This document provides an introduction to biomechanics. It defines biomechanics as the study of the structure and function of biological systems through the methods of mechanics. Biomechanics applies mechanical principles to understand the human body. The document outlines the key concepts in mechanics including kinematics, kinetics, and simple machines. It discusses areas of biomechanics like developmental, exercise, and rehabilitation biomechanics. Examples of levers in the body and their application to sports are also provided.

1. ROHIT J NABARIYA
SURENDRA KUMAR
Biomechanics

2. INTRODUCTION
 Mechanics-study of forces and motions produced by their
action.
 Biomechanics is the study of the structure and function of
biological systems by means of the methods of
“mechanics.”
 Biomechanics-apply that to the structure and function of
the human body.

3.  Mechanics
 Study of physical actions and forces
 Kinematics:
 Description of motion (e.g: how fast, how high, etc.)
without consideration given to its mass or the forces
acting on it.
 Kinetics:
 The study of forces associated with motion.
 Example: Pushing on the table may or may not move the
table, depending upon the strength and direction of the
push

4. Reasons for Studying Biomechanics
 Better understanding of the human body and the various
internal and external forces that affect movement.
 Offers scientific knowledge that can improve performance
 To improve sport techniques, equipment, and safety
 To design and conduct programs to enhance individual
movement skills (Adapted PE)

5. AREAS OF BIOMECHANICS
 Developmental biomechanics
 Studies movement patterns and how they change
across the lifespan and varying disabilities.
 Biomechanics of exercise
 To maximize the benefits of exercise and reduce the
chances of injury.
 Rehabilitation mechanics
 Study of the movement patterns of people who are
injured or who have a disability.
 Equipment design
 Increases in performance through the change of
equipment.

6. Biomechanical Terms
 Velocity
 Speed and direction of the body
 Acceleration
 Change in velocity involving the speed or direction
 Angular velocity
 Angle that is rotated in a given unit of time
 Angular acceleration
 Change of angular velocity for a unit of time

7.  Mass
 Amount of matter possessed by an object
 Force
 Any action that changes or tends to change the
motion of an object
 Pressure
 Ratio of force to the area over which force is applied
 Gravity
 Natural force that pulls all objects toward the center
of the earth
 Center of gravity

8.  Friction
 Force that occurs when surfaces come in
contact and results from the sliding of one
surface on the other
• Simple Machines
 4 types of Machines
 Lever
 Wheel and Axle
 Inclined plane
 The pulley

9. LEVER
 Lever is a rigid bar that can rotate about a fixed
point when a force is applied to overcome
resistance.
TERMS INVOVLED IN LEVERS:
 The axis (joint), force (muscle insertion point),
and the resistance (weight, etc.)

10.  First-class lever
 Axis is located between the force and the
resistance.
 Balance
 Examples
Crow bar
Seesaw

12. • Second Class Lever
Has the axis at one end, the resistance in the
middle, and force at the other end.
• Examples
Wheelbarrow
Nutcracker

14.  Third class Lever
 Has the axis at one end with the force in the middle
and resistance at the opposite.
Examples
Rowing
Shoveling
Bat, tennis racket

16. Human Application
 First class lever

17.  Second class lever
 Ankle plantar flexion

18. Third class lever
Elbow flexion

19. APPLICATION IN SPORTS
 Sports biomechanics is a quantitative based study and analysis
of professional athletes and sports activities in general. It can
simply be described as the Physics of Sports.
 Sport biomechanics studies the effects of forces and motion on
sport performance.
 Using laws and principles grounded in physics that apply to
human movement, athletes and coaches can make sound
decisions for developing efficient sport techniques.

20.  The key to success is finding effective instructional
cues that help the athlete achieve correct mechanical
technique.
 Coaches with a command of mental training
tools and sports training principles can help athletes
make amazing things happen on the field.

21. COACHES/TRAINERS can:
 Analyze sport movements,
 Select the best training exercises,
 Reduce or prevent injuries,
 Design or choose the sport equipment that best
matches athletes' personal needs.
 Maximize economy and efficiency of movements.

22. SPRINT

23. DENTAL IMPLANTATION

24.  According to the National Institutes of Health, by
age 50, the average person has lost 12 teeth, and
by 70, half of us are
toothless altogether.
 WHY IMPLANT???????????
• More permanent than dentures
• The butt-joint method does not rely on
neighboring teeth for support
• More natural looking than dentures.

25. The Butt-Joint system (Screw)
Dental Implants
The Ideal Replacement
For Natural Teeth

26. General Implant Diagram
 A crucial factor that
affects the outcome
of implant treatment
is the way occlusal
forces are transferred
to the bone-implant
interface via the
superstructure and
the implant.

28. REFERENCES
 Wikipedia
 Hatze, Herbert (1974). "The meaning of the term
biomechanics". Journal of Biomechanics
 Bartlett, Roger (1997). Introduction to sports
biomechanics

29. THANK YOU