Kinesiology is the study of human body movement. It helps physical educators and physicians understand and correct physical deformities, and enables coaches to provide effective training. Kinesiologists examine how the body moves and can function better, working in settings like sports and research. Key concepts include flexion, extension, and other motions; planes of movement like sagittal and frontal; and axes like vertical and sagittal that describe motion. Understanding these concepts is important for describing movements in different sports.

1. Presented by
Dr. Bhanu Pratap
IIMT UNIVERSITY, MEERUT
(U.P.) INDIA

3. What is Kinesiology?
 Definition: Study of Movement as related to human body.
 Origin from Greek word Kinesis “to move” an ology “to Study”

5. Role of Kinesiology in Physical Education
 Kinesiology helps physical educators and physicians in learning
and correcting physical deformities of a person. It enables the
coach to provide effective scientific training of players.
Kinesiology plays an important role in the personality
development of a sports person.
 Kinesiologists identify and examine how the human body moves
and how it can function better. They can work in a wide variety
of settings -- everywhere from the sidelines at a sports arena to a
research laboratory.
 Injury rehabilitation/exercise therapy
 Active health and fitness
 Biomedical applications
 Rehabilitation equipment and technology
 Research, disability/case management

7. Fundamental concepts of following terms with their
application to the human body

8. Cont…
 Flexion Bending
 Extension Straightening
 Abduction Moving away from the reference axis
 Adduction Bringing closer to the reference axis
 Protrusion Forward
 Retrusion Backward
 Elevation Superiorly to the reference axis
 Depression Inferiorly to the reference axis
 Lateral rotation Rotation away from the midline
 Medial rotation Rotation toward the midline
 Pronation Medial rotation of the radius, resulting in the palm of
the hand facing posteriorly (if in anatomical position) or inferiorly
(if elbow is flexed)
 Supination

9. Cont….
 Lateral rotation of the radius, resulting in the palm of the hand
facing anteriorly (if in anatomical position) or superiorly (if elbow is
flexed)
 Mnemonic: 'Supinate to the Sun and Pronate to the Plants'
 (Supinate: palm towards the sun, Pronate: palm towards the plants)
 Circumduction Combination of: flexion, abduction, extension,
adduction
 Deviation Ulnar and radial abduction of the wrist
 Opposition Bringing the thumb in contact to a finger
 Reposition Separating the thumb from the digits
 InversionPlantar side toward the medial plane
 Eversion Plantar side away from the medial plane

10.  What is a movement?
 Flexion/extension
 Knee
 Elbow
 Shoulder
 Neck
 Vertebral column
 Foot
 Abduction/adduction
 Arms & Legs
 Digits
 Protrusion/retrusion
 Mandible
 Depression/elevation
 Mandible

11.  Lateral/medial rotation
 Head
 Arm/leg
 Pronation/supination
 Mnemonic
 Circumduction
 Deviation
 Opposition/reposition
 Inversion/eversion
 Mnemonic
 Hyperflexion/hyperextension

12. Cont.

14. Planes and Axes
Explained
• To describe the direction and characteristics
of movements used in different sports, we
refer to planes and axes of motion.
• Human movement takes motion in a plane
and about an axis

15. Planes and axes of movement
Tohelp explain movement, the body can be viewed as having
a series of imaginary slices/glass panes running through it.
These are referred to as planes of
movement

16. Planes
1. The sagittal plane is a vertical plane that
divides the body into right and left
sides.
Movement along this plane tends to be
forwards or backwards, like walking,
running, somersault.

17. Planes
2. The frontal plane is also a vertical
plane but this divides the body into
front and back.
Movement along this plane could
include star jumps or cartwheels

18. Planes
3. The transverse plane is a horizontal
plane that divides the body into upper
and lower halves.
Movement along this plane includes an
ice skating spin.

19. Axes are like invisible skewers running
through the body.
All movements rotate around one of
the axes.
Axes of the body

20. Axes of the body
Vertical axis runs through the body vertically
from the top to bottom.

21. Sagittal axis runs through the body horizontally from the left
to right.

22. Frontal axis runs through the body horizontally from the back
to front.
Axes of
the body

23. FRONTALAXIS
SAGITTAL PLANE
Planes & Axes of the body
combined
Movement in the sagittal plane about the
frontal axis allows for front
somersaults/forward roll.

24. Movement in the frontal plane about the
sagittal axis allows for cartwheels.
SAGITTALAXIS
FRONTAL PLANE

25. Planes & Axes of the body combined
Movement in the transverse plane about
the vertical axis allows for a 360 degree
twist.
VERTICALAXIS
TRANSVERSE
PLANE

26. Center of Gravity & Line of Gravity

27. Cont.….

28. For your co-
operation