You can understand about- What is Bio Fuel? Why we use it? Examples of Bio Fuel. Life cycle & Classification of Bio Fuel. Current States of Bio Fuel. Future of it. Disadvantages of Bio Fuel.

1. SUB:-RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY
SEC:-[A]
MID TERM PRESENTATION
on
“BIO-FUEL”

2. Prepared For
AHMED MORTUZA SALEQUE
Faculty of EEE Department
Group members :- GROUP #03
Name ID
KABIR, SHARIF RAIHAN 12-21365-2
TURASH, TASNEEM AHMED 12-21072-1
JUBYER, KAZI MD. 12-22063-2
ALAM, MIM SHAH NEWAJ 12-21951-2
SARKER, MD. AZAZUL HAQ 12-21448-2
RAHMAN, MD. NAHID 12-21770-2

3. FUELS
• Fuels are any materials that store potential
energy which can be practically released and used
as heat energy.
• Fuels are required for a variety of purposes, but are
utilized mainly for..
o Transportation and
o Power Generation .

4. WHAT IS BIO FUEL?
• Any hydrocarbon fuel that is produced from organic
matter (living or once living material) in a short
period of time (days, weeks, or even months) is
considered as Biofuel.
• Bio fuels energy is derived from biological carbon
fixation.
• Bio fuels include fuels derived from biomass
conversion as well as solid biomass, liquidfuel .

5. COMMON EXAMPLES OF BIO-FUELS
ETHANOL
VEGETABLE OIL
ANIMAL FATS
GREEN DIESEL
COW DUNG etc.

6. WHY BIO-FUEL ?
• Environment Aspect :
 Renewable, Sustainable
 Reducing Greenhouse effects
 Cleanly Burning
• Socio-economic Aspect :
 Increasing Energy Security
 Boosting Profitability of Agriculture
 Controlling Wastes

7. LIFE CYCLE OF BIO-FUEL

8. CLASSIFICATION OF BIO-FUEL
 FIRST GENERATION BIO-FUELS
 SECOND GENERATION BIO-
FUELS

9. FIRST GENERATION BIO-FUELS
• They are also called as conventional bio-fuel.
• The first generation biofuels refer to the fuels that have been
derived from sources like starch, sugar, animal fats and
vegetable oil. The oil is obtained using the conventional
techniques of production
 FIRST GENERATION BIO-FUELS ARE:
i. BIO-DIESEL
ii. GREEN-DIESEL
iii. BIO-ETHERS
iv. BIO-GAS
v. SYN-GAS

10. FIRST GENERATION BIO-FUELS contt.
• BIO-DIESEL:
 Alternative fuel for diesel engines
 Made from vegetable oil or animal fat
 Meets health effect testing (CAA)
 Lower emissions, High flash point (>300F)
 Biodegradable, Essentially non-toxic.
 This is mostly used in European countries
 It is mineral acid and chemically known as fatty acid methyl
 It is very commonly used when it is mixed with mineral oil

11. FIRST GENERATION BIO-FUELS contt.
• GREEN-DIESEL:
 It is also called as renewable diesel.
 It is a form of diesel fuel which is derived from renewable
feedstock rather than the fossil.
 Green diesel feedstock can be sourced from a variety of oils
including canola, algae, and Salicornia in addition to tallow
 it is chemically similar to traditional diesel fuel. So green
diesel can be used in today's tanks, trucks, pumps and
automobiles.

12. FIRST GENERATION BIO-FUELS contt.
• BIO-ETHERS:
 Bio-ether is made from either wheat or sugar beet. It can also
be produced from the waste glycerol that results from the
production of biodiesel.
 They are also cost efficient and they reduce engine wear and
toxic exhaust emissions.
 Its energy density is about half of standard diesel.
Fig: Bio-ether lab

13. FIRST GENERATION BIO-FUELS contt.
• BIO-GAS:
 It is methane produce by the anaerobic Digestion of
anaerobes.
 Biogas is a mixture consisting of 65% methane (CH4) and of
35% CO2. It is a renewable energy resulting from biomass.
 Biogas can be recovered from mec. biological treatment waste
processing systems.
 Farmers can produce biogas from manure from their cows by
using an anaerobic digester

14. FIRST GENERATION BIO-FUELS contt.

15. FIRST GENERATION BIO-FUELS contt.
• Syn-gas:
 Syn-gas, or synthesis gas, is a fuel gas mixture consisting primarily
of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and very often some carbon
dioxide.
 Syn-gas is usually a product of gasification and the main application
is electricity generation.
Fig: Syn-gas while forming

16. SECOND GENERATION BIO-FUELS
 Second generation biofuels are also known as advanced
biofuels.
 Produced from sustainable feedstock.
 What separates them from first generation bio fuels the fact
that feedstock used in producing second generation bio fuels
are generally not food crops. The only time the food crops can
act as second generation bio fuels is if they have already
fulfilled their food purpose. For instance, waste vegetable oil
is a second generation bio fuels because it has already been
used and is no longer fit for human consumption.

