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Alternate Sources of
Energy
SHARON.M
MBG 1505032
What is alternate sources of energy?
 Alternate Sources of energy can be defines as :
“Any source of energy that can be an alternative or can supplement
the conventionally used sources of energy”
 Conventionally sources of energy : Fossil fuel base-Coal, petroleum, natural gas etc
 Alternative sources of energy : Solar, Wind, Tidal, Geothermal, Nuclear etc
Alternative Sources of Energy V/s Renewable
Sources of Energy
 Though often used interchangeably, alternative sources of energy and renewable sources of energy
has a fine line of difference
 Renewable sources of energy comes from a natural source and replenishes itself after use
Eg:- Solar, Wind, Hydro, Geothermal
 Alternative sources of energy is not essentially from a natural source and does not replenishes
itself after use
Eg:- Nuclear energy, Fuel cells, Electricity used for transportation
Need for Alternate Sources of Energy
 Limited Fossil Fuel Resources:-
-Fossil fuel resources are the results of process taking millions of years.
-Earliest fossil fuel deposits are from Cambrian period (500 million years ago)
-Every year we consume 11 billion tonnes of oil in fossil fuels
-At this rate, our known deposits will be over by 2052
 Environmental Pollution:-
- Fossil fuels are the principal contributor to environmental pollution
-Toxic outputs like Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Sulphur dioxide causes problems to
health and environment
Alternate Sources of Energy-An Indian Perspective
 India is the 4th largest energy consumer in the world (after China, USA and Russia)
 India is the 4th largest crude oil importer (2008) and 5th largest refinery capability (4.1%)
 India is the 3rd largest producer of electricity (278.734GwH,4.8% of Global capacity)
 72% of India’s electricity comes from non-renewable sources of energy, 28% from renewable
sources of energy
 Coal constitutes 59% of India’s electricity production
 India’s dependence on fossil fuels has raised to 38% in 2012
Alternate Sources of Energy-An Indian Perspective(Contd).
 India was the first country in the world to set a dedicated ministry for non-conventional sources of
energy (Ministry of New and Renewable Sources of Energy,1992, Piyush Goyal)
 Popular alternate sources of energy in India are :-
(i)Wind Power
(ii)Solar Power
(iii) Hydro Power
(iv)Nuclear power
(i) Wind Power
 Fifth largest producer of wind power in the world,with 28,214 MW installed capacity
 Indian owned ‘Suzlon’ is a major player, and accounts for 7.7% of global windmill sales
 Muppandal wind farm in Tamil Nadu is the largest in India (3000 Turbines;1500MW)
 Advantages-Pollution free, clean source of energy, requires less than 1 acre for a megawatt
 Disadvantages- Location specific, unpredictability
(ii)Solar Power
 India has 4346 MW of Solar power capacity as of 2015 (1.9% of global output)
 Rajasthan and Gujarat are India’s leading solar power producing states
 Gujarat Solar Power Park is the largest in Asia (605 MW)
 Advantages- Pollution free, convenient for house hold applications
 Disadvantages-High initial cost, weather and location dependence, technological limitations
(iii)Hydro Power
 India is the 6th largest producer of Hydroelectric power in the world
 41,992 MW installed capacity as 2015 (15% of India’s energy output)
 Koyna Hydro Power Plant in Maharashtra is the largest Hydropower plant in India with 1,960 MW
 Advantages :- Production throughout the year, can be multi-purpose, once in operation does not
cause air pollution
 Disadvantages :- Complicated and expensive construction, permanent ecological changes
(iv) Nuclear Power
 India has a total 5780 MW nuclear power capacity as of 2013 (21 reactors, 7 plants)
 India is 9th in terms of number of operational nuclear power plants
 India has less than 2% of global uranium reserves and more than 25% of Thorium reserves
 India has been leading the world in research and development of Thorium based nuclear
reactors
 Advantages:- More amount of energy can be produced (10,000 tonnes of coal=500 Kg of
uranium), Clean & Fast, Safety can be easily implemented,Cheap energy ( Rs 3/KwH),Low waste
generation
 Disadvantages:-High cost & Expertise of installation, failures can be catastrophic, waste
management
Thank You

