The document discusses three main methods of production: job production, batch production, and mass production. Job production involves producing one unique item at a time. Batch production produces similar items in batches before switching to another product. Mass production continuously produces the same goods on a production line to benefit from large-scale economies. The methods vary in their advantages like meeting custom needs versus economies of scale, and disadvantages like time efficiency versus flexibility.

1. PRODUCTION METHODS

2. METHODS OF PRODUCTION
The methods of production can be of the
following types:
1. Intermittent or interrupted
production
a. Job Production
b. Batch Production
2. Mass and flow line production

3. JOB PRODUCTION
In this type of production, every job
is different from the other in terms of
type, cost, efforts, consumption of
materials or specifications.

4. This is used when one item at a time is
produced. Examples include:
Bridge building
Office blocks

5.  ADVANTAGES
 Reaching the target customer’s
requirements
 Special training to labor
 Best suitable for pull system of demand
 DISADVANTAGES
X Time taking
X Large scale economies cannot be realized
X Costliest
X Division of labor is not possible

6. BATCH PRODUCTION
All the products manufactured under
a batch are similar in terms of type, cost,
efforts, consumption of materials or
specifications.

7. This is when the same product is made for a
while, then production is switched to another
product. They will return to the production
of the first product again later on.
Examples include:
Bakers
Clothing manufacturers
Coca Cola bottling plants

8.  ADVANTAGES
 cost of product design per unit is low
 Economies of production
 Flow of materials can be continuous
 Automation and mechanization
 DISADVANTAGES
X Varying customer demands
X Not appropriate for pull system

9. MASS PRODUCTION
This is also called flow production.
The production can be undertaken on large
and specialized machines and processes.

10. This is when goods are mass made continuously
on a production line.
Examples include:
Cars
Glass
Microchips

11.  ADVANTAGES
 Mechanization and division of labour
 Large – scale economies
 Minimum material handling costs
 DISADVANTAGES
X Special care
X Idle machinery may result in wastage of
resources
X Bottle necks

12. THANK YOU