Aksharica (अक्षरिका) is a Nepali Language Newsletter. Aksharica is made with a combination of two words “Akshar” and “America”. Akshar means “letter” in Nepali, thus goal of the Aksharica is to educate, inform, inspire, and empower the Nepali speaking community (Bhutanese and Nepalese) residing in America. Rajesh Koirala is working as an editor since it started on August 2010. This is 77th issue, published on November, 2015.

1. @)!% gf]e]Da/
jif{ ^ c+s &&
cd]l/sfsf] gful/stf
lnFbf lbg'kg]{ k/LIffsf] tof/L
k':tssf] k|Zg g+= $&
sf] hjfkm ablnPsf] 5 .
k|ltlglw–;efnfO{ c+u|]hLdf
xfp; ckm l/k|h]G6]l6E;
(House of Representatives)
elgG5 . o;sf cWoIf jf
;efd'v ablng'ePsfn] pSt
k|Zgsf] hjfkm ablnPsf] xf] .
of] k|Zg o:tf] 5M
o; c+sdf s] s] <
(What is inside ?)
à k|Zg g+= $&=================================!
(Question number 47)
à gful/s k/LIffsf] c+u|]hL #=======#
(English section of Civic Test 3)
à dlxnf k|hgg c+u=====================$
(Organs of male reprod. system)
à rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb $%==========$
(Most common Eng. words 45)
gful/stf lng] k/LIffsf]
k|Zg g+= $& sf] gofF hjfkm
USCIS.gov
gofF ;efd'vsf] rog, kn /fogdfly lhDd]jf/L
k|Zg / pQ/M g]kfnLdf
$&= k|ltlglw–;ef -xfp; ckm
l/k|h]G6]l6E;_ sf cWoIf jf
;efd'vsf] gfd s] xf] <
à kn 8L= /fog
à -kn_ /fog
xfnsf k|ltlglw–;ef -xfp;
ckm l/k|h]G6]l6E;_ sf cWoIf
jf ;efd'v kn 8L= /fog
x'g'x'G5 . pxfFn] lj:sfG;g
/fHosf] klxnf] s+u|];gn
l8l:6«S6sf tkm{ af6 ;g
!((( b]lv xfp; ckm
l/k|h]G6]l6E;df k|ltlglwTj
ub}{ cfpg' ePsf] 5 . cWoIf
jf ;efd'vsf ¿kdf xfp;
ckm l/k|h]G6]l6E;df ;efkltsf]
e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{'x'G5 / pxfFn]
;bgdf ax'dt /x]sf]
/fhgLlts bn l/klAnsg
kf6L{sf] g]Q[Tj ug{'x'G5 .
al/otfsf qmd x]bf{ /fi6«klt

2. @
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http://paulryan.house.gov/biography/anduscis.gov
kn l8= /fog ÷ kn /fog
/ pk/fi6«kltkl5 cWoIf jf
;efd'v cfpF5, o;sf] cy{
olb /fi6«klt / pk/fi6«klt
b'j} kbdf g/xg] cj:yf cfPdf
;efd'vn] /fi6«kltsf] sfd
;DxfNg'x'G5 .
k|Zg / pQ/M c+u|]hLdf
47. What is the name of the
Speaker of the House of
Representatives now?
- Paul D. Ryan
++
- (Paul) Ryan
The current speaker of
the House of Representa-
tives is Paul D. Ryan. He has
represented Wisconsin’s First
Congressional District in the
House of Representatives since
1999. As speaker, he presides
over the House of Representa-
tives and leads the majority
political party in the House,
the Republican Party. The
speaker is second in line to the
succession of the presidency
after the vice president.
knsf] kl/ro
knsf] hGd ;g !(&) hgj/L @( df ePsf] xf] . pxfFsf]
k"/f gfd kn 8]le; /fog (Paul Davis Ryan) xf] . pxfF xfp;
ckm l/k|h]G6]l6esf %$ cf}+ cWoIf jf ;efd'v x'g'x'G5 .
pxfFn] ;efd'vsf] kb ;g @)!% cS6f]a/ @( df ;DxfNg'
ePsf] xf] .
gful/stf kl/Iffsf nflu
tof/L kfl/Psf] k':tssf]
cGTodf l6Kk0fLsf ?kdf
elgPsf] 5, …o; lstfadf
ePsf hfgsf/Lx¿ r'gfj tyf
kb axfnLx?sf sf/0f km]l/g
;S5g . ;+o'Qm /fHo
gful/stf tyf cWofudg
ljefu (U.S. Citizenship and
Immigration Services; USCIS)
n] ;do–;dodf o; 5fkfnfO{
cBfjlws ug{ x/k|of;
ul//xg]5 .Ú
r'gfj tyf kb axfnL eGgfn]
/fi6«klt lgjf{rgkl5 /fi6«klt
(president) kb tyf
pk/fi6«klt (vice presi-
dent) kbsf] axfnL, ;/sf/
åf/f ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf
k|wfgGofofwLzsf] lgo'lSt,
k|wfgGofofwLz;Fu}
;jf]{Rrsf GofofwLzx?sf]
;+Vof, tkfO{+ a:g] /fHosf
tkm{af6 lgjf{lrt l;g]6/
(senator) tyf k|ltlglw–;ef
;b:o, tkfO{+ a:g] /fHosf
ueg{/ (governor) sf] x'g'x'G5
eGg] h:tf k|Zg tyf tL
k|Zgsf hjfkmx? k5{g .
