The document discusses Pakistan's progress towards achieving the UN's Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It notes that Pakistan has adopted 16 targets and 37 indicators to work towards the 8 MDGs. While Pakistan has made satisfactory progress on some goals, performance on most indicators is inadequate. One reason for slow progress is low public sector allocations for social sectors like health, education, and water/sanitation. The document then analyzes financing and progress for education, health, and water/sanitation. It finds that public spending and external assistance on these sectors is increasing but remains low as a percentage of GDP. Out-of-pocket household expenses on health and water are also high. The chances of achieving many MDG

1. Achieving MDGs inAchieving MDGs in
PakistanPakistan
Saturday
April 28th, 2007

2. Achieving MDGs in PakistanAchieving MDGs in Pakistan
 For attainment of 8 Millennium Goals the UN Millennium
Declaration had fixed 18 Targets and 48 Indicators
 Pakistan has adopted 16 Targets and 37 Indicators
 Even though for some of the MDGs Pakistan’s progress may
have been somewhat satisfactory, for most of the indicators
performance is not quite adequate
 One of the reasons for slow progress could be low levels of
public sector allocations for the social sectors (e.g. Health,
Education, and Water & Sanitation)

3. MDGs – PakistanMDGs – Pakistan
MDGs Targets Indicators
1 Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger 2 3
2 Achieve Universal Primary Education 1 3
3 Promote Gender Equality & Women Empowerment 1 4
4 Reducing Child Mortality 1 6
5 Improving Maternal Health 1 5
6 Combating HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other Diseases 2 5
7 Ensuring Environmental Sustainability 3 8
8 Develop a Global Partnership for Development* 5 7
16 37

4. Achieving MDGs in PakistanAchieving MDGs in Pakistan
 Education (Goal 2)
 Target 3 {Primary Education}
 Target 4 {Eliminate Gender Disparity}
 Health (Goal 4, 5 and 6)
 Target 5 {Under-five Mortality, Health and Care}
 Target 6 {Maternal Mortality}
 Target 7 {HIV/ AIDS}
 Target 8 {Malaria, TB and Other Major Diseases}
 Water & Sanitation (Goal 7)
 Target 9 {Environmental Resources}
 Target 10 {Improved Water & Adequate Sanitation}
 Target 11 {Katchi abadis (Slums)}

5. Financing MDGsFinancing MDGs
(Pakistan)(Pakistan)
Public Sector Expenditure
External Economic Assistance
Out of Pocket Expenditure

6. EducationEducation

7. Financing EducationFinancing Education
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
MillionRs
2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06
Total Public Sector Education Expenditure
(Federal plus Provincial)
Developm ent Current Total

8. Financing Education (Contd.)Financing Education (Contd.)
Share in Total Public Sector Education Expenditure
12
17
19 18
22
24
44
41 40
46
43
39
22 22
20
19 18
19
16
13
15
12 12 13
7 6 6 5 5 4
0
10
20
30
40
50
2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06
Percentage
Federal Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan

9. Financing Education (Contd.)Financing Education (Contd.)
Public Sector Expenditure on Education as % GDP
1.45 1.65
1.86
2.15
2.39
2.73
0.05
0.14 0.18
0.34 0.41 0.45
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06
Percentage
Total Expenditure Development Expenditure

10. Financing Education (Contd.)Financing Education (Contd.)
Total External Economic Assistance in Education = 46.55 Million US$ (2004-05)
External Economic Assistance in Education Sector 2004-05
(Million US$)
UNFPA, 0.02
UK, 0.30
WFP, 2.89
ADB, 5.26
Canada, 0.29
USAID, 25.00
OPEC Fund, 1.35
Germany, 0.37
EU, 8.18
Japan, 1.13
IDA, 0.30
Norw ay, 1.47

11. Out of Pocket Expenditure (Education)Out of Pocket Expenditure (Education)
OPE - Education
40
78
22
44
79
27
40
81
10
32
67
25
15
39
9
0
15
30
45
60
75
90
Average
Urban
Rural
Average
Urban
Rural
Average
Urban
Rural
Average
Urban
Rural
Average
Urban
Rural
Pakistan Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan
MonthlyRs/HH

12. HealthHealth

13. Financing HealthFinancing Health
0
8000
16000
24000
32000
40000
MillionRs
2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06
Total Public Sector Health Expenditure
(Federal plus Provincial)
Development Current Total

14. Financing Health (Contd.)Financing Health (Contd.)
Share in Total Public Sector Health Expenditure
22 23 24 25 26
29
39 39
42 43
40
37
19 19
17 16 16
19
12
11 10
9
11 10
8 8 7 8 7
5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06
Percentage
Federal Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan

