The document discusses the female reproductive system. It defines embryology and outlines the external and internal genital parts of the female reproductive system. It describes menstruation and the phases of the menstrual cycle. It also discusses disorders of the female reproductive system and treatments. Key parts of the system include the ovaries, uterus, vagina, and Fallopian tubes. The external genitalia include the labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and vestibule. Menstruation occurs in cycles and shows signs of puberty in females.

1. 1

2. Presented to
DR. Qurat-ul-Ain Arif
Presented by
Muhammad Asif Sami
Batch:04
Institute: D.I.R.S Dewan University
2

3. Definition of Embryology.
Definition Female Reproductive system.
External genital parts of Female Reproductive system.
Internal genital parts of female Reproductive system.
Definition of Mesturation.
Histology of Female Reproductive System.
Phases of Mesturation
Quick review of phases of mesturation.
Disorders in female reproductive system.
Treatments.
Sumarry
References.
3

4. Embryology comes from a “Greek” word embryon.
Embryon means “unborn”
It is a branch of biology that studied the parental
development of gametes and development an embryos
and fetus.
4

5. Female Reproductive system:
5

6. Female Reproductive System:
Female reproductive system is the most sensitive part
of the body of female.
Female reproductive system includes external &
internal genital organs
External genital organs is also known as “VULVA”
Internal genital organs is also known as “CERVIX”
6

7. External Genital Organs:
Extenal genital organs of female consist of ten parts
Mons Pubis.
Labia Majora.
Labia Minora.
Clitoris.
Vestibule.
Urethral Orifice.
Vaginal Orifice.
Hymen.
Bartholin’s Glands.
Perineum.
7

8. 1)Mons Pubis:
Mons Pubis is a rounded eminence present in front of
the pubic symphysis .
It is formed by accumulation of subcutaneous fat.
It is covered with pubic hair.
2)Labia Majora:
Labia majora are two outer thick folde of skin enclosing fat
Their outer surface covered with hairs
Inner surface is covered with large sebaceous glands.
8

9. External Genital parts :
9

10. 3)Labia Minora:
Labia minora are teo thin small folds of skin.
Its length is about 4cm (1.5 inch).
The inner surface of labia mibnora are covered with
sebaceous glands.
10

11. 4)clitoris:
The clitoris is an erectile organ homologus with the
male organ like “penis”.
This surface plays an major role in sexual response.
11

12. 5) Vestibule of vagina:
Vestibule of vagina is a space between two labuia
minora.
It has the two parts.
Urethral orifice
Vaginal orifice.
6) urethral orifice:
 the urethral orifice lies about 2.5cm behind the clitoris and
just in front of vaginal orifice.
12

13. 13

14. 7) Vaginal orifice:
Vaginal orifice lies in the posterior part of the vestibule
and partly close a thin membrane called the “HYMEN”.
8) Hymen :
Hymen is a thin membrane that suirrounds a partially
covers the external vaginal opening.
14

15. 9) bartholin’s glands:
Barholin’s glands are homologus with the cowper’s
glands in male.
Each glands has a long duct and open at the side of
hymen and the labia minora.
10) Perineum:
Perineum is the region situated at lower end of the trunk in
the interval between two thighs.
The external genitalia are located in the perineum.
15

16. Hymen sheath Bartholin’s duct
16

17. Perineum:
17

18. Internal genital organ:
18

19. Internal genital organ:
Internal genital organ consists of 4 parts.
Vagina.
Uterus
Follapian Tube.
Ovaries.
19

20. 1) Vagina:
The vagina is a fibro muscular canal forming the
female copulatory organ.
The term “vagina” means a sheath.
The vagina extends from the vulva to the uterus.
20

21. 2) uterus:
Uterus is a child bearing organ in females situated in
the pelvis between bladder and the rectum.
It is a thick walled and firmed and it is easily palpated
in females.
It provides nutrition to fertilize the ovum.
21

22. 3) follapian’s tubes:
The Follapian’s tubes is also known as uterine tubes.
Fertilization takes place in the lateral part of the
Follapian’s tubes.
It has four divisions.
Infundibulum.
Ampulla.
Isthmus .
Interstitial part.
22

23. 4) ovaries:
The ovaries are the female gonads.
Each ovary lies in the ovarian foosa.
In young girls before the onset of ovulation, it has a
smooth surface and which are greyish pink in colour.
After puberty, the surface become uneven and the
colour become totally grey.
23

24. Mesturation:
Mesturation is a process which shows the sign of
puberty in females.
Mesturation is start from
It starts after 21 days in each months
And the duration of mesturation is totally about 5-7
days and maximum about 10 days
24

25. Menstrual cycle:
25

26. Histology of female reprouctive system
The female genital organs is made up of histologically
2 layers.
Endometrium (inner membrane) cyclic changes in 3
phases of mestural cycle
 Myometrium (outer layer) circular coats and have lots
of arterioles.
26

27. Phases of mensturation:
27

28. 28

29. 29

30. Disorders in female reproductive system:
30

31. 31

32. 32

33. Treatment:
33

34. Summary:
Female Reproductive system is the most sensitive part
of a body of female.
Produce sex harmones.(Estrogen & Progesteron).
Produce egg (ova)
Support and protect developing embryo.
Give birth to a new baby .
External genital organ consist of 10 parts.
Internal genital organs consist of 4 parts.
Menturation shows signs of puberty in females.
Mesturation cycle consist of 4 phases.
34

35. References”
Gray’s Anatomy by Susan Standing 41st Edition
Clinical Oriented Anatomy by Richard snell’s 9th
Edition.
Intermediate biology book .
Digrams by mariam webster.com.
Anatomy & Physiology book by Dr. Syeda Azam.
35

36. 36

37. 37