrene
• Foot gangrene
10. NURSING MANAGEMENT
• Assessing & monitoring anti coagulant therapy
• Providing comfort
• Applying elastic compression stocking
• Positioning the body & encouraging exercise
• Identify risk factors predisposing patient to DVT,
reevaluate status frequently
• Implement ordered prophylactic regimen Non-
pharmacological & pharmacological
• Assess all of the patients extremities on a regular basis
• Encourage early ambulation & active leg exercise every
hour the patient is awake .
• Monitor for low grade fever to detect thrombophlebitis
• Encourage fluid intake.
• Use of knee gatch (or) pillows under the knees.
11. NURSING DIAGNOSIS
• Acute pain related to venous congestion,impaired
venous return and inflammation.
• Ineffective health maintenance related to lack of
knowledge about disorder and its treatment.
• Risk for impaired skin integrity related to peripheral
tissue perfusion.
• Risk for potential bleeding related to anticoagulant
therapy.