15. Financing Health (Contd.)Financing Health (Contd.)
Public Sector Expenditure on Health as % GDP
0.45 0.48
0.53
0.60
0.64
0.75
0.06 0.06 0.08
0.12 0.14
0.19
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06
Percentage
Total Expenditure Development Expenditure

16. Financing Health (Contd.)Financing Health (Contd.)
External Economic Assistance in Health Sector 2004-05
(Million US$)
Japan, 9.00
UK, 17.89
ADB, 9.20 WFP, 0.87Canada, 1.22
Germany, 0.54
IDA, 26.95
USAID, 17.58
UNDP, 0.01
Total External Economic Assistance in Health = 83.25 Million US$ (2004-05)

17. Out of Pocket Expenditure (Health)Out of Pocket Expenditure (Health)
OPE - Health
51
55
49 52 54
51
46
55
39
62
70
60
37 37 36
0
15
30
45
60
75
Average
Urban
Rural
Average
Urban
Rural
Average
Urban
Rural
Average
Urban
Rural
Average
Urban
Rural
Pakistan Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan
MonthlyRs/HH

18. Water & SanitationWater & Sanitation

19. Financing WatSanFinancing WatSan
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
MillionRs.
2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06
Total Public Sector WatSan Expenditure
(Federal plus Provincial)
Current Development Total

20. Financing WatSan (Contd.)Financing WatSan (Contd.)
Share in Public Sector WatSan Expenditure
3
12
15
8 7
2
38 38
16
11
28
65
13
20 20 22
17
6
25
17
10
7 9
7
21
13
39
52
39
20
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06
Percentage
Federal Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan

21. Financing WatSan (Contd.)Financing WatSan (Contd.)
Public Sector Expenditure on WatSan as % GDP
0.120.12
0.08
0.13
0.13
0.20
0.04
0.06
0.07
0.10 0.09
0.15
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06
Percentage
Total Expenditure Development Expenditure

22. Financing WatSan (Contd.)Financing WatSan (Contd.)
External Economic Assistance in WatSan 2004-05
(Million US$)
UK, 1.79
IDB, 0.53 France, 3.76
ADB, 15.90
Japan, 14.35
Total External Economic Assistance in WatSan = 36.33 Million US$ (2004-05)

23. Out of Pocket Expenditure (WatSan)Out of Pocket Expenditure (WatSan)
OPE - WatSan
312
411
100
325
394
144
509
94
48 45
90
32
568
57 72
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Average
Urban
Rural
Average
Urban
Rural
Average
Urban
Rural
Average
Urban
Rural
Average
Urban
Rural
Pakistan Punjab Sindh NWFP Balochistan
MonthlyRs/HH

24. Probably Potentially Unlikely
No
Data
1 Achieve Universal Primary Education - X - -
2 Mortality Rate (under 5 Years) - X - -
3 Infant Mortality Rate (under 1 Year) - X - -
4 Fully Immunized Children (12-23
months)
X - - -
5 Maternal Mortality Ratio - - X -
6 Birth attended by Skilled Birth
Attendants
- X - -
7 Contraceptive Prevalence Rate X - - -
8 Total Fertility Rate - - X -
9 Antenatal Care - - X -
10 Access to Improved Water Source - X (1) X (2) -
11 Access to Sanitation Facilities - X (1) X (2) -
Will MDG targets be reached?Will MDG targets be reached?

25. Strong Fair
Weak but
Improving Weak
1 Achieve Universal Primary Education - - X -
2 Mortality Rate (under 5 Years) - - X -
3 Infant Mortality Rate (under 1 Year) - - X -
4 Fully Immunized Children (12-23 m) - X - -
5 Maternal Mortality Ratio - - - X
6 Birth attended by Skilled Birth
Attendants
- X - -
7 Contraceptive Prevalence Rate - X - -
8 Total Fertility Rate - - X -
9 Antenatal Care - - - X
10 Access to Improved Water Source - - - X (1)
X (2)
11 Access to Sanitation Facilities - - - X (1)
X (2)
State of Supportive EnvironmentState of Supportive Environment

26. “The problem of development must be defined as a
selective attack on the worst forms of poverty.
Development goals must be defined in terms of
progressive reduction and eventually elimination of
malnutrition, disease, illiteracy, unemployment and
inequalities. We were taught to take care of our GNP
because it would take care of poverty. Let us reverse this
and take care of poverty because it will take care of the
GNP. In other words, let us worry about the content of
the GNP even more than its rate of increase.”
(Dr Mahbub-ul-Haq, former Commerce Minister and Deputy Chairman Planning Commission,
writing in 1971 for Pakistan Economic and Social Review)
Source: “Time for trickle up” by Hussain H. Zaidi (The News, April 22, 2007)

27. Thank YouThank You