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Alternate sources of energy

  • 2. What is alternate sources of energy?  Alternate Sources of energy can be defines as : “Any source of energy that can be an alternative or can supplement the conventionally used sources of energy”  Conventionally sources of energy : Fossil fuel base-Coal, petroleum, natural gas etc  Alternative sources of energy : Solar, Wind, Tidal, Geothermal, Nuclear etc
  • 3. Alternative Sources of Energy V/s Renewable Sources of Energy  Though often used interchangeably, alternative sources of energy and renewable sources of energy has a fine line of difference  Renewable sources of energy comes from a natural source and replenishes itself after use Eg:- Solar, Wind, Hydro, Geothermal  Alternative sources of energy is not essentially from a natural source and does not replenishes itself after use Eg:- Nuclear energy, Fuel cells, Electricity used for transportation
  • 4. Need for Alternate Sources of Energy  Limited Fossil Fuel Resources:- -Fossil fuel resources are the results of process taking millions of years. -Earliest fossil fuel deposits are from Cambrian period (500 million years ago) -Every year we consume 11 billion tonnes of oil in fossil fuels -At this rate, our known deposits will be over by 2052  Environmental Pollution:- - Fossil fuels are the principal contributor to environmental pollution -Toxic outputs like Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Sulphur dioxide causes problems to health and environment
  • 5. Alternate Sources of Energy-An Indian Perspective  India is the 4th largest energy consumer in the world (after China, USA and Russia)  India is the 4th largest crude oil importer (2008) and 5th largest refinery capability (4.1%)  India is the 3rd largest producer of electricity (278.734GwH,4.8% of Global capacity)  72% of India’s electricity comes from non-renewable sources of energy, 28% from renewable sources of energy  Coal constitutes 59% of India’s electricity production  India’s dependence on fossil fuels has raised to 38% in 2012
  • 6. Alternate Sources of Energy-An Indian Perspective(Contd).  India was the first country in the world to set a dedicated ministry for non-conventional sources of energy (Ministry of New and Renewable Sources of Energy,1992, Piyush Goyal)  Popular alternate sources of energy in India are :- (i)Wind Power (ii)Solar Power (iii) Hydro Power (iv)Nuclear power
  • 7. (i) Wind Power  Fifth largest producer of wind power in the world,with 28,214 MW installed capacity  Indian owned ‘Suzlon’ is a major player, and accounts for 7.7% of global windmill sales  Muppandal wind farm in Tamil Nadu is the largest in India (3000 Turbines;1500MW)  Advantages-Pollution free, clean source of energy, requires less than 1 acre for a megawatt  Disadvantages- Location specific, unpredictability
  • 8. (ii)Solar Power  India has 4346 MW of Solar power capacity as of 2015 (1.9% of global output)  Rajasthan and Gujarat are India’s leading solar power producing states  Gujarat Solar Power Park is the largest in Asia (605 MW)  Advantages- Pollution free, convenient for house hold applications  Disadvantages-High initial cost, weather and location dependence, technological limitations
  • 9. (iii)Hydro Power  India is the 6th largest producer of Hydroelectric power in the world  41,992 MW installed capacity as 2015 (15% of India’s energy output)  Koyna Hydro Power Plant in Maharashtra is the largest Hydropower plant in India with 1,960 MW  Advantages :- Production throughout the year, can be multi-purpose, once in operation does not cause air pollution  Disadvantages :- Complicated and expensive construction, permanent ecological changes
  • 10. (iv) Nuclear Power  India has a total 5780 MW nuclear power capacity as of 2013 (21 reactors, 7 plants)  India is 9th in terms of number of operational nuclear power plants  India has less than 2% of global uranium reserves and more than 25% of Thorium reserves  India has been leading the world in research and development of Thorium based nuclear reactors  Advantages:- More amount of energy can be produced (10,000 tonnes of coal=500 Kg of uranium), Clean & Fast, Safety can be easily implemented,Cheap energy ( Rs 3/KwH),Low waste generation  Disadvantages:-High cost & Expertise of installation, failures can be catastrophic, waste management