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1. 23/09/15
Fit and HealthyFit and Healthy

2. 23/09/15
Body systemsBody systems
The RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM: takes in _____
The DIGESTIVE SYSTEM:
takes in ________
The ___________
SYSTEM: transports
oxygen and glucose
around the body
The SKELETAL and
MUSCULAR
systems: use the
_____ from glucose
to allow ________
Words – energy, movement, oxygen, glucose, circulatory

3. 23/09/15
Balanced dietBalanced diet
A balanced diet should contain fats, proteins and
carbohydrates in roughly these amounts:
It should also contain water, vitamins, minerals and fibre.

4. 23/09/15
Poor dietsPoor diets
If we don’t have a balanced diet we may suffer form a
“deficiency symptom”:
Vitamin D
Protein
Vitamin C
Vitamin A
Iron
Anaemia
Scurvy (bleeding gums and joints)
Weak bones and teeth
Wasting of body tissue
Rickets
Lack of… Causes…

5. 23/09/15
Muscles and the skeletonMuscles and the skeleton
Muscles are said to work in
“antagonistic pairs”. This is because
they oppose each other’s movement:
The skeleton does 3 jobs:
1) It gives the body SHAPE
2) It allows the body to MOVE
3) It PROTECTS the major organs

6. 23/09/15
JointsJoints
An “immovable”
joint
A “slightly”
movable
joint”
“Hinge” joints
A “ball and
socket” joint

7. 23/09/15
A typical joint – the kneeA typical joint – the knee
Synovial fluid – an oily
substance that reduces
friction
Cartilage – stops the
bones from rubbing
against each other
Ligaments – hold the joint
together

8. 23/09/15
The Respiratory SystemThe Respiratory System
Ribs – to protect
the chest
Bronchioles
Bronchi Trachea – has stiff
rings of cartilage to
prevent it collapsing
Rib muscles –
to raise and
lower the ribs
Lung
Diaphragm –
muscular
sheet
Alveoli (“air sacs”)
– gas exchange
takes place here

9. 23/09/15
Gas exchangeGas exchange
Alveoli are very good at exchanging gases because…
1) They have a LARGE surface area
2) They have a good blood supply
3) They are moist

10. 23/09/15
SmokingSmoking
Cigarettes contain 3 harmful things:
1. NICOTINE, which is an ___________ drug that raises
the heart beat, narrows the arteries and so causes
____ _____ _____. This leads to heart _________.
2. TAR, which coats the lining of the _______ making
them less able to take in oxygen. It also contains
carcinogens which cause ______________.
3. CARBON MONOXIDE, which is a _______ ____ which
joins up with ____ blood cells making them incapable of
transporting _____________ around the body.
Words – high blood pressure, oxygen, red, addictive,
disease, poisonous gas, lungs, cancer

11. 23/09/15
Damaging the alveoli (emphysema)Damaging the alveoli (emphysema)
Before smoking After smoking – less
surface area

12. 23/09/15
The effect of drugsThe effect of drugs
Alcohol Solvents
Liver
damage
Brain
damage
Addiction
Bad
judgement
Hallucinations
Personality
change
Organ damage