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- 2. Why Do WeNeed Alternative Energy Resources? We will someday run out of non-renewable fuels like fossil fuels. We need renewable ways to generate power. Look at the illustration in your science textbook on page B132. It shows a generator that works with moving water. We need renewable ways to turn generators. Then we will be able to power our communities and vehicles for a long time in the future.
- 3. What are AlternativeEnergy Resources? “Alternative” means “another,” a “different,” or a “substitute.” Alternative energy is a form of energy we can use instead of using non-renewable fossil fuels. Alternative energy resources are made from renewable resources.
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- 5. Biofuels Ethanol, producedfrom common crops like sugar cane, potato, and corn Biodiesel, made from vegetable oil and animal fats Both ethanol and biodiesel are added to gasoline so we use less fossil fuel. Two main types of fuel for transportation are made from plants:
- 6. Wind Energy • “Windfarms” have hundreds of wind turbines with huge propellers that spin in the wind. • Each of the wind turbines is hundreds of feet tall. • The wind turbine changes kinetic energy from the wind into mechanical energy that turns a generator to make electricity.
- 7. Wind turbines arereally big!
- 8. Solar Energy Solarenergy is energy from the sun. The heat energy in sunlight can cook food and make hot water. The light energy in sunlight can be transformed into electricity using solar electric panels. A solar hot dog cooker focuses sunlight on the food.
- 9. Solar electric panels Solar collectorsfor hot water Capturing solar energy
- 10. Geothermal Energy Outer mantle500ºC Inner mantle 2,000ºC Geothermal energy is heat energy stored in the Earth. The word comes from the Greek: Geo means Earth and thermos means heat.
- 11. How geothermal energyis used Geothermal energy is used for: Hot springs and heated swimming pools; Heating greenhouses and homes through pipes and radiators; and, Steam to run generators for electricity. Austin was one of the first cities in Texas to use geothermal energy for heating. The State Capitol was originally heated by geothermal water. Today a well in Austin supplies warm ground water (97°F) for year- round swimming in the outdoor pool at Stacy Park.
- 12. Hydroelectric Energy Hydroelectricenergy is produced by the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. The falling or flowing water turns a turbine. The turbine turns wires in a magnetic field. Electricity is then produced in the wires. We can control the flow of water to make electricity by making dams, like Tom Miller Dam in Austin.
- 13. Good News forYour Future! Some alternative energy resources can reduce pollution. Using renewable resources for energy means we will have more resources on the Earth. Alternative energy resource development is the job of the future.
- 14. Disadvantages to Biofuelsand Wind Energy Biofuel disadvantages They are made from food crops. That food could have been used to feed people. The land for growing food should be used for food. Biofuels can only be produced when the fuel crops are growing. Wind disadvantages Wind turbines can kill birds. Wind turbines use a lot of land and cannot be placed near landforms that block wind. Wind turbines can be noisy.
- 15. Solar disadvantages It can be hard to store solar energy for cloudy days or night. It is expensive to set up solar panels. Geothermal disadvantages Most places are not near geothermal energy resources in the Earth. Hydroelectric disadvantages Making dams on rivers destroys habitat. Lakes created with dams eventually fill with sediment. Disadvantages of Solar, Geothermal, and Hydroelectric Energy