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1. 23/09/15
Environmental ChemistryEnvironmental Chemistry

2. 23/09/15
SoilSoil
Most of the Earth is covered by a
layer of soil. What is soil made of?
1) Small fragments of ____
2) Living and dead vegetation
3) _____
4) Dead ______
Some plants prefer acidic soil and some prefer alkaline soil. To make soil
more alkaline ______ _____ can be added. To make it more acidic ___
____ is used.
Words – animals, moss peat, rock, calcium carbonate, water

3. 23/09/15
Acid RainAcid Rain
Acid rain damages trees and buildings and can harm
wildlife. What causes it?
Sulphur
dioxide from
volcanoesCarbon dioxide
and sulphur
dioxide from
power stations
Oxides of nitrogen
S
O
O
H
H
O S
O
O
H
H
O
Sulphur dioxide + water sulphurous acid

4. 23/09/15
Air pollutionAir pollution
As well as acid rain, air can be polluted by dust, pollen,
compounds of lead and carbon monoxide. Nearly all of this
pollution is man made, so how can we stop it?
Ways of
reducing
pollution
Develop more
efficient
engines
Use catalytic
converters in
cars
Use low
sulphur petrol
“Wash” waste
gases to
remove dust
and particles
Use lead-free
petrol

5. 23/09/15
Global WarmingGlobal Warming
Facts:
1) The 10 warmest years
of the last century
have all occurred
within the last 15
years
2) Sea level has risen by
between 12 and 24cm
in the last 100 years
3) Rainfall has risen by
1%

6. 23/09/15
The Greenhouse EffectThe Greenhouse Effect
1) Heat and light energy
reach us from the sun…
2) …a lot of this heat is
reflected off the Earth’s
surface…
3) …some of the
heat escapes back
into space…
4) …while some of
it is reflected back
to the Earth – this
is called The
Greenhouse Effect

7. 23/09/15
Upsetting the balanceUpsetting the balance
Until recently, the environment has maintained a balance in
carbon dioxide:
Carbon dioxide
is produced by
respiration…
…and used by
photosynthesis
Unfortunately, this balance is being upset by two main factors:
1) Excessive burning of fossil fuels…
…is producing too much carbon dioxide
2)Large scale deforestation…
…is slowing down the removal of carbon dioxide
from the atmosphere