Adsorbent and adsorbent used in chromatography
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Adsorbents are solids or liquids that can attract and hold other molecules or atoms onto their surfaces through weak intermolecular forces. Adsorption is used in chromatography to separate mixtures and is dependent on factors like the properties of the adsorbent and adsorbate. Common adsorbents used include activated alumina and charcoal due to their large surface area, mechanical stability, and ability to adsorb a wide variety of compounds without reacting. Adsorption has several applications including air and water purification, humidity control, and separation techniques like adsorption chromatography and ion exchange.
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Isothermal, kinetic and thermodynamic studies of the adsorption of erythrosine dye onto activated carbon from Periwinkle shell was carried out. The Periwinkle shell were washed, dried, carbonized at 400oC, crushed, sieved, chemically activated at 800oC, cooled, washed and dried at 110oC. Variable influencing factors, such as contact time, temperature and concentration were studied through single-factor experiment, while other factors are kept constant (at 30min, 30oC and 50mg/L) in each adsorption experiment. From the adsorption isotherms, the correlation coefficient for Redlich-Peterson is closer to unity than others used in the adsorption. The adsorption kinetic followed pseudo-second order reaction, while the thermodynamic parameters, (∆H) = 13.49KJ/mol, (∆S) = 43.48J/mol.K and (∆G) = 0.4, 0.06, -0.15, -0.27, -0.54, -7.30KJ/mol. These results obtained show that activated carbon from Periwinkle shell will be a good low-cost adsorbent for the removal of erythrosine from aqueous solution.
adsorption chemistry.pptx
This document provides information about adsorption, including definitions, examples, and applications. It defines adsorption as the accumulation of molecules on a surface, with the adsorbent being the surface and the adsorbate being the accumulated substance. There are two main types of adsorption: physical adsorption via van der Waals forces, and chemical adsorption via chemical bonds. Factors that affect adsorption include properties of the adsorbate and adsorbent, as well as surface area, pressure, and temperature. Common applications of adsorption include decolorization, gas masks, vacuum systems, catalysis, indicators, chromatography, and moisture control.
Columchromatography rv
Column chromatography is a separation technique that uses a column packed with a stationary phase. As a mixture passes through the column via a mobile phase, components separate based on how they partition between the stationary and mobile phases. Key factors that affect separation are the types of stationary and mobile phases used, as well as column characteristics like length and diameter. Common stationary phases include silica, alumina, and cellulose while mobile phases are selected based on solvent polarity and component solubility. Proper packing of the stationary phase into the column is also important for achieving efficient separation.
Removal of Lead Ion Using Maize Cob as a Bioadsorbent
The intensification of industrial activity and environmental stress greatly contributes to the significant rise of
heavy metal pollution in water resources making threats on terrestrial and aquatic life. The toxicity of metal
pollution is slow and interminable, as these metal ions are non bio-degradable. The most appropriate solution for
controlling the biogeochemistry of metal contaminants is sorption technique, to produce high quality treated
effluents from polluted wastewater. Maize cob readily available was used as sorbent for the removal of lead ions
from aqueous media. Adsorption studies were performed by batch experiments as a function of process
parameters such as sorption 500ppm,2.5g, 400minutes, 400 rpm and 5 PH. Concentration, Dosage, time, rpm,
and pH. I have found that the optimized parameters are Freundlich model fits best with the experimental
equilibrium data among the three tested adsorption isotherm models. The kinetic data correlated well with the
Lagergren first order kinetic model for the adsorption studies of lead using maize cob. It was concluded that
adsorbent prepared from maize cob as to be a favorable adsorbent and easily available to remove the heavy
metal lead (II) is 95 % and can be used for the treatment of heavy metals in wastewater.
Adsorption
The document discusses adsorption as a treatment method for removing pollutants like dyes and heavy metals from industrial effluents. It covers topics like the chemistry of adsorption, adsorption isotherms, factors affecting adsorption like pH and temperature. It also discusses the use of agricultural waste materials as low-cost adsorbents for wastewater treatment and their characterization. Activating the agricultural wastes through chemical or physical treatment can enhance their adsorption capacity. Analytical techniques are used to study the surface properties of adsorbents and how they influence adsorption.
