The document provides a comprehensive overview of the female reproductive system, detailing both internal and external structures and their functions in reproduction, sexual maturation, and childbirth. It describes key components such as the vulva, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, highlighting their roles in copulation, fertilization, and fetal development. Additionally, it mentions secondary characteristics such as menstruation and hormonal changes throughout a woman's life.

1. PREPARED BY:
AINIE- RIZA H.
RIGONAN
FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM

2. The female reproductive system is made up of
internal organs and external structures. Its
function is to enable reproduction of the
species. Sexual maturation is the process that
this system undergoes in order to carry out its
role in the process of pregnancy and birth.
The reproductive organ in female are those
which concerned with copulation, fertilization,
growth and development of fetus and its
subsequent exit to the outer world.
INTRODUCTION

3. Produce sex hormones
Estrogen, Progesterone
Produce egg (ova or oocytes)
Support & protect developing embryo
Give birth to new baby
ROLES OF FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM

4. 4
FEMALE: LATERAL VIEW

5. The female reproductive organs can
be subdivided into:
a) External genitalia or Vulva
b) Internal genitalia
c) Accessory reproductive organs.
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

6. EXTERNAL GENITILIA
The vulva refers to those parts that are outwardly
visible.
The vulva includes:
• Mons pubis
• Labia majora
• Labia minora
• Clitoris
• Urethral opening
• Vaginal opening
• Perineum

7. The triangular mound of
fatty tissue that covers
the pubic bone
It protects the pubic
symphysis
During adolescence sex
hormones trigger the
growth of pubic hair on
the mons pubis
Hair varies in coarseness
curliness, amount, color
and thickness
MONS PUBIS

8.  Referred to as the outer lips
 They have a darker pigmentation
The Labia Majora:
 Protect the introitus and urethral
openings
 Are covered with hair and
sebaceous glands
 Tend to be smooth, moist, and
hairless
 The labia majora contain sweat
and oil-secreting glands
 Become flaccid with age and
after childbirth
LABIA MAJORA
Labia Majora

9.  Referred to as the “inner
lips”
 Made up of erectile,
connective tissue that
darkens and swells during
sexual arousal
 Located inside the labia
majora
 They are more sensitive
and responsive to touch
than the labia majora
 The labia minora tightens
during intercourse
LABIA MINORA
Labia Minora

10.  Highly sensitive organ
composed of nerves, blood
vessels, and erectile tissue
 It is made up of a shaft and a
glans
 Becomes engorged with blood
during sexual stimulation
 Key to sexual pleasure for most
women
 Urethral opening is located
directly below clitoris
CLITORIS
Clitoris

11. Opening may be covered by a
thin sheath called the hymen
Using the presence of an
intact hymen for determining
virginity is erroneous
The hymen can be perforated
by many different events
VAGINAL OPENING
INTROITUS

12. The muscle and tissue located between the
vaginal opening and anal canal
It supports and surrounds the lower parts of
the urinary and digestive tracts
The perineum contains an abundance of nerve
endings that make it sensitive to touch
An episiotomy is an incision of the perineum
used during childbirth for widening the vaginal
opening
PERINEUM

13. THE INTERNAL GENITALIA CONSISTS OF
THE:
VAGINA
CERVIX
UTERUS
FALLOPIAN TUBES
OVARIES
INTERNAL GENITALIA

14. The vagina connects the cervix
to the external genitals
It is located between the
bladder and rectum
It functions :
As a passageway for the
menstrual flow
For uterine secretions to pass
down through the introitus
As the birth canal during labor
VAGINA
Vagina

15.  The cervix connects the
uterus to the vagina
 The cervical opening to the
vagina is small
 This acts as a safety
precaution against foreign
bodies entering the uterus
 During childbirth, the cervix
dilates to accommodate the
passage of the fetus
 This dilation is a sign that
labor has begun
CERVIX
Cervix

16.  Commonly referred to as the womb
 A pear shaped organ about the size
of a clenched fist
 It is made up of the endometrium,
myometrium and perimetrium
 Consists of blood-enriched tissue
that sloughs off each month during
menstrual cycle
 The powerful muscles of the uterus
expand to accommodate a growing
fetus and push it through the birth
canal
UTERUS

17. Serve as a pathway for the
ovum to the uterus
Are the site of fertilization
by the male sperm
Often referred to as the
oviducts or uterine tubes
Fertilized egg takes
approximately 6 to 10 days
to travel through the
fallopian tube to implant in
the uterine lining
FALLOPIAN TUBES
Fallopian
Tube

18.  The female gonads or sex glands
 They develop and expel an ovum each
month
 A woman is born with approximately
400,000 immature eggs called follicles
 During a lifetime a woman release at
400 to 500 fully matured eggs for
fertilization
 The follicles in the ovaries produce the
female sex hormones, progesterone and
estrogen
 These hormones prepare the uterus for
implantation of the fertilized egg
OVARIES
Ovary

19.  Any area can be arousing depending
on the type of stimulation and the
perceptions of the recipient
 Breasts (mammary glands) –
modified sweat glands that produce
milk; fatty tissue, 15 to 20 lobes,
and milk-producing glands (alveoli)
Nipple, areola
 Sucking stimulates pituitary gland
to release prolactin (begin milk
synthesis) and oxytocin (release of
milk)
OTHER SEX ORGANS

20. MENSTRUATION
• Menarch, the onset of menstruation signals the
bodily changes that transform a female body
• Average age is 12.8
• Amount of bleeding varies from woman to woman
• Expulsion of blood clots
• Blood color can vary from bright red to dark maroon
• Usually occurs every 25 to 32 days
• Women can experience fluid retention, cramping,
mood swings, weight gain, breast tenderness,
diarrhea, and constipation