Asthma is a condition in which your airways narrow and swell and produce extra mucus. This can make breathing difficult and trigger coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath. For some people, asthma is a minor nuisance.
Asthma is a condition in which your airways narrow and swell and produce extra mucus. This can make breathing difficult and trigger coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath. For some people, asthma is a minor nuisance.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders COPD is a [preventable and treatable disease with some significant extra pulmonary effects that may contribute to the severity in individual clients.
It is characterized by airflow limitation that is not completely reversible.
Heart failure (HF) is a common cardiovascular condition with increasing incidence and prevalence. Unlike western countries where heart failure is predominantly a disease of elderly, in India it affects younger age group. Heart failure is a chronic condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood and oxygen to support other organs in your body.
Definition and introduction to bronchial asthma - classification of bronchial asthma - pathophysiology and risk factors for bronchial asthma - diagnosis of bronchial asthma - clinical manifestations - investigations - management of bronchial asthma
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an umbrella term used to describe progressive lung diseases including emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. This disease is characterized by increasing breathlessness
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders COPD is a [preventable and treatable disease with some significant extra pulmonary effects that may contribute to the severity in individual clients.
It is characterized by airflow limitation that is not completely reversible.
Heart failure (HF) is a common cardiovascular condition with increasing incidence and prevalence. Unlike western countries where heart failure is predominantly a disease of elderly, in India it affects younger age group. Heart failure is a chronic condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood and oxygen to support other organs in your body.
Definition and introduction to bronchial asthma - classification of bronchial asthma - pathophysiology and risk factors for bronchial asthma - diagnosis of bronchial asthma - clinical manifestations - investigations - management of bronchial asthma
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an umbrella term used to describe progressive lung diseases including emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. This disease is characterized by increasing breathlessness
This ppt gives information about the introduction to asthma disease its causes, pathophysiology and classification of antiasthmetic drugs with its stucture , the ppt is made for basic knowledge of antiasthemetic drugs on medicinal chemistry point of veiw for B. pharmacy students.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
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Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
2. Asthma:-
It is a syndrome characterized by airflow obstruction
that varies markedly, both spontaneously and with
treatment.
Symptoms-wheezing, breathlessness, cough, chest
tightness
Prevalence-10-12% adults, 15% children
Developed country>Developing country
6. Types of asthma-
Atopic asthma-classical type I IgE mediated
hypersensitivity, allergen sensitization, seen from
childhood, +ve history of asthma in family, skin
test +ve
Non-atopic asthma-no allergen sensitization, no
such history, skin test –ve, virus infection?
Drug induced asthma-sensitive to certain drugs
like aspirin, NSAIDS etc
Occupational asthma-stimulants such as fumes,
organic and chemical dusts(wood, cotton),
gas(toluene), penicillin products etc
Exercise induced asthma-begins after exercise
and stops after 30 minutes, worsen in cold and
dry climate
8. pathology
Chronic inflammation of lower airways
Mucosal infiltration of activated eosinophils
and T lymphocytes
Thickening of basement membrane
Goblet cell metaplasia
Smooth muscle hypertrophy and thickening
Shedding of epithelium
Occlusion of airway by mucosal plug
11. Inflammation
Allergic type of inflammation occurs
From trachea to terminal bronchiole
Predominantly in bronchi
Airway hyperresponsiveness
Cells involved in inflammation-mast cell
macrophages dendritic cell eosinophils
neutrophils T lymphocytes and structural
cells
Early phase reaction-mediated by granules
release from mast cell, bronchoconstriction,
vasodilation and increase permeability
12. Contd…
Late phase reaction-inflammation with
recruitment of eosinophils, T lymphocytes,
neutrophils, macrophages etc and
subsequent release of mediators.
13.
14. Contd…
Mast cell-activated by IgE dependant
mechanism, initiate acute
bronchoconstriction action by releasing
histamine, prostaglandinD2,leukotrienes etc
Macrophage-activated by low affinity IgE
receptor, produce various inflammatory
mediators
Dendritic cell-macrophage like major APC in
airways, TSLP(Thymic stromal lymphopoietin)
by epithelial cell induced chemokine release
for TH2 cells
16. Contd…
Eosinophils-infiltration is characteristic
feature of asthma, activated by IL-5, causes
exacerbation of asthma by producing
mediators
Neutrophil-activated and infiltration
T cell-release cytokines, causes recruitment
of eosinophils, also causes maintenance of
mast cells, in asthma TH2 cell produce IL-
5(eosinophil recruitment) IL-4, IL-13(increase
IgE production and mucus secretion).CD4+
cell also involved
Structural cells-epithelial cells(TSLP),
fibroblasts etc
17. Inflammatory mediators-
Histamine, prostaglandin D2, cysteinly
leukotrienes-cause smooth muscle contraction,
increased microvascular leakage, increased
mucus secretion, act as chemoattractant for
inflammatory cells
Cytokines- IL-4, IL-5, IL-13-causes allergic
inflammation, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha-amplification of
inflammation, TSLP(Tymic stromal lmphopoietin)-
from epithelial cells act as chemoattractant for
TH2 cells, IL-10, IL-12-anti inflammatory
Chemokines-attract inflammatory cells,
Eotaxin(CCL11) attract eosinophil via CCR3
receptor, TARC(CCL17) and MDC (CCL 22) from
epithelial cell attract TH2 cell via CCR4.
18. Contd…
Oxidative stress-increase in ROS production
NO-act as relaxant but mainly causes
vasodilatation leading to leakage
Transcription factor-NF-kB, activator protein-1
20. Effects of inflammation-
Epithelium-dysfunction, damage, loss of
enzyme, loss of relaxant factors, loss of
barrier function
Fibrosis- subepithelial fibrosis, basement
membrane thickening, deposition of III and V
collagen(by factors release from eosinophil)
Smooth muscle- increased responsiveness to
constrictor mediators, in chronic cases
hypertrophy/hyperplasia by growth factors
released by inflammatory mediators
Vascular response-vasodilation,
angiogenesis, microvascular leakage
21. Contd….
Mucus hypersecrection- by goblet cell
hyperplasia, increase in mucus plug, leading
to blocking of airway
Neural effect-reflex cholinergic
bronchoconstriction by increased muscarinic
action
22.
23. Airway remodeling:-
Several changes can be seen
Irreversible narrowing of lumen
Decline in lung function
Smooth muscle hyperplasia
Fibrosis
26. Summary-
Asthma is chronic inflammatory disorder with airway
hyperresponsiveness and airway obstruction.
various risk factors and triggers
Types-atopic and non-atopic
Eosinophilic infiltration and thickening of B.M.
Hyperplasia of gland and vasodilatation
IgE dependant mast cell activation and release of
various mediators
Early and late phase reactions with dendritic cell and
TH2 cell
Various mediators-cytokine, chemokines, PGs etc
Epithelium shedding, fibrosis, hypertrophy of muscle
and increased permeability
Airway remodeling