New Airport Terminal area design & planning. These topic helpful of use the new site of airport and maximum parts are cover of terminal area. The terminal area of airport of facility of passengers are provides and utility.
Institute:- Agragami college
Name:- Amal Tom
Class:- 4th Semester BBA Aviation.
Roll No:- G1811009 OR 09
Subject:- Aviation
Topic:- Airport Planning.and Design
www.jetlinemarvel.net
New Airport Terminal area design & planning. These topic helpful of use the new site of airport and maximum parts are cover of terminal area. The terminal area of airport of facility of passengers are provides and utility.
Institute:- Agragami college
Name:- Amal Tom
Class:- 4th Semester BBA Aviation.
Roll No:- G1811009 OR 09
Subject:- Aviation
Topic:- Airport Planning.and Design
www.jetlinemarvel.net
The Slides comprises of all the elements of Airport Layout like Terminal Building, Hanger, Apron, Runway & Taxiway.
feel free to ask any question, just drop a line in comment box.
Airport capacity and airport marking
This ppt was made by a pre final year civil engineering student for the presentation of seminar in his personal class.
you can refer it only for education purpose.
Aviation engineering is a branch of engineering which deals with airspace development, airport design, aircraft navigation technologies, and aerodrome planning. It also involves the formulation of public policy, regulations, aviation laws pertaining to airspace, airlines, airports, aerodromes and the conduct of air services agreements through treaty.
This branch of engineering is distinct from aerospace engineering which deals with the development of aircraft and spacecraft.
Public Private Partnership In Indian AirportsJetline Marvel
Name : JANVI. D
REG NO:G1811015
TOPIC:Public Private Partnership In Indian Airports.
SUBJECT:Priciples Of Airline And Airport Management.
INSTITUTE: Agragami Institute Of Management
This presentation briefly explains about important factors affecting the design and plan of Airports.
Topics Covered: Introduction, AAI, Features of planes affecting the design of airports, size of airport, site selection for airport, visual aids, difficulries in planning an airport.
Name: HARIKRISHNAN U
REGNO:G1811013
TOPIC : AIRPORT OPERATIONS AND AIRPORT FUNCTIONS
COLLEGE: AGRAGAMI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, YELAHANKA, BANGALORE
www.jetlinemarvel.net
The airport apron is the area of an airport where aircraft are parked, unloaded or loaded, refueled, or boarded. Although the use of the apron is covered by regulations, such as lighting on vehicles, it is typically more accessible to users than the runway or taxiway.
Establishment of any new development generates additional trips that may have negative effects on the existing traffic network. To assess the impact of the development traffic on the transport network and to identify reasonable solutions Traffic Impact Assessment (TIA) is performed. In the absence of sophisticated travel demand model TIA is carried out manually. In manual process, total trip generated from the development site is estimated by multiplying the trip rate with the development size. In this process the task can be completed very easily, but the accuracy of the calculation depends on the reliability of the trip rates used in the calculation. As Bangladesh does not have standard trip rates, TIA is generally performed by using trip rates obtained from the Institute of Transportation Engineers’ “Trip Generation” report, which is ideal for Western countries. In this research, trip rates of shopping centers in Dhaka city are estimated.This study conducts only for trip attraction rates of shopping centers having different sizes and located at different places (Dhanmondi, Gulshan and Siddheswari) in Dhaka city. In order to do so number of persons and vehicles entering the shopping centers in every fifteen minutes interval during peak periods are counted then converted for an hour. From the survey data, it is found that the trip attraction rates of small shopping centers are much higher than that of medium size shopping centers. Macroscopic model is also developed from the survey data. The macroscopic modelrelates the attraction rates of the shopping centers as a function of the physical features such as gross floor area, number of car parking, number of shops and availability of restaurants(available or not) in the shopping centers.
The Slides comprises of all the elements of Airport Layout like Terminal Building, Hanger, Apron, Runway & Taxiway.
feel free to ask any question, just drop a line in comment box.
Airport capacity and airport marking
This ppt was made by a pre final year civil engineering student for the presentation of seminar in his personal class.
you can refer it only for education purpose.
Aviation engineering is a branch of engineering which deals with airspace development, airport design, aircraft navigation technologies, and aerodrome planning. It also involves the formulation of public policy, regulations, aviation laws pertaining to airspace, airlines, airports, aerodromes and the conduct of air services agreements through treaty.
This branch of engineering is distinct from aerospace engineering which deals with the development of aircraft and spacecraft.
Public Private Partnership In Indian AirportsJetline Marvel
Name : JANVI. D
REG NO:G1811015
TOPIC:Public Private Partnership In Indian Airports.
SUBJECT:Priciples Of Airline And Airport Management.
INSTITUTE: Agragami Institute Of Management
This presentation briefly explains about important factors affecting the design and plan of Airports.
Topics Covered: Introduction, AAI, Features of planes affecting the design of airports, size of airport, site selection for airport, visual aids, difficulries in planning an airport.
