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Biofuel and its importance
This presentation discusses biofuels as an alternative renewable energy source. It begins by outlining the global energy crisis and increasing demand for energy. The presentation then defines biofuels as fuels derived from biological resources like plant biomass. Biofuels are presented as a way to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and lower greenhouse gas emissions. The main types of biofuels discussed are biodiesel, bioalcohol, vegetable oils, biogas, and syngas. Advantages and disadvantages of biodiesel production and use are also summarized.
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Biofuel and its importance
- 1. PRESENTATION ON BIOFUEL BY Md. Shahinur Rahaman
- 2. INTRODUCTION Twohundred years ago, the world experienced an energy revolution that launched the Industrial Age. After two hundreds years, the industrialized world's thirst for energy had increased tremendously, that causes a serious energy crisis.
- 3. WHY ENERGY ISA CRISIS?
- 4. WORLD ENERGY SCENARIO 1% 7% 2% 11% 35% Oil Coal Natural gas 21% Renewable source Nuclear Hydro Other sources 24%
- 5.
- 6. TWO TYPES ENERGYSOURCES Sources Renewable Non- renewable
- 7. Non-renewable Renewable • Oil • Solar energy • Natural gas • Hydro power • Coal • Biofuel • Biomass • Tidal energy • Wind energy • Geothermal • Nuclear energy
- 8.
- 9. WHY RENEWABLE ENERGY? Thefast growing population, rapid modernization and industrialization have relentlessly increased the demand of energy in developing countries like Bangladesh. The current demand of energy in Bangladesh is mostly met from non-renewable resources such as natural gas and coal. Since these sources are non-renewable in nature, the reserve will be depleted one day. In addition, the dependency on these fossil fuels, which are largely been imported, has serious implications on economy and environment. Fossil fuels are coming to the end, scientist say that up to 2040,all the resources of fossil fuels will be finished. So for this reason scientist are focus their view on the alternative renewable energy resource such as solar energy, biogas, biodiesel, wind power, tidal energy etc.
- 11. WHAT IS BIOFUEL? A biofuel is a type of fuel whose energy is derived from biological carbon fixation. In other words, Fuel which produced from renewable biological resources such as plant biomass and treated municipal and industrial waste.
- 12.
- 13. WHY BIOFUELS? Therefore, thereare many reasons why we are interested in biofuels: To reduce our dependence on fossil fuels To reduce reliance on foreign oil To lower emissions of greenhouse gases To bring business to rural economics
- 14. ADVANTAGES OF BIOFUELS 1.Thereis no emission of hazardous gases 2.Locally available in every region of the world. 3.Friendly with the environment, so they do not cause global warming 4.The energy release per unit mass of biofuel is greater than the energy released from the unit mass of fossil fuels.
- 18. TWO METHODS TOFORM BIOFUEL : A) SUGAR CROPS AND STARCH ARE GROWN AND THROUGH PROCESS OF FERMENTATION, ETHANOL IS PRODUCED.
- 19. B) PLANTS AREGROWN NATURALLY TO PRODUCE OIL LIKE ALGAE. - OILS ARE HEATED TO REDUCE VISCOSITY, THEN DIRECTLY USE AS FUEL FOR DIESEL ENGINES
- 21. THEY CAN BEDIVIDED INTO THREE CATEGORIES First generation Biofuel • Made from sugar, starch, and vegetable oil. Second generation Biofuel • Made from non-edible plant materials. Third generation Biofuel • Made from algae and microbes.
- 22.
- 23. FIRST GENERATION Biodiesel Vegetable Biogas Oil Bioalcohols Syngas
- 24.
- 25. BIODIESEL Biodiesel is a famous biofuel in Europe Produced from oils or fats using trans-esterification after mixing the biomass with methanol and sodium hydroxide. methanol and sodium hyrox Produced after mixing the biomass with methanol and sodium hyroxide Used for car diesel engi PrProduced after mixing the biomass with methanol and sodium hyroxide Used for car diesel engines oduced after mixing the biomass with methanol and sodium hyroxide Used for car diesel engines
- 26. MAKING BIODIESEL Inputs: Fat/Vegetable Oil (“Feedstock”) Methanol/Ethanol Catalyst - “Lye” (Sodium Hydroxide or Potassium Hydroxide) Water Outputs: Biodiesel Dirty Water Glycerine
- 27. Bio-diesel feed stock: Coconut seeds Palm Coconut Palm seeds Jatropha curcas Pond Algae Rapeseed/ Mustard seed Sunflower Corn Soybean Peanuts Algae Used restaurant oil Animal fats Rapeseeds Jatropha seeds Sunflower seeds Soybean seeds Corn
- 28.
- 29. APPLICATION OF BIODIESEL car diesel engine effective solvent oxygenated fuel
- 30. ADVANTAGES OF BIODIESEL Biodiesel can be termed clean fuel as it does not contain carcinogens and its sulphur content is also lesser than the mineral diesel. It possesses high biodegradability and lubricating property Improves engine efficiency and operating life cycle. Domestic resource, Readily mixes with petroleum diesel fuel in any ratio Higher flash point makes it safer in transport and storage; Greatly reduces particulate matter and carbon monoxide emissions.
- 31. DISADVANTAGES OF BIODIESEL Higherproduction cost. Biodiesel is more likely than petroleum diesel to attract moisture. Poor low temperature properties.
- 32.
- 33. BIOALCOHOLS Biologicallyproduced alcohols, most commonly ethanol, and less commonly propanol and butanol. Synthesis: Bioalcohols are produced by the action of microorganisms and enzymes through the fermentation of sugars or starches (easiest), or cellulose (which is more difficult).
- 34. APPLICATION OF BIO-ETHANOL Petrol engines as a replacement for gasoline fireplaces fuel for vehicles Ethanol fuel is the most commonly used bio-fuel in the world and particularly in Brazil
- 35.
- 36. VEGETABLE OIL Generallyused for cooking purpose. It is used in several old diesel engines that have indirect injection systems. Vegetable oil is mainly used for the production of biodiesel.
- 37.
- 39. APPLICATION OF BIOGAS To produce Electricity Cooking purpose to heat the digester space heating water heating process heating.
- 40. SYNGAS Gas mixture ofCO , CO2 and H i s2 pr oduced by par t i al combust i on of bi omass. This is a gas that is produce after the combined process of A)gasification B)combustion C)pyrolysis .
- 41. APPLICATION OF SYNGAS C be used t o produce methanol an and hydrogen C be used t o gener at e an el ect r i ci t y
- 42. CONCLUSION Biofuel production has lead to : rural electrification improving agriculture job creation power to local community
Editor's Notes
- #30 contains a reduced amount of carbon and higher hydrogen and oxygen content than fossil diesel