This document summarizes a personality assessment of Sohail Ahamed conducted by the author. Based on various personality theories and assessment methods, the author concludes that Sohail is a positive ambivert, extroverted and introverted, according to Jung. Physical characteristics and test results suggest Sohail is sociable, energetic, and above average. The author used observation, interviews, case studies and rating scales to assess Sohail's personality.
Raymond Cattell (1905-1998) broke personality traits into 16 categories using a statistical measure known as factor analysis to calculate the relationships among traits. Cattell hoped to determine how each trait influenced other traits in the same individual. For each of the 16 categories, Cattell measured a high end and a low end along a spectrum. For example, you might measure high on the cheerful - serious spectrum and low on the practical - imaginative spectrum.
Intelligence test used in the forensic psychology.
There are different tests are used to measure the intelligence or IQ of a person. Such as,
Ravens Progressive Matrices
Bhatia Battery of Intelligence
Culture Fair test
Wechsler scale
Alexander Pass a long test
etc.
Raymond Cattell (1905-1998) broke personality traits into 16 categories using a statistical measure known as factor analysis to calculate the relationships among traits. Cattell hoped to determine how each trait influenced other traits in the same individual. For each of the 16 categories, Cattell measured a high end and a low end along a spectrum. For example, you might measure high on the cheerful - serious spectrum and low on the practical - imaginative spectrum.
Intelligence test used in the forensic psychology.
There are different tests are used to measure the intelligence or IQ of a person. Such as,
Ravens Progressive Matrices
Bhatia Battery of Intelligence
Culture Fair test
Wechsler scale
Alexander Pass a long test
etc.
Allport's personality Theory separates all traits into three basic subcategories: Cardinal, Central, and Secondary traits. This trait theory suggests that individual personalities are composed of broad dispositions. It is also based mainly on differences between individuals. The combination and interaction of various traits form a personality that is unique to each individual, this theory focused on identifying and measuring these individual personality characteristics.
personality traits are "enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself that are exhibited in a wide range of social and personal contexts." A trait is what we call a characteristic way in which an individual perceives, feels, believes, or acts.
Trait theories are the following
Three trait theory
16 personality factor theory
Universal trait theory
Big five model
HEXACO model
A short note about the concept of the psychological test; introduction, definition, characteristics, needs, classification, types, and some selected psychological tests.
Organisational Behaviour
Lecture session 6.1
Personality
Lecture session 6.2
Big 5 Test - OCEAN Model - Activity
Presented by : Mr. Dheeraj Rongala
Contact email : [email protected]
Topics covered in Week 6
Organisational Behaviour
Lecture session 6.3
Organisational ethics
Lecture session 6.4
Queries and clarifications
Presented by : Mr. Dheeraj Rongala
Contact email : [email protected]
Topics covered in Week 6
Learning objectives
By the end of the session, learners will be able to know about:
Personality and its associated theories.
Big 5 Personality traits.
Characteristics of groups and teams.
Tuckman's theory of groups and.
Belbin's team roles.
Personality
Personality
What is Personality?
The relatively enduring combination of traits which make an individual unique and at the same time produce consistencies in his or her thought and behaviour”. Fincham & Rhodes(2005, p95).
The observable manifestation of social identity which a person develops and constructs through negotiation and interaction with others”. Thompson & McHugh (2009, p287).
Personality
What is Personality?
Personality is the particular combination of emotional, attitudinal, and behavioral response patterns of an individual.
Personality commonly refers to:
Personality psychology, the theory and study of individual differences, traits, and types.
Personality trait theory, attributes by which people may vary in relative terms.
Personality is made up of the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings and behaviors that make a person unique. In addition to this, personality arises from within the individual and remains fairly consistent throughout life.
Fundamental characteristics of Personality
Consistency - There is generally a recognizable order and regularity to behaviors. Essentially, people act in the same ways or similar ways in a variety of situations.
Psychological and physiological - Personality is a psychological construct, but research suggests that it is also influenced by biological processes and needs.
It impacts behaviors and actions - Personality does not just influence how we move and respond in our environment; it also causes us to act in certain ways.
Multiple expressions - Personality is displayed in more than just behavior. It can also be seen in our thoughts, feelings, close relationships and other social interactions.
Types of Personality theories
There are a number of different theories about how personality develops. Different schools of thought in psychology influence many of these theories.