17. SECOND GENERATION BIO-FUELS
EXAMPLES OF SECOND GENERATION BIO-FUELS:
• Many second generation biofuels are under development
such as
• Cellulose ethanol
• Algae fuel
• Bio hydrogen
• Bio ethanol
• Bio DMF
• Fisher tropism diesel
• Bio hydrogen diesel
• Mixed alcohols and wood diesel.

19. CURRENT STATE OF BIO-FUEL
• 14.3% of the US corn harvest was used to produce ethanol annually
Energetically equivalent to 1.72% of US gasoline use (2005).
• 1.5% of the US soybean harvest produced biodiesel annually 0.09% of US
diesel use (2005).
• India, Indonesia, Malaysia and China are producing biodiesel successfully from
Jatropha curcus and oil palm.
• Green diesel is a form of diesel fuel which is derived from renewable feedstock
rather than the fossil feedstock become much popular Ireland

20. BIO-FUEL IN ASPECT OF BANGLADESH
• Bangladesh annually imports about 3.5 million tons of different fuel
oils.
• 1.45 million tons diesel, 380 tons kerosene,
• 1.3 million tons are crude oil,
• 215 tons jet fuel and 155,000 tons petrol and octane .
• According to a report, “In the 2007/2008 fiscal year, Bangladesh
needs $4.5 billion for oil imports and repayments of BPC's loans,
compared with $3.2 billion in the previous year.” The transportation
sector (road, rail, river and air) in Bangladesh consumes
approximately 50% of the petroleum imports. If 10% of the diesel
and gasoline can be replaced with biodiesel and ethanol, significant
amount of hard earned foreign currency can be solved.

21. BIO-FUEL IN ASPECT OF BANGLADESH contt.
• We have some native plants which grow well in the fallow lands and also
can play a major role when converted to biodiesel or directly used as a
source of alternative fossil fuel .
• There are many other indigenous plant seeds available in Bangladesh and
these should be investigate for there potentiality to produce oil.

22. DRAWBACKS
• Biofuels, particularly those derived from palm biodiesel blends, may be more
carcinogenic than conventional fuels.
• Bio-fuels Isn’t truly carbon‐neutral because of the stages of production,
transportation and processing require nonrenewable energy.
• Fermentation and distilling of first generation Biofuels create negative net energy.
• Threat to food security in poor countries.
• May destroy traditional crop production

23. FUTURE OF BIO-FUEL
• Economically feasible production of ethanol from cellulose could happen within
10 years.
• Safe and pollution less Bio-fuel Factory will be constructed
• Improved and efficient bio-gas plant will be invented
• New and less costly Energy source will take place.
• Food Security will be regained.
• Fuel and food price will decrease.

24. DISADVANTAGES OF BIO-FUEL
• Disadvantages of using biodiesel produced from agricultural crops
involve additional land use, as land area is taken up and various
agricultural inputs with their environmental effects are inevitable.
Switching to biodiesel on a large scale requires considerable use of
our arable area.
• Transportation & storage of biodiesel require special management.
Some properties of biodiesel make it undesirable for use at high
concentrations. For example, pure biodiesel doesn't flow well at
low temperatures, which can cause problems for customers with
outdoor storage tanks in colder climates. A related disadvantage is
that biodiesel, because of its nature, can’t be transported in
pipelines. It has to be transported by truck or rail, which increases
the cost.
• Biodiesel is less suitable for use in low temperatures, than petrol
diesel.

25. TERMINATION!
• The developed countries are investigating significant amount of
resources to develop sustainable renewable energy. Though the
solution taken by some specific countries is not the recipe for all
other countries but, developing countries should start formulating
policies to tap into the developed technologies at an early stage. In
particular they should leverage their position with respect to green
house gas and global warming. There is no need to reinvent the
wheel of Biofuels in every country.
• Bangladesh should and must explore all possible avenues to provide
renewable energy to its current and future citizens; this is not only
good for the environment of the country, it makes economic sense
to rely on one’s natural resources.

26. REFERENCES
[1] www.google.com/question _renewable/
[2] www.geni.org/
[3] www.energypedia.info/
[4] www.eschooltoday.com/

27. ANY QUARIES
For further information email: join2sharif@gmail.com

28. For further information email: join2sharif@gmail.com