The document discusses different types of energy including heat, kinetic, nuclear, sound, light, chemical, electrical, gravitational potential, and elastic potential. It provides examples of energy changes for different systems like a light bulb, electric fire, rock dropping, and arrow being fired. The document also discusses electrical energy and how electrons move through circuits. Additional topics covered include fuels, renewable energy sources, parts of a power station, energy transfer diagrams, and example questions.

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Energy and ElectricityEnergy and Electricity

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The 9 types of energyThe 9 types of energy
Type 3 example sources
Heat
Kinetic (movement)
Nuclear
Sound
Light
Chemical
Electrical
Gravitational potential
Elastic potential
Type 3 example sources

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Energy changesEnergy changes
To describe an energy change for a
light bulb we need to do 3 steps:
Electricity Light + heat
1) Write down the
starting energy:
3) Write down
what energy types
are given out:2) Draw an arrow
What are the energy changes for the following…?
1) An electric fire
2) A rock about to drop
3) An arrow about to be fired

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Electrical EnergyElectrical Energy
Consider a simple circuit:
Words – electrical (x2), light, chemical
The job of the battery is
to convert ______ energy
into _________ energy…
The job of the bulb is to
convert the _________
energy it receives from
the battery into ______
energy.

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Electrical EnergyElectrical Energy
Energy
Hi. I’m Ernie Electron
and I’m going to show
you how I get energy
around a circuit.

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Electrical EnergyElectrical Energy
Energy
Hi. I’m Ernie Electron
and I’m going to show
you how I get energy
around a circuit.

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Electrical EnergyElectrical EnergyHi. I’m Ernie Electron
and I’m going to show
you how I get energy
around a circuit.
Energy

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FuelsFuels
A “fuel” is something that can be burned to release heat and
light energy. The main examples are:
Coal, oil and gas are called “fossil fuels”. In
other words, they were made from fossils.

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Renewable energy sourcesRenewable energy sources
Wind
Tidal
Hydro-electric
Geothermal
Biomass
Wave

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Power stationsPower stations
Cooling
tower
Turbine
Generator
TransformerBoiler

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What doesWhat does
each part do?each part do?
The boiler is where the fuel is burnt to boil
water
The steam from the boiler is used to turn a
turbine
The turbine is connected to the generator,
which acts like a dynamo – it generates
electricity out of movement
The steam is cooled down and turned back
into water in the cooling tower

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Energy Transfer diagramsEnergy Transfer diagrams
Consider a light bulb. Let’s say that the bulb runs on 100
watts (100 joules per second) and transfers 20 joules per
second into light and the rest into heat. Draw this as a
diagram:
100 J/s
electrical
energy
“Input” energy “Output” energy
80 J/s heat
energy (given to
the surroundings)
20 J/s
light energy

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Example questionsExample questions
Consider a kettle:
1) Work out each energy value.
2) What is the kettle’s
efficiency?
Sound
energy
Wasted
heat
Heat to
water
2000 J/s
electrical
energy
Consider a computer:
150 J/s
electrical
energy
10 J/s
wasted
sound
20 J/s
wasted
heat
Useful
light and
sound
1) How much energy is converted
into useful energy?
2) What is the computer’s
efficiency?