ADVERSE EFFECTS OF OVERPOPULATION (POVERTY, ILLITERACY, POLLUTION) BY SOHAIL AHAMED @Department of Education Aligarh Muslim University , Murshidabad Centre

1. ADVERSE EFFECTS OF OVERPOPULATION
(POVERTY, ILLITERACY, POLLUTION)

2. Overpopulation is an undesirable condition where the
number of existing human population exceeds the
carrying capacity of Earth. Overpopulation is caused by
number of factors. Reduced mortality rate, better medical
facilities, depletion of precious resources are few of the
causes which results in overpopulation. It is possible for
a sparsely populated area to become densely populated if
it is not able to sustain life.
INTRODUCTION

3. ■ India has 2.4 % world land area and 17.5% of world’s population.
■ Present population of India is 1.21 billion
■ Year 1921- “Big divide”
■ India’s population currently increasing at rate of 16 million/year.
■ As per Census 2011, the average annual exponential growth rate is
1.64% in India.
Population projections:
If our population continue to
grow at this rate by 2050
India’s population will be 1.53
billion.
Few Facts on population of india

4. 1. Increase in the Birth Rate
2. Decline in the Death Rate
3. Better Medical Facilities
4. More Hands to Overcome Poverty
5. Technological Advancement in Fertility Treatment
6. Immigration
7. Lack of Family Planning
Causes of overpopulation

5. Poverty is a state or condition in which a person or
community lacks the financial resources and essentials
for a minimum standard of living.
At present, 28.5% of the Indian population lives below
the poverty line. In the category of poor falls the people
whose daily income is less than 33 rupees a day in cities
and 27 rupees a day in villages.
overpopulation and poverty

6. ■ 60% of the poor still reside in the states of Bihar,
Jharkhand, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh,
Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. The reason for these
states to be in the category of the poorest state is
because 85% of tribal people live there. Also, most of
these regions are either flood-prone or suffer from
calamities. These conditions hamper agriculture to a
great extent, on which the household income of these
people depends.
overpopulation and poverty CONTD…

7. ■ According to the recent Global Hunger Index Report
2012 by the International Food Research Institute,
India ranks 97th in Global Hunger Index.
■ High population growth rate is one of major reasons of
poverty in India. This further leads to high level of
illiteracy, poor health care facilities and lack of access
to financial resources. Also, high population growth
affects the per capita income and makes per capita
income even lower.
overpopulation and poverty CONTD…

8.  Illiteracy is one of the biggest problems that India is
facing in contemporary world. Illiteracy is the mother
of various other issues like poverty, population
explosion, unemployment, child labour.
 Illiteracy is defined as not being able to read and write
which affects many people; the number of people
incapable of reading or writing in a certain area or
country is known as the illiteracy rate.
overpopulation and illiteracy

9. ■ Overpopulation adversely effects on illiteracy because
if one country have huge population then that country
fail to provide proper schooling facility, good quality
education.
■ Parents with little schooling, lack of concentration,
difficult living conditions, poverty, unemployment,
these are causes which lead illiteracy among people.
■ In India lowest literacy is found in the state of Bihar
(61.8 %) , Arunachal Pradesh (65.38 %), Rajasthan
(66.11%) and Jharkhand (66.41%)
overpopulation and illiteracy CONTD…

10. Pollution is the addition of particulate matters (substances)
to the air, water and soil, which yield harm to man’s health
and cause harmful effects to other life forms.
Because of overpopulation, more waste is generated each
day. Below are some of the causes of these different types
of pollution
overpopulation and Pollution

11. Improper dumping: Dumping of sewage and garbage in lakes,
rivers, and other bodies of water can cause water pollution. This
harms aquatic life. Some of this pollution is caused by oil spills
and toxic materials leading to biological magnification”(the
increase in the concentration of harmful substances to toxic
levels as it moves higher in the food chain).
overpopulation and Pollution CONTD…

12. Non-biodegradable products: Industries manufacture
products which are non-biodegradable. These products
last for years, or even a lifetime. These products include:
detergents, plastics and other synthetic products.
overpopulation and Pollution CONTD…

13. Vehicles/industrial emission: These release chemicals
into the air, which eventually cause air pollution. Air
pollution is widely caused by vehicular emissions, which
might cause respiratory problems. Industry is one of the
major causes of carbon dioxide emissions, which leads to
climate change.
overpopulation and Pollution CONTD…

15. Overpopulation will occurs as the declining in the natural
resources day by day.
There are many social impacts that result from the
overpopulation which are poverty, illiteracy,
unemployment, pollution, high living cost, conflict and
wars.
Decreasing in number of population will not ensure to
overcome the overpopulation problem.
The strategies to overcome overpopulation issue should
be improvise.
conclusion

16. 1. https://owlcation.com/social-sciences/Human-
Overpopulation-Its-Causes-Effects-and-Solutions
2. https://www.mapsofindia.com/my-
india/society/poverty-in-india-and-its-causes
3.https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-
and-nation/7-of-the-top-10-most-polluted-cities-in-
the-world-are-in-india/articleshow/68264913.cms
4. https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-
effects-solutions-of-overpopulation.php
References