Proposing a new empirical adsorption isotherm known as Adejo-Ekwenchi isotherm
The derivation of an adsorption isotherm is, largely, by empirical deductions on which basis isotherms like the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Frumkin, Flory-Huggins, El-Awady, Dubinin-Radushkevich, etc. were developed. We hereby propose yet another two-parameter empirical adsorption isotherm known as Adejo-Ekwenchi isotherm, derived from the data obtained from our corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 2 M H2SO4 using three plant extracts using weight loss method studied at the temperature between 303 and 315 K. The isotherm is centred on the fact that, for any adsorption process, the amount of adsorbate uptake from bulk concentration is, always, inversely proportional to the difference between the total available surface on the adsorbent and the fraction that is covered by the adsorbate at a given temperature, prior to the attainment of maximum value of surface coverage. Therefore, at any time during the adsorption process, (1 - θ) is the available surface and this decreases with increase in concentration, and thus;
(1)
“Equation 1” in a linear form is,
log1/(1–θ) = logKAE + blogC (2)
“Equation 2” is known as Adejo-Ekwenchi isotherm. Results obtained therefrom the isotherm correlate very well with those obtained through other well-known isotherms.
Adsorption
Adsorption is the accumulation of atoms, molecules, or ions onto a surface. There are two main types: physical adsorption, which occurs via weak van der Waals forces, and chemical adsorption, which involves chemical bond formation. Factors that affect adsorption include temperature, pressure, and surface area of the adsorbent. Common adsorbents used are silica gel and activated carbon. Adsorption isotherms describe the relationship between amount adsorbed and pressure at constant temperature. Adsorption has applications in air and water purification.
Surface chemistry
The document discusses surface chemistry and catalysis. It defines key terms like adsorption, absorption, interface and provides differences between adsorption and absorption. It describes different types of adsorption like physical and chemical adsorption. Factors affecting adsorption like nature of adsorbent and adsorbate, surface area, temperature, pressure are explained. Different models of adsorption isotherms including Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms are introduced.
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Adsorbent and adsorbent used in chromatography
- 1. ADSORBENT&APPLICATION ADSORBENT&APPLICATION ADSORBENTIN ADSORBENTIN CHROMATOGRAPHY CHROMATOGRAPHY PHARM D PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS UNIT:III Dr.M.Sumithra M.Pharm,Ph.D Associate Professor Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis School of Pharmaceutical Sciences VISTAS,Chennai.
- 2. Introduction Principle involved in Adsorbent Types of Adsorbent Factors Affecting adsorption Application Content
- 3. Introduction - Adsorption Adsorption is a mass transfer process that is sorption of gases or solutes by solid or liquid surfaces. The adsorption on the solid surface is that the molecules or atoms on the solid surface have residual surface energy due to unbalanced forces. Adsorption also defined as adhesion of atoms, ions or molecules from a gas, liquid or dissolved solid to a surface. ADSORBATE : A Substance in which is adsorbed on the surface.
- 5. Difference Between Adsorption Vs Absorption
- 6. Material Doing Adsorption ,example:Activated alumina,Charcoal Adsorbent
- 7. The particle should have uniform size. The range 60-200 u. It should have high mechanical stability. Not react with solute Insoluble in solvents or mobile phase It should be colorless. It allow free flow of mobile phase. It useful for wide variety of compounds. Requirement of Adsorbent
- 9. Application 1) Air pollution masks: These consist of silica gel or activated charcoal powder, when dust or smoke are paused through them, those particles get adsorbed on the surface of these materials. 2) Separation of noble gases by Dewar’s flask process: A mixture of noble gases of Ne, Ar, Kr is passed through Dewar’s flask in presence of heated coconut charcoal. Argon and Krypton gels adsorbed leaving Neon. 3) Purification of water: By the addition of alum stone to the water, impurities get adsorbed on the alum and water gets purified. 4) Removal of moisture and humidity: Moisture in the air is removed by placing silica gel on which water molecular gets adsorbed. 5) Adsorption chromatography: It is used to separate pigments and hormones. 6) Ion exchange method: In this method of removing the hardness of water, calcium and magnesium ions get adsorbed on the surface of ion exchange resin
- 10. References References References i)Gurdeep.R Chatwal.K, and Anand., Instrumental method of Chemical i)Gurdeep.R Chatwal.K, and Anand., Instrumental method of Chemical i)Gurdeep.R Chatwal.K, and Anand., Instrumental method of Chemical Analysis, Himalaya Publishing house, 5 th edition ,New Delhi.2000. Analysis, Himalaya Publishing house, 5 th edition ,New Delhi.2000. Analysis, Himalaya Publishing house, 5 th edition ,New Delhi.2000. ii)Beckett A.H,Stenlake,J.B,Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry,4 ii)Beckett A.H,Stenlake,J.B,Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry,4 ii)Beckett A.H,Stenlake,J.B,Practical Pharmaceutical Chemistry,4 th edn.CBS Publishers and Distributors,NewDelhi.2000 th edn.CBS Publishers and Distributors,NewDelhi.2000 th edn.CBS Publishers and Distributors,NewDelhi.2000
- 11. THANK YOU