Boiler

Md.Arifull Hoque Shaheen
Jr.Assistant Manager (chemical)
410MW CCPP Bheramara,Khustia
Bangladesh.
BOILER

Bangladesh.
BOILER
A steam boiler or steam generator is a closed vessel in which water is heated,
vaporized and converted into steam at a pressure higher than atmospheric
pressure.
A Boiler is the biggest and most critical part of a thermal power plant.
Definition of Boiler according to IBR Act 1923 (Indian Boiler Regulation), A steam
boiler means any closed vessel exceeding 22.75 liters in capacity and which is used
expressively for generating steam under pressure.

Bangladesh.
What is a Boiler?
A pressure vessel that provides a heat transfer surface (generally a set of
tubes) between the combustion products and the water. A boiler is usually
integrated into a system with many components.
Boiler is a closed vessel in which water or other liquid is heated, steam or vapor is
generated, steam is superheated, or any combination thereof, under pressure or
vacuum, for use external to itself, by the direct application of energy from the combustion
of fuels, from electricity or nuclear energy.

Bangladesh.
Why use a Boiler?
Boilers are used to produce steam. The generation part of a steam system
uses a boiler to add energy to a feedwater supply to generate steam. The
energy is released from the combustion of fossil fuels or from process waste
heat.

Bangladesh.
Where are Boilers Used?
Anywhere you are creating heat and/or steam, you will probably find a boiler.
ABMA members produce large boilers for the commercial, industrial, utility
sector and more. Boiler systems are used to create pulp & paper, generate
electricity and process foods. The complexity significantly increases as you
increase the size and need for greater performance of the boiler system.

Bangladesh.
Where are Boilers Used?
The Boilers have a very wide application in different industries such as
● Power Sector
● Textiles
● Plywood
● Food Processing Industry
● FMCG
● Sugar Plants
● Thermal Power Plants

Bangladesh.
Types of Boiler and Classiﬁcations of Boiler:
1. According to the position of water and hot gasses
● Fire Tube Boiler-The Fire-tube Boiler is considered one of the simplest types of
boiler, and this proposal is very out-of-date. It was common in the period of the
eighteenth. It is mainly used in vapor locomotives
● Water Tube Boiler-Water-tube boilers are mainly used to produce high pressure
and temperatures steam.
● Combi Boiler-These boiler types work as a water heater and central heating
boiler in the same compact unit.

Bangladesh.
Fire Tube Boiler

Bangladesh.
Water Tube Boiler

Bangladesh.
2. According to Axis of Shell
● Horizontal Boiler
● Vertical Boiler

Bangladesh.
Horizontal Boiler

Bangladesh.
Vertical Boiler

Bangladesh.
3. According to the position of the boiler
● External Fired Boiler
● Internally Fired Boiler

Bangladesh.
External Fired Boiler & Internally Fired Boiler

Bangladesh.
4. According to the pressure
● Low-Pressure Boiler
● High-Pressure Boiler
5. According to the method of circulation
● Natural Circulation Boiler
● forced Circulation Boiler
6. According to use of boilers
● Mobile Boiler
● Stationary Boiler

Bangladesh.
7. According to drums
● Single drum Boiler
● Multi drum Boiler
8. According to the nature of drought
● Forced drought Boiler
● Natural drought Boiler
9. According to furnace
● Single furnace Boiler
● Dual furnace Boiler

Bangladesh.
10. According to fuel ﬁring
● Solid fuel-fired Boiler
● Liquid fuel-fired Boiler
● Gaseous fuel-fired Boiler

Bangladesh.
Boiler Fuel Types
● LDO(Light diesel oil)
● Furnace oil
● LPG
● LNG
● PNG can be used to carry out the combustion for a specific purpose.
● Wood
● Coal
● Briquettes
● Pet Coke
● Rice Husk

Bangladesh.
Components of a Boiler Systems
Boiler design is made up of 3 main components–
● Feed water system
● Steam system
● Fuel system

Bangladesh.
1. Boiler Feedwater System
There are two types of feedwater systems in boilers:
● Open feed System
● Closed feed system
There are two main sources of feed water:
● Condensed steam returned from the processes
● Raw water arranged from outside the boilers plant processes ( Called:
Makeup Water)

Bangladesh.
2. Boiler Steam System
Steam System is a kind of main controlling system of boilers process. Steam
Systems are responsible to collect & control all generated steam in the process.
Steam systems send steam generated in the process to the point of use through
pipes ( piping system). Throughout the process, steam pressure is controlled and
regulated with the help of boilers system parts such as valves, steam pressure
gauges, etc.

Bangladesh.
3. Boilers Fuel System
Fueling is the heart of boilers process & fuel system consists of all the necessary
components and equipment to feed fuel to generate the required heat. The
equipment required in the fuel system depends on the type of fuel used in the
system.

Bangladesh.
What are the major components of the Boiler System?
The boiler itself is a main component of a generation system that also includes the fuel supply,
combustion air system, feedwater system, and exhaust gases venting system. ABMA members
also manufacture the following components.
● Burner
● Controls
● Deaerator
● Economizer
● Fan
● Heat Exchanger
● Instrumentation
● Stoker
● Tubes

Bangladesh.
THANK YOU SO MUCH

Boiler

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