Garlic Pharmacognosy Pharmacolgy

1. GARLIC PLANT
Bulb and cloves

2. INTRODUCTION
• FAMILY: LILIACEAE.
• BOTANICAL NAME: ALLIUM SATIVUM LINN.
• ENGLISH NAME : GARLIC.
• URDU NAME: LASSAN.
• PART USED : BULB.
• CHEMICAL CLASS :
FLAVONOIDS,GLYCOSIDES,ALKALOIDS.

3. CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS
• ALLICIN(YELLOWISH LIQUID).
• ALIIN.
• MUCILAGE.
• ALBUMIN.
• ALPHA-GLUTAMYL PEPTIDES.
• VOLATILE OILS.
• AMINO-ACIDS AS:METHIONINE,LUCINE,CYSTEINE.
• VITAMIN C.

4. USES
• ANTI-CANCER.
• FLAVOURING AGENT.
• TREAT DAIBETES.
• PREVENT ATHEROSECLEROSIS.
• FOR TREATING RESPIRATORY DISEASES AS
BRONCHITIS,ASTHAMA,TUBERCLOSIS.
• EXPECTORANT.
• STIMULANT.
• HYPERTENSION.
• SKIN TREATMENT IN FUNGAL INFECTIONS.

5. DOSAGE
• FOR B.P EXTRACT 600-1200mg,3.5-29mg WEEKLY
FOR CANCER PREVNTION,FOR FUNGAL
INFECTIONS 0.4%
TOXICOLOGY
• WEIGHT LOSS,INCREASE LIVER SPLEEN RATIO,SKIN BURNS
INTERNAL BLEEDING.
ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
• ORAL,TOPICAL.
SOLUBILITY
• ALLICIN IS SOLUBLE IN ALCHOL,ETHER.

6. SIDE EFFECTS
• SOME PEOPLE SUFFER FROM ALLERGIC
REACTIONS.
• MAY CAUSE SEVERE BURNS IF TOPICALLY
APPLIED TO SKIN.
• FDA STUDY APPROVES MAY CAUSE GIT
DISCOMFORT,DIARHOEAE.
• IN CHILDREN CAUSE DIAPER RASHES,BLISTER
FORMATION.
• DIZZINESS.
• MENSTRUAL IRREGULARITIES.

7. DRUG INTERACTIONS
• ISO-NIAZIDS(NYDRAZID)GARLIC REDUCE THEIR
ABSORPTION.
• NUCLEOSIDE REVERS ETRANSCRITASE
INHIBITORS(NNRTIS) AS ANTI AIDS GARLIC INCREASE
THEIR BREAKDOWN IN BODY SO WILL REDUCE THEIR
EFFECTIVENESS.
• BIRTH CONTROL PILLS CONTAIN ESTROGEN GARLIC
ICREASE ITS BREAKDOWN IN BODY SO REDUCE THEIR
EFFECTIVENESS.
• CYCLOSPORINE ACTION IS ALSO REDUCED IF GARLIC IS
TAKEN BECAUSE IT INCREASE ITS BREAKDOWN.

8. CONTRAINDICATIONS
• POSSIBLY SAFE DURING PREGNANCY FOR SHORT TERM
USE BUT CAN BE UNSAFE IF TAKEN IN MEDICINAL
AMOUNTS.
• ALSO UNSAFE FOR CHILDREN IN HIGH DOSAGE.

9. REFRENCES
• HTTP://WWW.KOOP-PHYTO.ORG/EN/MEDICINAL-PLANTS
• HTTP://WWW.THEHERBPROF.COM.HTM
• WWW.DRUGS.COM
• WWW.M.WEBMD.COM
• TEXT BOOK OF PHARMACOGNOSY AND PHYTOCHEMISTRY
BY BIREN SHAH/A.K.SETH