This presentation is designed to help yr7 students and any students who study biology to understand cells for beginners. Feel free to comment, download, like etc.

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CellsCells
Please note – some of the animation effects used here only work in PP XP

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Using a microscopeUsing a microscope
1. Eyepiece
3. Focus
adjustor
2. Arm
4. Base
5. Mirror
6. Stage
7. Lenses

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4)
1)
5)
6)
2)
3)
Plant cells vs. Animal cellsPlant cells vs. Animal cells
Both types of cell have these: Only plant cells
have these:
Cell wall – provides
support
Large Vacuole
– contains sap
Chloroplasts –
contain chlorophyll
Cell Membrane –
holds the cell
together
Cytoplasm -
this is where the
reactions happen
Nucleus –
The “brain” of
the cell

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Specialised cellsSpecialised cells
Consider the root hair cell:
It is “suited” to its job of taking in
water and nutrients in 2 ways:
1) It has a large surface area
2) It has a thin cell membrane
The sperm cell is another example of a
specialised cell:
Strong tail for
swimming
Vacuole containing
enzymes

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More specialised animal cellsMore specialised animal cells
Red Blood Cell
Carriesoxygen around thebody
No nucleusand largesurface
area
I.D:
Function:
Features:
White blood cell
Egg cell (ovum)
Ciliated
epithelial cell
Nerve cell
(neurone)

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Cells, tissues, organs and systemsCells, tissues, organs and systems
Basically, all living things are
made up of cells…
A group of CELLS makes up a
TISSUE
A group of TISSUES makes up
an ORGAN
A group of ORGANS makes up a
SYSTEM
A group of SYSTEMS make up an
ORGANISM

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Another exampleAnother example
Here’s another example in humans:
Muscle cells
Muscle tissue
Organ
System
Organism

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Cell growthCell growth
Animal cells:
Plant cells:

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Plant reproductionPlant reproduction
For a plant to reproduce two stages must happen:
Stage 1: Pollination – pollen from one plant is taken to another
by insects or the wind:

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Plant reproductionPlant reproduction
Stage 2: Fertilisation – a pollen tube grows down through the
style and the pollen grain (which contains the male sex cell)
travels down the tube to fertilise the female egg cell:
Ovaries