Some of these major perspectives on personality include:
Type theories are the early perspectives on personality. These theories suggested that there are a limited number of "personality types" which are related to biological influences.
Trait theories viewed personality as the result of internal characteristics that are genetically based.
Humanist theories emphasize the importance of free will and individual experience in the de.
Allport's personality Theory separates all traits into three basic subcategories: Cardinal, Central, and Secondary traits. This trait theory suggests that individual personalities are composed of broad dispositions. It is also based mainly on differences between individuals. The combination and interaction of various traits form a personality that is unique to each individual, this theory focused on identifying and measuring these individual personality characteristics.
personality traits are "enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself that are exhibited in a wide range of social and personal contexts." A trait is what we call a characteristic way in which an individual perceives, feels, believes, or acts.
Trait theories are the following
Three trait theory
16 personality factor theory
Universal trait theory
Big five model
HEXACO model
A short note about the concept of the psychological test; introduction, definition, characteristics, needs, classification, types, and some selected psychological tests.
Organisational Behaviour
Lecture session 6.1
Personality
Lecture session 6.2
Big 5 Test - OCEAN Model - Activity
Presented by : Mr. Dheeraj Rongala
Contact email : [email protected]
Topics covered in Week 6
Organisational Behaviour
Lecture session 6.3
Organisational ethics
Lecture session 6.4
Queries and clarifications
Presented by : Mr. Dheeraj Rongala
Contact email : [email protected]
Topics covered in Week 6
Learning objectives
By the end of the session, learners will be able to know about:
Personality and its associated theories.
Big 5 Personality traits.
Characteristics of groups and teams.
Tuckman's theory of groups and.
Belbin's team roles.
Personality
Personality
What is Personality?
The relatively enduring combination of traits which make an individual unique and at the same time produce consistencies in his or her thought and behaviour”. Fincham & Rhodes(2005, p95).
The observable manifestation of social identity which a person develops and constructs through negotiation and interaction with others”. Thompson & McHugh (2009, p287).
Personality
What is Personality?
Personality is the particular combination of emotional, attitudinal, and behavioral response patterns of an individual.
Personality commonly refers to:
Personality psychology, the theory and study of individual differences, traits, and types.
Personality trait theory, attributes by which people may vary in relative terms.
Personality is made up of the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings and behaviors that make a person unique. In addition to this, personality arises from within the individual and remains fairly consistent throughout life.
Fundamental characteristics of Personality
Consistency - There is generally a recognizable order and regularity to behaviors. Essentially, people act in the same ways or similar ways in a variety of situations.
Psychological and physiological - Personality is a psychological construct, but research suggests that it is also influenced by biological processes and needs.
It impacts behaviors and actions - Personality does not just influence how we move and respond in our environment; it also causes us to act in certain ways.
Multiple expressions - Personality is displayed in more than just behavior. It can also be seen in our thoughts, feelings, close relationships and other social interactions.
Types of Personality theories
There are a number of different theories about how personality develops. Different schools of thought in psychology influence many of these theories.
Some of these major perspectives on personality include:
Type theories are the early perspectives on personality. These theories suggested that there are a limited number of "personality types" which are related to biological influences.
Trait theories viewed personality as the result of internal characteristics that are genetically based.
Humanist theories emphasize the importance of free will and individual experience in the de.
What is Personality, Basics of Personalityanilbhatt49
Personality is an important topic as it enables us to understand what might work best for our personality type and can give us new ideas to solve problems and face challenges in life by dealing with stress, coping with conflict, and managing our work.
Personality
Personality refers to the enduring characteristics and behavior that comprise a person’s unique adjustment to life, including major traits, interests, drives, values, self-concept, abilities, and emotional patterns. Various theories explain the structure and development of personality in different ways, but all agree that personality helps determine behavior.
The field of personality psychology studies the nature and definition of personality as well as its development, structure and trait constructs, dynamic processes, variations (with emphasis on enduring and stable individual differences), and maladaptive forms.
gold signals
Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that examines personality and its variation among individuals. It aims to show how people are individually different due to psychological forces.[1] Its areas of focus include:
construction of a coherent picture of the individual and their major psychological processes
investigation of individual psychological differences
investigation of human nature and psychological similarities between individuals
"Personality" is a dynamic and organized set of characteristics possessed by an individual that uniquely influences their environment, cognition, emotions, motivations, and behaviors in various situations. The word personality originates from the Latin persona, which means "mask".
