The summer internship presentation by Abhishek Jain focuses on mechanical machinery at Bharat Oman Refineries Limited (BORL), a joint venture that produces various automotive fuels. The refinery, inaugurated in 2011, has a processing capacity of 6 million metric tons per annum and employs advanced mechanical systems including boilers, pumps, compressors, valves, and heat exchangers. Additionally, the presentation details the technology used and the operational efficiencies achieved through innovative machinery and processes.

1. SUMMER INTERNSHIP PRESENTATION
presentation by:-
ABHISHEK JAIN
110106006
FINAL YEAR
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL AND AUTOMOBILE engineering,
Sharda university, greater noida

2. SUMMER INTERNSHIP presentation ON “Mechanical
machinery” AT BHARAT OMAN REFINERY LIMITED, BINA

3. INTRODUCTION
 Bharat Oman Refineries Limited is a joint venture of Bharat Petroleum Corporation
Limited and Oman Oil Company.
 The project was first conceived in early 1990’s , commissioned in 2006 and finally
inaugurated in May 2011 by Former Prime Minister of India, Mr. Manmohan Singh.
 It was the 19th refinery of India and the first in Central India.
 The estimated cost of establishment of Refinery is around 91 billion Indian rupee.
 BORL has a capacity of processing 6MMTPA or 120,000 barrels crude oil per day.
 BORL is designed to produce greener auto fuels meeting Euro-III & Euro-IV
specifications. Besides Motor Spirit and Diesel the company’s product includes
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), Naphtha, Kerosene and Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF).
 BORL has been certified ISO-9001:2008 and ISO 14001:2004 for Quality
Improvement , Health and Safety.

4. Overview of refinery :-
1. Crude Import & Handling facility - comprising a Single Point Mooring (SPM) system
capable of receiving VLCC and a Crude Oil Terminal (COT) at Vadinar, District-
Jamnagar(Gujarat).
2. Cross country pipeline & terminals- a 935 km cross country crude oil pipeline (24
inches diameter) from Vadinar to Bina and a crude receiving terminal at Bina. The
company also operates a modern product dispatch terminal which has Road, Rail and pipe
line facilities for efficient product evacuation to various locations. The company’s
facilities are strategically connected to the high demand product markets of Central and
Northern India through a 265 KM long pipeline “Bina-Kota Pipeline” which joins BPCL’s
pipeline at Piyala near New Delhi.

5. 3. The Company uses state of art technology from renowned Licensors and Designers and
operates modern facilities at its location. The Process units which make up the Refinery
Configuration of the company are as follows: -

6. Major Products OF BORL:-
 Liquefied Petroleum Gas(LPG)
 Euro III Motor Spirit (MS)
 Euro IV Motor Spirit (MS)
 Aviation Turbine Fuel(ATF)
 Euro III HSD
 Euro IV HSD
 Sulphur
 Pet Coke
 Naphtha

7. Mechanical MACHINERY AT BORL :-
 Circulating Fluidised Bed Combustion Boilers
 Pumps
 Compressor
 Valves
 Heat Exchangers
 Workshop Machinery

8. Captive power plant :-
As part of utilities and to meet the
energy requirement, Captive Power
Plant (CPP) is established. Here CPP is
synonymous of cogeneration it produces
two forms of energy i.e. electric power
and steam. CPP is of 3 x33 MW
capacities & 3 x 275 Tons /hr steam
generating facilities. The CPP shall be
Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion
(CFBC) type Boiler based Power plant ,
generating power through Steam
Turbine Generators using Petroleum
Coke as main fuel. Petroleum coke shall
be produced in one of the refinery
process units i.e. Delayed Coker Unit as
a high calorific value resulting in lower
operating cost.

9. Circulating Fluidised Bed Combustion Boiler:-
The CFBC boiler are simplified, cost-effective
and efficient improved
performance boilers.
Benefits of CFBC Boilers include
high combustion efficiency, high
reliability and availability, low
maintenance costs, reduced erosion,
enormous fuel flexibility and low
emissions.

