Description: In this presentation, we delve into the intricate world of anatomy, demystifying complex terminology to provide a clear understanding of the human body's structure and function. From the basics of anatomic position to directional terms, body movements, and the significance of avoiding eponyms, we break down essential concepts for students and healthcare professionals alike. Through engaging visuals and simplified explanations, participants will gain a comprehensive grasp of anatomic terminology, empowering them to communicate effectively and navigate the intricacies of medical practice with confidence. Join us on a journey to master anatomy and elevate your understanding of the human body.

1. General anatomy introduction
Dr. Ayesha
Department of Anatomy

2. Title: Anatomy and Anatomic
Terminology
Introduction

3. Anatomy is all about understanding the structure and
function of the body, while clinical anatomy focuses on
how this knowledge applies to medical practice. An
important aspect of anatomy is using the right terms to
describe different parts of the body accurately.
Introduction

4. Imagine someone standing upright, facing forward, with arms by their sides, palms facing forward, feet
together on the ground, and toes pointing forward. This is the standard reference posture called the
anatomical position. Imagine someone standing upright, facing forward, with arms by their sides, palms facing
forward, feet together on the ground, and toes pointing forward. This is the standard reference posture called
the anatomical position.
Anatomic Position
Imagine someone standing upright, facing forward, with
arms by their sides, palms facing forward, feet together
on the ground, and toes pointing forward. This is the
standard reference posture called the anatomical
position.

6. Planes of the Body
Planes of the Body
Think of the body as being divided into sections by imaginary flat
surfaces called planes.
Median Plane: Divides the body into equal left and right halves.
Sagittal Plane: Parallel to the median plane but divides the body into
unequal left and right portions.

7. Planes of the Body
Coronal (Frontal) Plane: Divides the body into front and back portions.
Horizontal Plane: Divides the body into upper and lower parts.
Transverse Plane: Runs horizontally, dividing the body into top and
bottom sections.

8. Directional Terms
Directional Terms
Understanding where things are in relation to each other is crucial.
Anterior (ventral) and Posterior (dorsal): Front and back of the
body, respectively.
Medial and Lateral: Closer to or farther from the body's midline.
Superior (cranial) and Inferior (caudal): Higher or lower parts of
the body.

9. Proximal and Distal: Closer to or farther from the
body's core or a reference point.
Superficial and Deep: Near or far from the body's
surface.
Internal and External: Inside or outside a structure
or space.
Ipsilateral and Contralateral: On the same or
opposite side of a reference point.
Directional Terms
Proximal and Distal: Closer to or farther from the body's core or a
reference point.
Superficial and Deep: Near or far from the body's surface.
Internal and External: Inside or outside a structure or space.
Ipsilateral and Contralateral: On the same or opposite side of a
reference point.

10. Body Positions:
Body Positions:
Supine: Lying on the back.
Prone: Lying face downward.

12. Terms Related to Movement:
Flexion and Extension: Decreasing or increasing joint angles, respectively.
Abduction and Adduction: Moving away from or toward the body's midline.
Inversion and Eversion: Turning the sole of the foot inward or outward.
Rotation: Turning a body part around its long axis.
Circumduction: Circular movement combining flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation.
Pronation and Supination: Turning the forearm inward or outward.
Protraction and Retraction: Moving a body part forward or backward.Body Positions:
Terms Related to Movement:
Flexion and Extension: Decreasing or increasing joint angles,
respectively.
Abduction and Adduction: Moving away from or toward the
body's midline.
Inversion and Eversion: Turning the sole of the foot inward
or outward.

14. Terms Related to Movement:
Flexion and Extension: Decreasing or increasing joint angles, respectively.
Abduction and Adduction: Moving away from or toward the body's midline.
Inversion and Eversion: Turning the sole of the foot inward or outward.
Rotation: Turning a body part around its long axis.
Circumduction: Circular movement combining flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation.
Pronation and Supination: Turning the forearm inward or outward.
Protraction and Retraction: Moving a body part forward or backward.Body Positions:
Rotation: Turning a body part around its long axis.
Circumduction: Circular movement combining flexion,
extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation.
Pronation and Supination: Turning the forearm inward or
outward.
Protraction and Retraction: Moving a body part forward or
backward.

15. Terms Related to Movement:
Flexion and Extension: Decreasing or increasing joint angles, respectively.
Abduction and Adduction: Moving away from or toward the body's midline.
Inversion and Eversion: Turning the sole of the foot inward or outward.
Rotation: Turning a body part around its long axis.
Circumduction: Circular movement combining flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation.
Pronation and Supination: Turning the forearm inward or outward.
Protraction and Retraction: Moving a body part forward or backward.Body Positions:
Avoiding Eponyms:
In scientific contexts, we should use descriptive terms
rather than eponyms (terms named after people). This
helps avoid confusion and ensures clarity in
communication.

16. Terms Related to Movement:
thankyou
Flexion and Extension: Decreasing or increasing joint angles, respectively.
Abduction and Adduction: Moving away from or toward the body's midline.
Inversion and Eversion: Turning the sole of the foot inward or outward.
Rotation: Turning a body part around its long axis.
Circumduction: Circular movement combining flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation.
Pronation and Supination: Turning the forearm inward or outward.
Protraction and Retraction: Moving a body part forward or backward.Body Positions:
Thankyou
Any question ?