The document discusses the Big Five Factor personality model. It describes the five factors - Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness to Experience. Extraversion relates to energy levels and sociability. Agreeableness indicates friendliness and cooperation. Conscientiousness is about self-discipline and achievement orientation. Neuroticism relates to stress, anxiety, and emotional stability. Openness involves intellectual curiosity and creativity. The document provides descriptions and examples of each factor and how they relate to behaviors and tendencies in individuals.

1. THE BIG FIVE FACTOR

2. What is Personality?
• Sum of total ways in which an individual reacts
and interacts with its surroundings and others.
• Stable set of striking characteristics, responsible
for person’s identity.

3. Heredity
Environmental
factors
Situations
Conditions
PERSONALITY
DETERMINANTS

7. • These were the few famous people whom may
know by name but will remember them by their
personalities.
• In order to study the personality
traits, describing an individual’s
behavior, categorization, a model
was developed called , Big Five
Personality Model.

8. What are traits?
• Traits are consistent patterns of thoughts,
feelings, or actions that distinguish people from
one another.
• Traits are basic tendencies that remain stable
across the life span, but characteristic behaviour
can change considerably through adaptive
processes.
• A trait is an internal characteristic that
corresponds to an extreme position on a
behavioural dimension.

9. • Allport, Norman and Cattell were influential in formulating
this taxonomy which was later refined.
• Allport compiled a list of 4500 traits. Cattell reduced this
list to 35 traits.
• Others continued to analyze these factors.
• Although many researchers have studied these five factors,
the two leading proponents today are Paul Costa Jr. and
Robert McCrae.
• Big Five model of personality asserts that there are five
basic factors of personality.
• The five factors originally were developed from factor
analysis of the words people use in everyday language to
describe personality, the lexical approach to personality.

10. The Big Five
• The big five model is based on common language
descriptors of personality (lexical approach)
• Many similar habits taken together forms a trait.
Again many similar traits when taken together
forms a Factor or a type.
• The big five factor model describes personality in
terms of five factors.
• These factors lead to an individual to act in a
certain way in a given situation.

11. conscientiouness
Extroversion
AgreeablenessNeuroticism
Openness to
experiences
OCEAN

12. Psychologists have conducted
numerous tests to give scores and
classify people under different
personalities .
Such one test is given at the end of
this presentation.

13. Extraversion
• The first factor,
Extraversion, has also been
called dominance-
submissiveness, and
“surgency”.
• Energy, surgency, and the
tendency to seek
stimulation and the
company of others

14. Extroversion
LOW
INTRAVERSION
 Reserved
 Timid
 Quite
• Extraversion has an interpersonal component and is strongly related to
positive affect such as being enthusiastic, energetic, interested and
friendly.
• Extraverts show less anxiety over negative feedback.
• It has long been noted that Extraversion is associated with leadership.
High
FACETS OF EXTRAVERSION
 Gregarious
 Assertive
 Warmth
 Active
 Excitement-seeking
 Positive emotions

15. Extraversion
• Ask an extravert what he or she values in life, and the
answer will often be cheerfulness and an exciting life.
• They interacted with more people than did those low
in extraversion; they also reported having more control
and intimacy in those interactions.
• Their peers consider extraverted people to be friendly,
fun-loving, affectionate, and talkative.
• So extraverts are highly motivated to seek social
situations and to be dominant in those situations.
Extraverts are motivated by change, variety in their
lives, challenge, and are easily bored.

16. Agreeableness
• A tendency to be
compassionate and
cooperative rather than
suspicious and
antagonistic towards
others

17. Agreeableness
LOW (Antagonism)
Cold
Disagreeable
Antagonistic
• Agreeableness, which is sometimes instead called Social Adaptability or
Likability, indicates a friendly, compliant personality, one who avoids hostility and
tends to go along with others.
• The agreeableness scale is linked to altruism, nurturance, caring and emotional
support versus competitiveness, hostility, indifference, self-centeredness,
spitefulness and jealousy.
• Agreeable people can be described as altruistic, gentle, kind, sympathetic, soft-
hearted and warm.
HIGH
FACETS OF AGREEABLENESS
• Trust
• Straightforwardness
• Altruism
• Compliance
• Modesty
• Tender-mindedness

18. Agreeableness
• They value being helpful, forgiving, and loving.
• They report little conflict in their interpersonal
relationships, when conflict occurs, it reduces
their self-esteem.
• Agreeable individuals tend toward conformity in
groups, toward modesty, toward not being
demanding, and toward being sympathetic.
• These individuals might be motivated toward
helping others and toward pro-social behaviour in
general.

19. Conscientiousness
• A tendency to show
self-discipline, act
dutifully, and aim for
achievement

20. Conscientiousness
LOW
(Lack of Direction/
Undirectedness)
• Easily Distracted
• Disorganized
• Unreliable
• Conscientiousness, also called Dependability, Impulse Control, and Will
to Achieve
• Conscientiousness is a measure of goal-directed behaviour and amount of
control over impulses.
• Conscientious people value cleanliness and ambitiousness
HIGH
FACETS OF conscientiousness
• Competence
• Order
• Dutifulness
• Achievement striving
• Self-discipline
• Deliberation

21. Conscientiousness
• It has been linked to educational achievement and particularly to the will to
achieve.
• The focused person concentrates on a limited number of goals but strives
hard to reach them, while the flexible person is more impulsive and easier
to persuade from one task to another.
• Described by their peers as well organized, punctual, and ambitious
• The student who has a neat notebook and list of assignments and who
keeps up with reading and completes work on time would score high on
Conscientiousness. Conscientious students are generally motivated to
achieve; they achieve high grade point averages.
• School and many other settings reward conscientious individuals,
contributing to their generally high self-esteem
• Conscientiousness also relates to family relationships and health behavior.
Young married people who score high on Conscientiousness are less
susceptible to sexual infidelity than those who score low
• The more conscientious a person is, the more competent, dutiful, orderly,
responsible and thorough and also more satisfied with their lives.