توصيات الاسهم الامريكية
Personality also pertains to the pattern of thoughts, feelings, social adjustments, and behaviors persistently exhibited over time that strongly influences one's expectations, self-perceptions, values, and attitudes. Personality also predicts human reactions to other people, problems, and stress.[2][3] Gordon Allport (1937) described two major ways to study personality: the nomothetic and the idiographic. Nomothetic psychology seeks general laws that can be applied to many different people, such as the principle of self-actualization or the trait of extraversion. Idiographic psychology is an attempt to understand the unique aspects of a particular individual.
The study of personality has a broad and varied history in psychology, with an abundance of theoretical traditions. The major theories include dispositional (trait) perspective, psychodynamic, humanistic, biological, behaviorist, evolutionary, and social learning perspective. Many researchers and psychologists do not explicitly identify themselves with a certain perspective and instead take an eclectic approach. Research in this area is empirically driven – such as dimensional models, based on multivariate statistics such as factor analysis – or emphasizes theory development, such as that of the psychodynamic theory. There is also a substantial emphasis on the applied field of personality testing. In psychological education and training, the study of the nature of personality and its psychological development is usually reviewed as a prerequisite to courses in abnormal psychology or clinical psychology.
Personality
Personality refers to the enduring characteristics and behavior
that comprise a person’s unique adjustment to life,
including major traits, interests, drives,
values, self-concept, abilities,
and emotional patterns.
Various theories explain the structure and development
of personality in different ways,
but all agree that personality helps determine behavior.
Read more on https://www.gold-pattern.com/en
ADVERSE EFFECTS OF OVERPOPULATION (POVERTY, ILLITERACY, POLLUTION)SOHAILAHAMED1
ADVERSE EFFECTS OF OVERPOPULATION
(POVERTY, ILLITERACY, POLLUTION) BY SOHAIL AHAMED
@Department of Education
Aligarh Muslim University , Murshidabad Centre
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1. Assessment of personality
SOHAIL AHAMED
Student of B.Ed.
17-BEDW-30
Aligarh Muslim University, Murshidabad Centre
Abstract:
Personality refers to certain qualities in a person’s character which distinguish him from other
people. It is the sum total of the psycho-physical trade of an individual. There are many tools and
techniques for personality assessment of an individual. Basically two major methods of personality
assessment like projective technique and self-report. In this study I am develop an interview, an
observation, case study, and rating scale methods for the data collection. In rating scale there are
50 statement and their 5 opinion. This data was analyzed of qualitative and quantitative approach
by me to cooperate with a Scholar.
Key words:personality, Assessment, rating scale, casestudy:
Introduction:
The term personality is used in a number of ways including the apparent features of a person.
However, psychologists use it to refer to the characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and acting.
By characteristic pattern we mean the consistent and distinctive ways our ideas, feelings and
actions are organized. When we talk about personality we usually refer to the totality or whole of
the person. Thus, the enduring pattern expressed by the person in various situations is the hall mark
of personality. Interestingly the theories of personality go beyond the literal meaning of
“personality” which stands for large masks used by actors in ancient Greek drama. Contrary to this
the personality theorists view ‘personality’ as the essence of the person. It is a person’s “true” inner
nature. The unique impression that a person makes on others is equally important in understanding
personality. However the concept of personality has been defined by psychologists in many ways
and it is the theoretical perspective or position which directs our attention to particular aspects of
personality.
2. Definition of personality:
Personality is the sum total of the physical, mental, emotional, and social characteristic of an
individual. It is the totality of qualities and traits, as of character or behavior that are particular to
a specific person.
According to R.B. Cattell (1970) “Personality is that which permits a prediction of what a person
will do in a situation.”
According to Allport (1948) “Personality is the dynamic organization within the individual of
that psychophysical system that determines his unique adjustments to his environment”
Theories of personality:
The theories of personality in general can be classified into the following categories:
Type approach: The viewpoint of Hippocrates, Kretscmer, Sheldon, and Jung belong in
this categories.
Traits approach: Allport’s theory and Cattell’s theory belong in this categories.
Type cum traits approach: Theory like Eysenck’s theory can be put under this categories.
Pscho-analytical approach: Theories like psycho-analytic, individual psychology,
analytical psychology, and psycho-social theories of personality may be included in this
categories.
Humanistic approach: Carl Roger’s self-theory and Maslow’s self-actualization theory
involve in this categories.
