This document provides an overview of asthma pharmacology. It defines asthma as a chronic reactive airway disorder characterized by episodic airway obstruction. It describes the two main types of asthma as extrinsic (allergic) and intrinsic (non-allergic). The pathophysiology involves inflammatory cells such as mast cells, eosinophils, and T lymphocytes that release inflammatory mediators. Diagnosis involves spirometry to measure airflow limitation. Treatment options discussed include bronchodilators, corticosteroids, leukotriene antagonists, monoclonal antibody therapy, and calcium channel blockers.

1. ASTHMA
PHARMACOLOGY-V
Presented by:-
Manisha Pahal
M. Pharmacy
(2nd sem)
Deptt. of Pharm. Sciences
M.D.U., Rohtak

2. Contents
• Introduction
• Types of asthma
• Pathophysiology of asthma
• Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Novel studies
• References

4. Asthma
• Chronic reactive airway disorder characterized
by increased restriction to the airflow due to
episodic airway obstruction.

5. BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

6. Structure of airway

7. Types of asthma
Extrinsic asthma Intrinsic asthma
Allergic asthma Non allergic asthma
Atopic asthma Non atopic asthma
(Allergens, dust, mites, ( Vagal reflex, cold, stress,
molds, pollens, fur) NSAIDS, viral infection)

8. Pathophysiology

13. B cells then divides by multiple times,
IL-4, IL-13 Plasmablasts
Plasma cells
Immunoglobulins

17. Ca2+ also activates cellular phospholipase A2
Arachidonic acid
5-LO
5-HPETE
LT-B4
LTC4
LT-A4 LTD4 Cysteinyl
LTE4 leukotrienes

24. Non allergic asthma

25. Diagnosis
• Spirometry
Spirometry is recommended to aid in diagnosis
and management. FEV1 is measured by this
technique.

26. Overview of drugs actions

27. Inhalers

28. B2 Agonists

29. Muscarinic antagonists

30. Corticosteroids

31. Theophyllin

32. Chromolyn and Nedochromil

33. LT Antagonists

34. Omalizumab

35. Ca2+ Channel Blockers
• Nifedidpine
- Smooth muscle relaxation.
- cause cardiac heart failure

36. References
• Katzung BG. Masters SB. Trevor AJ., Basic & Clinical
Pharmacology. 11th ed. Tata McGraw Hill; 2009: 339-
356.
• Austin KR. Orange RP. Bronchial Asthma. The
Possible Role of Chemical mediators of immediate
hypersensitivity in the Pathogenesis of Subacute
Chronic Disease. Am Rev Resp Dis. 1975;112:423-29.
• Brunton LL. Lazo JS. Parker KL. Goodman And
Gillman’s Pharmacological Basics of Therapeutics.
11th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill: Medical Publishing
Division; 2006: 1312-1347.

37. • Hargreave FE. Parameswaran K (August 2006). Asthma,
COPD and bronchitis are just components of airway
disease. European Respiratory Journal. 28 (2): 264–
7. doi:10.1183/09031936.06.00056106.
• Prescott, SL; Tang, ML (May 2, 2005). Australasian Society
of Clinical Immunology and, Allergy. "The Australasian
Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy position
statement: Summary of allergy prevention in
children". The Medical journal of Australia. 182 (9): 464–
7. PMID 15865590.