23. Neuroticism
• A tendency to be
compassionate and
cooperative rather than
suspicious and
antagonistic towards
others

24. Neuroticism
LOW
(EMOTINAL STABILITY)
• Self-Confident
• Calm
• Secure
• Neuroticism describes people who frequently are troubled by negative
emotions such as worry and insecurity.
• Emotionally, they are labile (readily aroused) instead of stable, like their
low-scoring peers; thus, the factor, turning attention to its opposite pole—
low Neuroticism—has also been called Emotional Stability, Emotional
Control, and Ego Strength
• Lower scores on neuroticism also are associated with fewer health
complaints, are happier and more satisfied with life than those who score
high, and they are more satisfied with their marriage.
HIGH
FACETS OF NEUROTICISM
• Anxiety
• Angry hostility
• Depression
• Self-consciousness
• Impulsiveness
• Vulnerability

25. • In marriage, high Neurotics are unhappy and
dissatisfied with life. Besides difficulties in
relationships and commitment, they often suffer low
self-esteem.
• It is associated with negative emotionality, such as
feeling anxious, nervous, sad, and tense.
• Neuroticism tends to be viewed negatively and is
associated with negative affect, being tense and
nervous. Keep in mind that neuroticism is only one
trait that an individual has. A person could be neurotic
and conscientious which may have negative health
effects but may motivate an individual toward success
in school and work situations.

26. A neurotic person under high stress
levels

28. Openness to experience
LOW
• Un-Imaginative
• Inflexible
• Literal-minded
• Dull
• Experts have given this factor various names: Culture, Intellect,
Intellectual Interests, Intelligence and Imagination
• Lay people recognize it by the terms artistic, curious, imaginative,
insightful, original, and wide interests.
• Liberal values often go along with this factor
• They value imaginativeness, broadmindedness, and a world of beauty.
• People low in Openness, in contrast, value cleanliness, obedience, and
national security
HIGH
FACETS OF openness to experience
• Ideas
• Fantasy
• Aesthetics
• Actions
• Feelings
• Values

29. • The factor Openness to experience is perhaps the most
difficult to describe, since it doesn’t correspond to
everyday language as well as the other factors
• It is a measure of depth, breadth and variability in a
person's imagination and urge for experiences.
• The factor relates to intellect, openness to new ideas,
cultural interests, educational aptitude and creativity as
well as an interest in varied sensory and cognitive
experiences.
• People with a high openness to experience have broad
interests, are liberal and like novelty. The preservers with
low openness to experience are conventional,
conservative and prefer familiarity.

31. Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler is one of the
notable person that have a
very unique
personality. Adolf Hitler is
a politician and the leader
of the Nazi Party, also
chancellor of Germany.
People always comment
that he is a person who
cruel, inhuman,
and insatiable greed for
power.

32. OPENNESS
TO
EXPERIENC
E
CONSCIENTIOU
SNESS
EXTRAVERSION AGREEABLE NEUROTICISM
He was
obsessed
with
anger and
anti-Jew
thoughts
and was
never able
to see the
other side
of
paradigm
Hitler was
highly
motivated
by his
beliefs
and was
ready to
go to the
extremitie
s to
achieve
what he
desired
Hitler was
extroverte
d in the
sense of
expressing
is hatred
towards
Jews, his
leadership
abilities
and social
and
communica
tion skills
Was cruel
leader
who never
showed
sympathy
towards
ailing
Jews and
even
towards
the Nazi
soldiers
who were
killed and
injured.
Hitler was
the
person
who often
experienc
ed
emotional
instability,
and much
of them
are
negative
emotion:
anxiety,
irritability
and anger

33. Bill gates
Bill Gates is an American
business magnate,
philanthropist, investor,
computer programmer, and
inventor. Gates is the former
chief executive and chairman
of Microsoft. In the later
stages of his career, Gates has
pursued a number of
philanthropic endeavours,
donating large amounts of
money to charitable
organizations and scientific
research programs .

34. OPENNESS
TO
EXPERIENC
E
CONSCIENTIOU
SNESS
EXTRAVERSION AGREEABLE NEUROTICISM
He was
willing to try
new ideas
and a new
more
innovated
way of
looking at
the PC
world, which
attributed to
his success
With
leadership
of Bill
Gates,
Microsoft
was able to
surpass IBM
which
proves his
achievemen
t over the
time in
growing the
business
stronger
and solid
Bill gates is
quiet and
bookish but
apparently
unfazed by
others
opinion of
him
He
understood
the value of
partnership
s and
working
together
with
outside
entities to
obtain his
goal
Gates is
notorious
for not
being
reachable
by phone
and for not
returning
phone calls.
He also
interrupts
presentatio
ns of
employees
and made
harsh
comments.

35. Why should we study BIG FIVE MODEL
• As a recruiter, it helps to find the candidates
with personalities, best matching the roles the
company is offering.
• As an applicant, one can use to insight from
this model to better understand him/herself
and the type of role he/she is most likely to
enjoy and grow with.
• When a person's personality doesn't fit the
job, everyone loses.

36. TEST

37. INTRODUCTION
This is a personality test, it will help you understand why you act
the way that you do and how your personality is structured. Please
follow the instructions below. Scoring and results are on the
coming slides.
Instructions
In the table on next slide, for each statement 1-50
mark how much you agree with on the scale 1-5,
where
1=disagree,
2=slightly disagree,
3=neutral,
4=slightly agree and
5=agree.

39. SCORING

40. Below is a graph of how other people scored when
test was offered(normal dist.)