Assessment of personality:
In view of the fact that the knowledge about personality is useful in many settings researchers have
developed a variety of tools for its assessment. These tools can be categorized into three types
namely observational, self-report and projective. The observational tools include interview, rating
of a person in one or many situations. Projective tests are a special kind of test in which ambiguous
material is used and the person whose personality is being tested has to give his or her own meaning
or interpretation. Thus, it is expected that the personality of the examinee will be projected in the
response given by him or her.
3. Discussion:
On the basis of data through the observation, case study, interview and rating scale. I discuss
assessment of personality of my friend Modassar Hossain the followings-
According to Kreschmer’s:
On the basis of data his personality is Pyknic (having fat body), personality characteristics is
sociable, jolly, easy-going and good natured because his height is 5.6”, and weight is 70kg, he is
strong, fat having no physical handicapped.
According to Sheldon’s:
As of Sheldon, he is Mesomorphic because he is balanced development of viscera and somatic
structure. His personal characteristics craving for muscular activity, self-assertive, loves risk and
adventure.
According to Spranger’s:
He is falls in theoretical, social, and political because he is interest in discovery in truth, social
worker and interest in primary in power.
According to Allport’s:
As of Allport theory he belongs under Central traits that are those few characteristics which can
be ordinarily used to describe as honesty, kindness, submissiveness, conservative, dominance etc.
According to Cattell’s:
His characteristics are according to Cattell (16-PF)-
4. Primary Factor Descriptors of High Range
Warmth(A)
Warm, outgoing, attentive to others, kindly, easy-going, participating, likes
people
Reasoning(B)
Abstract-thinking, more intelligent, bright, higher general mental capacity,
fast learner
Emotional Stability(C) Emotionally stable, adaptive, mature, faces reality calmly
Dominance(E) Dominant, forceful, assertive,aggressive, competitive, stubborn, bossy
Liveliness(F)
Lively, animated, spontaneous, enthusiastic, happy go lucky, cheerful,
expressive, impulsive
Rule-Consciousness(G)
Rule-conscious, dutiful, conscientious, conforming, moralistic, staid, rule
bound
Social Boldness(H) Socially bold, venturesome, thick skinned, uninhibited
Sensitivity(I) Sensitive, aesthetic, sentimental, tender minded, intuitive, refined
Vigilance(L) Vigilant, suspicious, skeptical, distrustful, oppositional
Abstractedness(M) Abstract,imaginative, absent minded, impractical, absorbed in ideas
Privateness(N)
Private, discreet, no disclosing, shrewd, polished, worldly, astute,
diplomatic
Apprehension(O)
Apprehensive, self-doubting, worried, guilt prone, insecure, worrying, self-
blaming
Openness to
Change(Q1)
Open to change,experimental, liberal, analytical, critical, free thinking,
flexibility
Self-Reliance(Q2) Self-reliant, solitary, resourceful, individualistic, self-sufficient
Perfectionism(Q3)
Perfectionistic, organized, compulsive, self-disciplined, socially precise,
exacting will power, control, self-sentimental
Tension(Q4) Tense,high energy, impatient, driven, frustrated, over wrought, time driven.
5. According to Jung’s:
On the basis of rating scale data the friend’s total marks is 171.total statements are 50 each
statement carries maximum 5 marks and minimum 1 mark.so, total rating scale marks is 50*5=250
is maximum, lowest 50*1=50, an average marks (50+250)/2=150, My friend’s obtain 171 it is
above average. So, belongs to positive Ambivert that’s means who has a balance of extrovert and
introvert features in their personality.
Conclusion:
On the basis of the above discussion I concluded that Personality is very difficult and complex
thinking, it’s assess is possible but very difficult without any expert it not possible. My friend
Sohail Ahamed is a very
References:
Mangal,S.K.(2017) Advanced Educational Psychology, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi: India
Adler,A. (1927) Practice and Theory of Individual Psychology, Harcourt Brace and World, New
York
Allport, G.W (1948) A Psychological interpretation, Holt,New York: pp.28, 49
Cattell, R.B (1987) Personality Pinned Down, Psychology Today, Little Brown & Co.: Boston
Sheldon, W.H. (1942) The Varities of Temperament: A psychology of Constitutional Differences
Harper, New York
Kretschmer, E (1925) Physique and Character, Harcourt Brace: New York