Acute bacterial meningitis in adults remains a significant disease burden with a high mortality rate of up to 30%. It is a medical emergency requiring rapid diagnosis via cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Common causes include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and various bacteria that affect immunocompromised individuals. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to improve prognosis, as sequelae such as hearing loss are otherwise common.