This document provides an overview of attitudes and positive attitude building. It defines attitude as a persistent tendency to think, feel and behave in a particular way. Attitudes have three components - cognitive, affective, and behavioral. They are learned through direct experience and social learning. Positive attitudes are communicated through optimism and focusing on successes rather than failures. Building positive attitudes involves emphasizing positives, using imagery to highlight good elements, and being mindful not to dwell on negatives. Attitude is dynamic and must be actively managed.

1. Training program conducted for
Hi Tech Arai
By
Dr.V.Veera Balaji Kumar
Attitude –
Changing for the best

2. WHAT IS MEANT BY
ATTITUDE
 WHAT HAVE YOU GOT TO SAY?

3. DEFINITION OF ATTITUDE?
 Attitude is defined as
the persistent
tendency to think,
feel and behave in a
particular way
towards some
objects, persons or
events.

4. WHAT IS AN ATTITUDE?
 Attitude is a state of mind
 Your attitude is your mind-set
 It is the way you look at things mentally
 Attitudes are evaluative statements
 They indicate one’s feelings either favourably or
unfavourably to persons objects and or events

5. ATTITUDES ARE EVALUATIVE
STATEMENTS
 Attitude reflect how one feels about something
 It can be Positive or Negative
Eg. When someone says “I like teaching” he is
expressing his attitude about his work.
When someone says “I hate when someone
advises/teaches ” he is expressing his attitude
towards receiving advice.

6. ATTITUDE IS YOUR MENTAL FOCUS
ON THE OUTSIDE WORLD
 Like using a camera you can focus or set your
mind on what appeals to you
 You can see situations as either opportunities or
failures
 Examples
 A hot summer day may be beautiful or ugly
 A departmental meeting is either interesting or
boring

7. HOW ATTITUDE WORKS?
 It is a cognitive and affective evaluation that
predisposes a person to act in a certain way
Cognitive
Affective
BEHAVIOUR

8. THREE COMPONENTS OF
ATTITUDES?
 Cognitions (Thoughts)
 Affections (Feelings)
 Behaviour ( Actions and reactions)

9. THREE COMPONENTS OF ATTITUDES

10. Cognitive or
Informational
component
Ideas, Belief,
Values and
Information
Affective or
Emotional
component
Feelings of likes
and dislikes
positive & negative
Behavioural
component
Tendency to
behave
Attitude
Attitude Object
COMPONENTS OF ATTITUDES

11. THREE COMPONENTS OF
ATTITUDES- AN EXAMPLE
 Cognitions (My job is interesting)
 Affections (I love my job)
 Behaviour ( I am going to get to work early with a
smile on my face- my intention to act)

12. FACTORS THAT DETERMINE OUR ATTITUDE
 Environment
 Experience
 Education

13. ENVIRONMENT CONSISTS OF THE FOLLOWING
 Home : Positive or Negative influences.
 School: Peer Pressures.
 Work : Supportive or over critical Supervisor.
 Media: Television, Newspapers, Magazines,
Radio, movies.
 Cultural back ground.
 Traditions and Beliefs.
 Social Environment.
 Political Environment.

14. 14

15. What are the salient features about
attitudes?
 Attitudes are related to feelings and beliefs about
people
 Attitude is a response to persons objects or events
 Attitudes affect behaviour positively or negatively
 Attitudes undergo changes
 Attitudes affect perception, and in turn, behaviour

16. Attitudes and behaviour
 Many factors influence whether attitude and
behaviour will be consistent. Some of the most
significant factors include:
 How strong the attitude is
 How easily it comes to mind
 The situation we are in
 Our personal belief that we can actually perform the
behaviour associated with the attitude

17. Strength of attitude
 A strong attitude is well known, easily accessible,
personally relevant and has a strong emotional
component
 The stronger the attitude the more likely it will be
consistent, resistant to change and influence
behaviour
 Kraus (1995) found that the stronger the attitude
that more likely it would predict behaviour

18. HOW ATTITUDES ARE FORMED - DIRECT
LEARNING AND SOCIAL LEARNING
 Attitudes are not inherited
 They are acquired or learned by people from
the environment in which they interact
 The formation of attitudes is broadly classified
in to two sources namely
1. Direct experience
2. Social Learning