10. Schematic Diagram of CFBC Boiler:-

11. Advantages of CFBC Boilers:-
 Fuel Flexibility
 Improved Combustion Efficiency
 In-site Pollution Control & Reduced Emissions
 Operating Flexibility
 Simplified Fuel Feeding
 Better Efficiency
 Proven Technology
 Easy to operate/Maintain
 High reliability

12. PUMPS

13. What is Pump ?????
A pump is a mechanical device that add energy to the moving fluids or sometimes
slurries by mechanical action. Pumps can be classified into three major groups
according to the method they use to move the fluid: direct lift, displacement, and gravity
pumps.
Pumps operate via many energy sources and by some mechanism (typically
reciprocating or rotary), and consume energy to perform mechanical work by moving
the fluid by manual operation, electricity, engine or wind power.
Applications of Pumps in BORL:-
1. For circulation of cooling water.
2. For pump the fluid (crude oil, VGO, diesel etc.) in reactors, coulombs etc. with high
pressure.
3. In liquid storage tanks.

14. COMPRESSOR

15. What is Compressor ????
A gas compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by
reducing its volume.
Compressors are similar to pumps, both increase the pressure on a fluid and both can
transport the fluid through a pipe. As gases are compressible, the compressor also
reduces the volume of a gas.
In pipeline compressors of natural gas to move the gas from the production site to the
consumer.
In oil refineries, natural gas processing, petrochemical and chemical plants.
In processing and transporting of harmful gases like Hydrogen and CNG.

16. Valves
A valve is a mechanical device which regulates either the flow or the pressure of the
fluid. Its function can be stopping or starting the flow, controlling flow rate, diverting
flow, preventing back flow, controlling pressure, or relieving pressure.
Valves used in BORL:-
 Gate valve
 Ball valve
 Butterfly valve
 Plug valve
 Globe valve

17. GATE VALVE
Gate valves have an extended use in the
petrochemical industry due to the fact that
they can work with metal-metal sealing.
They are used in clean flows –ie- mainly for
on/off control, with low pressure drop.
When the valve is fully opened, the free
valve area coincides with area of the pipe,
therefore the head lose of the valve is small.

18. BALL VALVE
Ball valve is used on/off control without
pressure drop, and ideal for quick shut-off,
since a 90° turn offers complete shut-off
angle, compared to multiple turns required
on most manual valves.
Depending on the type of body the ball
valve can be more or less easily
maintained. Drop pressure relative its hole
size is low.
They are used in steam, water, oil, gas, air,
corrosive fluids, and can also handle
slurries and dusty dry fluids.

19. Butterfly Valve
Butterfly valve is used for flow regulation in
large pipe diameters.
Butterfly valves geometry is simple,
compact and revolute, therefore it is a cheap
valve to manufacture and to use in industry.
Butterfly valves can work with any kind of
fluid , gas , liquid and also with solids in
suspension.

20. PLUG VALVE
Plug Valve is used for on/off control
and flow divert but with some pressure
drop.
They can handle fluids with solids in
suspension.
It require high maintenance cost and
require more time for maintenance

21. GLOBAL VALVE
Global Valve is very good valve for
regulating flow.
Globe valve is used where control of
fluid flow or pressure is required and
it can be operated in any position
between open and closed.

22. HEAT EXCHANGERS
A heat exchanger is a piece of equipment built for efficient heat transfer from one
medium to another. The media may be separated by a solid wall, so that they never
mix, or they may be in direct contact .
Heat Exchangers are classified on the basis on Flow Arrangement:-
1. Parallel Flow Heat Exchanger
2. Counter Flow Heat Exchanger
3. Cross Flow Heat Exchanger

24. BIBLIOGRAPHY
 BORL website –ie- http://www.borl.in
 BORL Pump Data Sheet
 BORL Workshop Manual Sheet
 BORL CPP Manual Sheet
 http://www.blackmersmartenergy.com/comparativedata/centr ifugal-pumps-vs-positive-
displacement-pumps.html
 http://www.pumpschool.com
 http://www.webbpump.com/
 http://water.me.vccs.edu/
 http://valveproducts.net/industrial-valves