This document discusses pheochromocytoma, a type of adrenal gland tumor. It notes that pheochromocytomas secrete excess catecholamines, causing symptoms like hypertension, headaches, and nervousness. The document outlines tests used to diagnose pheochromocytoma such as CT scans, MRI, urine tests, and clonidine suppression tests. It also discusses treatments including alpha-adrenergic blocking agents, beta blockers, surgery to remove the adrenal glands, and risks of metastasis or hypotension after surgery.

1. Ratheesh.R
SLMGNC

2.  A tumor begins when healthy cells change and
grow out of control, forming a mass. A tumor
can be cancerous or benign. A cancerous
tumor is malignant, meaning it can grow and
spread to other parts of the body. A benign
tumor means the tumor can grow but will not
spread.
 An adrenal gland tumor can sometimes
produce too much of a hormone. When it does,
the tumor is called a “functioning tumor.” An
adrenal gland tumor that does not produce
hormones is called a “nonfunctioning tumor.”

3.  It is catecholamine – secreting neoplasm
associated with hypertension of Chromaffin
cells of Adrenal Medulla.

4. Medullary thyroid carcinoma
Parathyroid Hyperplasia
Emotional and physical stress.
General factor
 Increased or Decreased secretion of
Hormone.

5.  Hypertension
 Hypermetabolism
 Hyperglycemia
 Head ache
 Visual Disturbances
 Pallor or face dflushing
 Nervousness
 Increased blood glucose level
 Abdominal pain
 Polyuria
 High blood pressure (320/200mm.Hg)
 Psychotic Behaviour
 Depression.
 Allergic Reaction
 Emotional Upset.

6.  History Collection
 Physical Examination
 Clonidine Suppression test
- It is used to distinguish essential hypertension
from Phenchromocytoma.
 CT scan / MRI
 MIBG Scintigraph (Meta iodo benzyl guindine)
- It determine the location of the tumor.
 Meta nephrines/Vanillyl mandelic acid test.
 CBC

7.  Alpha- Adrenergic Blocking Agents:
-Phentolamine
-Phenoxybenzamine (HCL)
Action- Inhibit the effects of Chatecholamines on
blood pressure.
 Catecholamine Synthesis Inhibitors:
-Metyrosine
Action- Use pre operatively or for long term management of in
operable tumors.

8.  Beta Adrenergic blocking agent:
-Proprsnolol
- Used for pateint with cardiac dysarhythmias or those not
responsive to alpha adrenergic blocking agent.
 Cortico - Steroid replacement:
- To prevent adrenal insufficiency.

9.  Unilateral or Bilateral Adrenalectomy
- Removal of one or both adrenal glands
according presence of tumor .
Complication:
 Metastasis of Tumor

10.  Anxiety r/t systemic effects of epinephrine
and nonepineprine.
 Tissue perfusion r/t hypotension during post
operative period.
 Pain r/t cell proliferation.
 Impaired personality r/t development of
clinical futures.