19. PROCESS OF LEARNING ATTITUDES FROM
OBSERVATION- DIRECT LEARNING
 One’s direct experience with an object or person
serves as a powerful source for his or her attitude
formation
 In other words attitudes are formed on the basis
of one’s past experience in concerned object or
person

20. PROCESS OF LEARNING ATTITUDES FROM
OBSERVATION- SOCIAL LEARNING
 The process of deriving attitudes from family peer
groups religious organizations and culture is
called social learning
 In social learning a person acquires attitudes from
his or her environment in an indirect manner
 They acquire it mainly by observing their models

21. PROCESS OF LEARNING ATTITUDES FROM
OBSERVATION- SOCIAL EARNING
 Attention - focus on something
 Retention - what observed must be retained
 Reproduction - Behaviour must be practiced
again and again
 Motivation - learner must be motivated to learn
from it

22. ROLE OF CULTURE IN ATTITUDE
FORMATION
 Culture plays a definitive role in the formation
of attitudes
 Eg- Indians earn for future requirements
 Americans for that matter earn to enjoy
the present

23. THREE TYPES OF JOB RELATED
ATTITUDES
 Job satisfaction - Individual’s pleasurable or
positive emotional state toward his job
 Job Involvement - the degree to which people
immerse themselves in their jobs - It is
identifying with one’s job
 Organizational commitment - it is about
employees loyalty towards their organizations -
It is identifying with one’s organization

24. JOB SATISFACTION IS RELATED WITH
FIVE SPECIFC JOB DIMENSIONS
 PAY
 WORK ITSELF
 PROMOTIONAL OPPORTUNITIES
 SUPERVISION
 CO-WORKERS

25. JOB INVOLVEMENT
 It is the degree to which employees immerse
themselves in their jobs, invest time and
energy in them and consider work as central
part of their overall lives
 Such employees tend to be high performers
and seldom tardy and get absent

26. ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT
 It is an attitude about employee’s
commitment to the organization
 It is the process by which an employee
identify with the organization and and want to
maintain membership with the organization

27. POSITIVE ATTITUDE
BUILDING

28. WHAT IS A POSITIVE
ATTITUDE ?
 WHAT HAVE YOU GOT TO SAY?

29. WHAT IS A POSITIVE
ATTITUDE?
 Attitude is the way you communicate your mood
to others
 The way you perceive the world and your position
in it directly affects your dealings with others
 a positive self image will reinforce and improve
both professional and personal relationships

30. ARE YOU AWARE OF THIS?
 When you are optimistic and anticipate
successful encounters you transmit a positive
attitude and people usually respond favourably
 When you are pessimistic and expect the worst
your attitude is often negative and people tend to
avoid you
 Quite simply you take the picture of life you want
to take

31. EMPHASIZING THE POSITIVE AND
DIFFUSING THE NEGATIVE
 You can place the glass over good news and
feel better or you can magnify bad news and
make yourself miserable
 Magnifying situations can become a habit
 if you continually focus on difficult situations the
result will be exaggerated distortions of
problems
Emphasizing the positive and
diffusing the negative is like
using a magnifying glass

32. A BETTER APPROACH
 Imagine you have binoculars
 Use magnifying end to view positive things
 Use the other end whenever you encounter
negative elements to make them appear
smaller
 Once you know to highlight the positive you
are on the right road

33. WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM
THIS?
 Think more about the positive things and try to
make use of the positives to drive your life
 This means that you have learnt to alter your
imagery to highlight the positive
 This means that you are on the right road

34. REMEMBER! ATTITUDE IS NEVER
STATIC!
IT IS AN ONGOING DYNAMIC
PERCEPTUAL PROCESS

35. Unless you are on constant guard
negatives can slip in to your mind
which make your mind time spend on
difficulties rather than on
opportunities

36. If negative factors stay around for a
long time they will be reflected in
your disposition.
The positive may be still there but
may be overshadowed by the
negative.

37. Challenge!
 Push the negative factors to the outer perimeter
of your thinking
 Those who will learn the trick will reflect it and
others will notice it
 Of course! No one can be positive all the time
 Excessive optimism is not realistic
 Positive attitude is not an act. It must be genuine

38. HOW TO MEASURE ATTITUDES
 Self- Report
 Indirect tests
 Direct observation Techniques
 Psychological Reaction Techniques

39. HOW TO CHANGE ATTITUDE?
 Filling in information Gap
 use of fear
 Resolving Discrepancies
 Impact of peers
 The co-opting approach

40. Thank you