Anthelmintic plants and herbs
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This document discusses several plants and herbs that have potential as natural anthelmintic agents. It provides information on the traditional uses and scientific evidence for anthelmintic activity of plants such as myrrh, sacred basil, chinaberry tree, sweet wormwood, papaya, black cumin, leguminous root crop Moghania vestita, black walnut, tansy, Spanish cherry, pomegranate, thyme, asafetida, embelia, picrasma, chenopodium, echinacea, ginkgo, asparagus, clover, fig, pumpkin, and ajwain. The document suggests that while synthetic medicines are very effective,
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2. Resins are classified based on their chemical composition and whether they contain volatile oils, gums, or aromatic acids. Major types include resin acids, resin esters, resin alcohols, resin phenols, and resenes.
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Rauwolfia
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Anthelmintic plants and herbs
- 2. Ideal Anthelmintic Agent Broad Spectrum of Action High cure rate with single dose Free from toxicity to host Cost effective But no synthetic agent meets all requirements
- 3. Why need a new anthelmintic Resistance of parasites to the common drugs High costs Side effects Availability
- 4. Anthelmintic plants & herbs Synthetic medicines are very effective in curing diseases but also have many side effects. Although less efficient, but herbal plants are relatively free from side effects.
- 5. Myrrh Myrrh is an aromatic resin obtained from various plant species of genus Commiphora It’s a safe and effective treatment for fascioliasis and schistosomiasis at 1012 mg/kg/day for 6 days
- 6. Ocimum Sanctum Linn. It’s also known as Sacred Basil. The essential oil contains eugenol, β-caryophyllene, and other monoterpenes. The plant showed potent in vitro anthelmintic activity.
- 7. Melia azedarach L. Native to India, China and Persia. The extract were tested against tapeworm and earthworm. Efficacy were found to be even better than piperazine phosphate against tapeworm.
- 8. Artemisia annua Also known as sweet wormwood, sweet annie, sweet sagewort. Artemether, a methyl ether derivative, has proven efficacy against S,haematobium, S. japonicum and S.mansoni.
- 9. Carica papaya Linn. Papaya contains benzyl isothiocyanate as major anthelmintic agent. The extracts were tested on nematodes (Ascaris lumricoides & Ascaridia galli). The compound affect energy metabolism and motor activity of parasites.
- 10. Nigella sativa L. Along with anthelmintic activity it’s digestive, carminative, diuretic and astringent activities. Contains thymoquinone, & α-Pinene as active ingredients. Shows anthelmintic activity against tapeworm and hookworm.
- 11. Moghania vestita It’s a leguminous root crop White root tubers are usually eaten raw Has a reputation as an anthelmintic Genistien, the active ingredient, successfully tested against various trematodes and nematodes & has shown good results.
- 12. Juglan nigra & Tansy Juglans nigra (black walnut) and tansy used particularly in treating nematodes infestation, especially enterobiasis. Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) is most common cosmopolitan parasite.
- 13. Mimusops elengi An evergreen tree found in South Asia, Southeast Asia & northern Australia. Commonly known as Spanish cherry, medlar, and bullet wood. Plant used as Astringent, Cardiotonic,alexipharmic, stomachic, and anthelmintic Tannins of the plant cause uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation.
- 14. Punica granatum Linn. Root and stem bark of the plant used as astringent & anthelmintic. Alcoholic extract of the plant inhibit transformation of eggs to filariform larvae of Haemonchus contortus. It also shows efficacy against nematodiasis.
- 15. Thymus vulgaris Thymus vulgaris is a species of flowering plant in the mint family. Shows a great efficacy in treating hookworm infestation at a dose of 2-3ml extract three times a day. Hookworm infect more than 1 billion people worldwide.
- 16. Some other anthelmintic plants and herbs Ferula asafoetida Embelia ribes Picrasma excelsa Chenopodium ambrosioides Echinacea purpurea Ginkgo biloba Asparagus L. Trifolium repens Ficus insipida Cucurbita maxima Trachyspermum ammi