• •
cIfl/sf Go'hn]6/n] klg
cWofudg ljefu (USCIS)
n] lbg] gofF hfgsf/LnfO{
cBfjlws ug]{5 .
ablng] k|Zg / pQ/x¿

3. #@)!%gf]e]Da/,jif{^c+s&&
c+u|]hL–efêfsf] k/LIff, efu #
gful/stf k/LIff (Civic
Test) df ;xefuL x'Fbf
tkfO{+;Fu c+u|]hL–efiffsf]
1fg s] slt 5 eg]/
hfFlrG5 . c+u|]hL–
efiff1fgsf] tof/Lsf
nflu cIfl/sfn]
gful/stfsf] k/LIffsf]
k':tsaf6 c+u|]hL hfFr (Eng-
lish Test) sf] c+z cg'jfb
ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o; c+sdf
xfd|f] t];|f] c+zM
• •
o; k/LIffdf tLg c+zdWo]
k7g efu (reading portion) sf]
afFsL c+z oxfF lbOPsf] 5M
lqmofx¿
(Verbs)
▪ ;Sg'
(can)
▪ cfpg'
(come)
▪ ug'{
(do/does)
▪ r'Gg'
(elects)
▪ x'g'
(have/has)
▪ 5÷lyof]÷lyof]÷x'g]5
(is/are/was/be)
▪ a:g'÷a:Yof]
(lives/lived)
▪ e]6g'
(meet)
▪ ltg'{
(pay)
▪ dt lbg', ef]6 v;fNg'
(Vote)
▪ rfxg'
(want)
cGo -sfd_
[Other (Function)]
▪ Pp6f
(a)
▪ nfO{, nflu
(for)
▪ ;Dd÷nfO{
(to)
▪ xfdL
(we)
cGo -ljj/0f_
[Other (Content)]
▪ /Ëx¿
(colors)
▪ 8n/ lan, 8n/sf] gf]6
(dollar bill)
▪ klxnf]
(first)
▪ ;a}eGbf 7"nf]
(largest)
▪ w]/}
(many)
▪ clwsf+z
(most)
▪ pQ/
(north)
▪ Ps
(one)
▪ hgtf
(people)
▪ bf];|f]
(second)
▪ blIf0f
(south)
▪ oxfF
(here)
▪ df, leq
(in)
▪ sf]
(of)
▪ dfly, df
(on)
▪ Tof], p
(the)
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In, on, / at sf] k|of]u
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k|of]u ul/G5 . In, on,
/ at cflbnfO{ Preposi-
tions elgG5 . oL b'O{
tflnsfn] o;af/] :ki6
kf/]sf] 5 .
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4. $
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gofF hfgsf/L;Fu}
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km]5f}{+ . a:g] 7fpF ;w}+ Pp6}
x'Fb}g . a;fOF ;5f}{+ . ;k{n]
h:tf] sfFr'nL km]/]sf] xfdLn]
cfkm}+n] cfkm"nfO{ b]Vb}gf}+ . lj1fg
eG5, …dflg;sf] z/L/af6 Ps
ldg]6df 5fnfsf xhf/f}+
sf]ifx¿ em5{g . xfd|f cfFvfn]
b]Vb}g .Ú ¿vsf kftx¿
em5{g . gofF knfpF5g . o;sf]
kl/jt{g dfgf}+ lgod xf] .
lxhf] xftn] n]Vg] ul/GYof] .
clxn] dflg;x¿ sDKo'6/
rnfpF5g . 6f9f a;]sf
cfkmGtnfO{ va/ k7fpg]
dfWod lrÝL x'g] uYof]{ .
cfsfzjf0fL cfof] . 3/–3/df
kmf]g cfP . clxn] xft–xftdf
kmf]g 5g . xf], kl/jt{g lgod
h:t} xf] .
