Oil seed processing

1. Application of Expanders and
Extruders for Oil Seed Processing
Dr. R. T. Patil
Fmr Director
Central Institute of Post Harvest
Engineering & Technology, Ludhiana

2. Oil Extraction
•Oil Seed Production of India is 33 million tonnes,
losses are to about 6%.
•Oil from by products
–Rice Bran
–Maize Germ
–Millet bran
•Oilseed processing is a major segment, an activity
largely concentrated in the cottage industry.
• 2.5 lakh ghanis and kolus which are animal operated
oil expellers (cake has 15% fat)
•50,000 mechanical oil expellers (Cake 6-8%)
•15,500 oil mills (Cake 5-6%)
•725 solvent extraction plants (Cake/Meal <1%)
•300 oil refineries and
•over 175 hydrogenated vegetable oil plants.

3. Oil Expelling Techniques

4. SINGLE SCREW EXTRUDER

5. Extruder Expelled Product Quality
The high temperature-short time extrusion
cooking process eliminates the prolonged
heating and holding of raw material in
conventional expelling. Under the
experimental conditions, press cake with
50% protein, 6% residual oil and 90%
inactivation of trypsin inhibitors was
obtained

7. Extruder Expelling Process
• Coarsely ground whole soybeans at 10 to
14% moisture are extrusion cooked to get
extrudate in a semi-fluid state.
• The dwell time within the extruder was less
than 30 seconds, and the temperature was
raised to about 135 C.
• The semi-fluid extrudate is immediately
pressed in a conventional screw press
• High quality oil and press cake is obtained
Oil recovery of above 70-75% was obtained
in single pass expelling

8. • Capacity 100 kg /h
• Oil recovery 65 – 70 % in
single pass
• Good quality MFSF (Protein
48 %, Fat 6-8 %, TI
Inactivation up to 70 %)
•Development of commercial
unit ( 250 kg /h) in progress
in collaboration with a
manufacturer
Integral Extrusion Expelling Unit

9. EXPANDER - EXTRACTION

11. Oil Recovery during Expansion
The flaked and heated rapeseed at 44% oil content, is fed
directly into the expander. Live steam is injected about
halfway down the barrel and 15-20% oil is expressed
leaving 25-30% oil in collets.
The oil recovered is 3-5% solids level, less than 0.3%
moisture level, and is of the same, or better, quality as
pre-press oil.
The expander operates at lower temperature than a
prepress, and most of the heat is supplied through
injected steam rather than shaft friction.
The maximum temperature reaches at 110-115°C at a
point 150 mm upstream of the die openings.
Oil flows from material at 87-115"C, average oil
temperature being 85-95°C.

12. Thank You
Contact: ramabhau@gmail.com
Mob. No. 8964030701