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1. Energy Harvesting Through Footsteps
Project Guide: Prof.T.Judson Durai Team Members:Saran S.D, Sankar R.S, Sharon.M,Sherin Johnson
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Noorul Islam University
1
2. Energy Harvesting Through Footsteps
“A rack and pinion based device to
convert the footsteps of the user into useful energy”
2
3. Project Objectives
To form an effective energy harvesting concept
To form a practically applicable system to demonstrate the energy harvesting
concept
To design and fabricate the system
To test the system under various models
To find applications for the system
To explore further scope
3
4. The Need
Fast depleting natural resources
Coal is projected to enter production decline by 2030
Over dependence on coal based and other
conventional methods for power generation
87.55% of India’s power production is based on non-renewable
resources
60% of India’s total power production is coal based
Lack of adequate power supply
Despite being the third largest power producing nation,300
million Indians lack access to electricity 4
5. Energy Harvesting
The process by which energy is derived from external sources, captured, and
stored.
The input is not deliberately created for the purpose of power generation.
Taps energy that otherwise would’ve gone wasted.
Usually produces low outputs, suitable for small applications
5
6. Energy Harvesting Through Footsteps-Working Principle
• Faraday’s Law: “As long as there is a change in magnetic flux linked
with the coil, an EMF is induced”
6
7. Components
Spring based suspensor
Rack and Pinion
DC Generator (Magnet & Coil)
Rechargeable Battery
Inverter
7
8. Basic Design
Step mounted on spring based suspensor.
Suspensor connected to vertical rack.
Rack connected to pinion ,whose axis is connected to a generator.
Generator is linked to a rechargeable battery.
Battery is connected to a inverter.
8
10. Working
User walks through the step.
Footstep activates the rack and pinion .
Generator connected to the axis of the pinion is activated.
An EMF is generated according to Faraday’s law.
Electric power generated is stored in the rechargeable battery.
Inverter module gives AC output .
10
12. Selection of Components
Rack and Pinion
Rack and Pinion made of plastic
Rack has a length of 13 CM and has 65 teeth
Pinion has a diameter of 1.7 CM and has 15 teeth
Rack and Pinion sourced from a DVD drive
Selection helped save cost and weight
12
15. Selection of Components
Suspensor
Spring based suspensor
Two springs of 5 CM length, 50 turns are used
Springs attached to the plate containing the rack and a plate below the
rack.
Connections made using copper harness
Generator
A simple generator of 12 V output is attached to pinion.
Output of the generator given to rechargeable batteries
15
18. Rechargeable Battery
Two lead acid batteries of dimensions 9.2x9.7x6.7 CM used.
Each battery having output 6V-3.5A, combined output of 12V-3.5A .
18
19. Inverter
Inverter used has two transistors
Pulse Width Modulation Generator coordinates input to transistor
Transistor supplies input to coils
Coils convert DC from battery to AC
19
21. Design Requirements
System must demonstrate power harvesting
System should withstand weight
System must be portable
System must have real time indication of power harvesting
System should demonstrate practical applications
21
22. Steps in Designing
Design of support base
Design of Footstep
Design of Supports
Design of demonstration circuit
22
23. Design of Support Base
Support Base designed to hold the weight of the setup, and add stability.
Flat surface with two protruding ends to act as stand
Dimension of 45.1x30x3.2 CM
23
24. Design of Footstep
Footstep designed to be retractable
One side of the footstep is fixed, other end being loose
Dimension of 18x5 CM
24
25. Design of Supports
Supports are designed in the shape of U
Two supports will be used to hold the steps
Dimensions 34.5x2 CM
25
26. Design of Demonstration Circuit
Designed to show the practical application of the system
Consists of generator, inverter and a household lamp
Circuit is triggered using a key
26
28. Steps in Fabrication
Fabrication of support base
Fabrication of footsteps
Fabrication of supports
28
29. Fabrication of support base
Support base was fabricated out of wood
Wood was sawed off, and polished
Stands were nailed into the wood
29
30. Fabrication of Footsteps
Footsteps are fabricated using sheet metal
Sheet metal is cut and bend into the shape of steps
This sheet metal was screwed into metal supports
30
31. Fabrication of Supports
Supports are made from cast iron
Cast iron was cut using hack saw and later welded together
The cast iron was bend to form curves
31
34. Objective of Testing
To assess the performance of the system based on the response.
Test Models Used:
Testing with different weights
Testing with different rate of weight application
34
35. Testing with Different Weights
To assess the performance of the system under different weights
Weights of 1 Kg ,5 Kg and 10 Kg were used
In all cases, consistent output of 12 V was obtained
Sl
No
Input Weight (in KG) Output (in Volt)
1. 1 12
2. 5 12
3. 10 12
35
36. Testing with Different Rates of Weights
Intended to test the performance under different rates of weight
Tests were carried out at the rates 1, 5 and 10 steps per minute
In all cases, an output of 12 V was obtained
Sl No Rate of Footsteps (No.of times per minute) Output (In Volt)
1. 1 12
2. 5 12
3. 10 12
36
37. Observation
Consistent output is obtained under application of different weights and
different rates
The model can be employed at used under varying load conditions and at
varying rates of load.
37
39. Energy Generating Staircase
Multiple energy harvesting systems can be applied in staircases to obtain a
greater amount of energy
Can be used in shopping malls, railway stations etc
39
41. Burglar Alarms
System can be hidden under carpets next to windows, doors etc
Burglar alarms can be connected to the system, which will be triggered upon
unauthorized entry
41
42. Scope of The Project
Fabrication of more rigid system
Fabrication of supports with lighter and stronger materials
Multiple systems can be installed under staircases to harvest more power
Real time testing can be carried out instead of using weights
42
43. Conclusion
The rack and pinion based power harvesting system is found to be effective
The system is cost effective and light in weight
The system has a variety of applications
The system harvest enough power for practical applications, without
significant input
The system has large future scope
43