oL kl/jt{g h:t} 1fg klg
kl/jt{glzn 5 . ;+zf]wg x'g]
u5{ . xfdLn] kl/jt{glzn /
;+zf]wg x'g] 1fg;Fu lxF8g
l;s]gf}+ eg] cfkm"nfO{ c¿eGbf
k5f8L kfpg ;S5f}+ . Pp6f
pbfx/0f of] c+ssf] d'Vo
-cfj/0f_ :tDe xf], k|ltlglw–
;efsf ;dfd'v jf cWoIfsf]
kl/jt{g . !)) j6f k|Zg
ePsf] gful/stfsf] tof/L
k':tssf] Pp6f k|Zg ePsfn]
klg xfdLn] d'Vo -cfj/0f_
:tDe agfPsf xf}+ . /, o:tf
hfgsf/Lsf nflu cIfl/sf ;w}+
tDtof/ 5 Û
wGojfb
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 45
c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ rflxg] sl/a # xhf/ zAbdWo]af6 k}tfnL;f}+ ;"rL -efu $%_
• composed :
ljz]if0f– ;'l:y/, ;'Jojl:yt,
zfGt, k|zfGt, cJofs'n,
cg'låUg, uDeL/, /lrt, ldl>t,
9fFrf .
• composition :
gfd– sfJo lqmof, /rgf,
;+lj/rgf, s[lt, ;+uLt /rgf,
;+uLt l;h{gf, ljGof;, :jefj,
agf]6 jf agfj6, lgdf{0f, u7g,
;+of]hg, ;ª37g, ;+of]hg,
;ªult, ;lDd>0f, zflGt,
;Demf}tf, k|zdg, dgl:ylt,
dfgl;s cj:yf .
• compound :
gfd– 3/;d]t ePsf] k|fªu0f,
kvf{nn] 3]/]sf] 3/ / To;sf]
xftf, of}lus, ;lDd>0f .
lqmof– ldnfpg', ldl>t kfg'{,
cjojx? ldnfP/ s'g} kbfy{
agfpg', -emu8f, C0f_ lgK6fg'{,
6'ªUofpg', ;dfwfg ug'{, ltg'{,
ldnfk ug'{, ;Demf}tfdf cfpg',
;lDdlnt kfg'{, ;+of]hg ug'{,
a9fpg', tLj| kfg'{ .
ljz]if0f– of}luso'St, ;+o'St,
;lDdl>t .
• compromise :
gfd– -dWodfu{ ckgfP/
ul/Psf]_ ;Demf}tf, d]nldnfk,
lgk6f/f, ldnfk .
lqmof– -dWodfu{ ckgfP/_
;Demf}tf ug'{, d]nldnfk ug'{,
lgK6fpg', cfk;L ;Demf}tf u/]/
emu8f ;dfKt ug'{, cfFr cfpg
glbg' .
• computer :
gfd– sDKo"6/, cleu0fs,
;ªu0fs, ljB'tLo u0fs,
u0fs .
• concentrate :
gfd– ;f/, uf9f, afSnf], c?
s'/f ldnfP/ zlSt sd
gul/Psf] kbfy{, ljz'4 kbfy{ .
lqmof– s]lGb|t ug'{, s]lGb|t
x'g', s]Gb|Le"t ug'{, WofgdUg
x'g', WofgdUg kfg'{, Pslqt
kfg'{, uf9f kfg'{ jf x'g', afSnf]
x'g' jf kfg'{, ;l~rt ug'{,
Psfu|lrQ agfpg' jf aGg',
tNnLg kfg'{ jf x'g' .
• concentration :
gfd– Psfu|tf, tNnLgtf,
;dflw, ;dfx/0f, s]Gb|Los/0f,
;~ro, dgf]of]u, ;+s]Gb|0f,
uf9fkg, ;fGb|0f, hd36 .
• concept :
gfd– cjwf/0ff, ;+sNkgf,
wf/0ff, ;fdfGo wf/0ff, efj,
ljrf/, efjgf, sNkgf . qmdzM
lrlsT;sLo zAbx¿
dlxnf k|hgg k|0ffnL
dlxnfsf] k|hgg c+ux? k]+6sf]
tNnf] efudf x'G5 . xf8]–abfd
cfsf/sf l8Dau|GyL (Ovaries)
n] c08fsf] e08f/0f u5{g .
dlxnfsf] z/L/n] pd]/ sl/a
!! jif{sf] ePb]lv sl/a
%) jif{sf] x'Gh]n l8Dau|GyLn]
l8Dax? (egg cell) lgsfN5g .
h;} l8Dax? l8DaaflxgL gnL
(Fallopian tube) x'Fb} kf7]3/
(uterus) df hfG5g / k'?ifsf]
z'qmsL6 (sperm cell) ;Fu ldn]/
uef{wfg x'G5 . clg ue{ a:of]
(fertlized) eg] Tof] gofF
of]u–sf]if kf7]3/sf] leQfdf
6fFl;P/ aRrfsf ?kdf ljsf;
x'G5 . aRrf of]gL (vagina) x'Fb}
aflx/ lg:sG5g .
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Advisors : Doug Hall, Sattan Acharya, Tara Acharya, Tika Acharya, and Bhagirath Khatiwada
Bhutanese Community of New Hampshire, 510 Chestnut Street, Manchester, NH 03101, Email: aksharica.communication@gmail.com