Name: HARIKRISHNAN U
REGNO:G1811013
TOPIC : AIRPORT OPERATIONS AND AIRPORT FUNCTIONS
COLLEGE: AGRAGAMI INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, YELAHANKA, BANGALORE
www.jetlinemarvel.net
The airport apron is the area of an airport where aircraft are parked, unloaded or loaded, refueled, or boarded. Although the use of the apron is covered by regulations, such as lighting on vehicles, it is typically more accessible to users than the runway or taxiway.
Establishment of any new development generates additional trips that may have negative effects on the existing traffic network. To assess the impact of the development traffic on the transport network and to identify reasonable solutions Traffic Impact Assessment (TIA) is performed. In the absence of sophisticated travel demand model TIA is carried out manually. In manual process, total trip generated from the development site is estimated by multiplying the trip rate with the development size. In this process the task can be completed very easily, but the accuracy of the calculation depends on the reliability of the trip rates used in the calculation. As Bangladesh does not have standard trip rates, TIA is generally performed by using trip rates obtained from the Institute of Transportation Engineers’ “Trip Generation” report, which is ideal for Western countries. In this research, trip rates of shopping centers in Dhaka city are estimated.This study conducts only for trip attraction rates of shopping centers having different sizes and located at different places (Dhanmondi, Gulshan and Siddheswari) in Dhaka city. In order to do so number of persons and vehicles entering the shopping centers in every fifteen minutes interval during peak periods are counted then converted for an hour. From the survey data, it is found that the trip attraction rates of small shopping centers are much higher than that of medium size shopping centers. Macroscopic model is also developed from the survey data. The macroscopic modelrelates the attraction rates of the shopping centers as a function of the physical features such as gross floor area, number of car parking, number of shops and availability of restaurants(available or not) in the shopping centers.
Introduction to Airport Engineering Air craft characteristics affecting airport planning &
design, selection of site for an airport. Airports - layout and orientation, Runway and taxiway design
consideration and geometric design. Airport drainage management, Zoning laws, Visual aids and air
traffic control, Runway lighting, Runway operation Helipads, hangers, service equipment.
Railways Harbors Tunneling and Airports Module 4 complete presentation as per VTU Syllabus
Air transport has the following characteristics:
1. Unbroken Journey: Air transport provides unbroken journey over land and sea. It is the fastest and quickest means of transport.
2. Rapidity: Air transport had the highest speed among all the modes of transport
3. Expensive: Air transport is the most expensive means of transport. There is huge investment in purchasing aero planes and constructing of aerodromes.
4. Special Preparations: Air transport requires special preparations like wheelers links, meteorological stations, flood lights, searchlights etc.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
08-Airport Configuration-1 ( Highway and Airport Engineering Dr. Sherif El-Badawy )
1. 1
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Airport Configuration
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Text Books
• Planning and Design of Airports, Horonjeff, R.,
Meklvey, F., Sproule, W., and Young, S., McGraw Hill,
2010.
• ICAO = International Civil Aviation Organization
2. 2
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Guidance and Standards
International Standards and
Recommended Practices
United States’ Regulations and
Standards Untied States is a
“Contracting State”
3
3. 3
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Airside
Airside Facilities
Aircraft
Runway
Taxiway
Apron
Gates
Aircraft
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
LANDSIDE
Landside Facilities
Terminal Building
Passenger Movement
Baggage Handling
Parking Facilities
Public Transportation
4. 4
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
JFK Airport
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
5. 5
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Tampa-Florida
6. 6
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Runway and Taxiway
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Gates
7. 7
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Airport Configuration
• Airport configuration is defined as the number
and orientation of runways and the location of
the terminal area relative to the runways.
• Number of runways depends on air traffic volume.
• Orientation of runways depends on the direction of
wind, size and shape of the area and land use and
airspace use restrictions in the vicinity of airport.
• The terminal building should be located so as to
provide easy and timely access to runways.
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Airport Design
• One of the great challenges for airport planning
and design is creating facilities that accommodate
a very wide variety of aircraft.
• Aircraft vary widely in terms of:
• Physical dimensions
• Performance characteristics
• Whether they be operated for commercial air service,
cargo, or general aviation activities.
8. 8
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Airport Design and its Relation to Aircraft
• Depending on the portion of the area of the airport, certain
aircraft specifications become more critical:
• Weight is important for determining the structure design of runway,
taxiway, and apron pavements,
• Takeoff and landing runway length requirements at an airport,
which in turn to a large extent influences planning of the entire
airport property.
• Wingspan and turning radii dictate width of runways and taxiways,
the distances between these traffic ways, and affects the required
turning radius on pavement curves.
• The wingspan length influence the size of parking aprons, which in
turn influences the configuration of the terminal buildings.
• An aircraft’s passenger capacity has an important bearing on
facilities within and adjacent to the terminal building.
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Aircraft Characteristics
9. 9
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Turning Radius
The maximum angles vary from
60 to 80.
For design purposes a steering
angle of 50° is often applied.
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
10. 10
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
11. 11
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Landing Gear Configuration
Single Landing Gear Configuration
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Landing Gear Configuration
Complex Landing Gear Configuration
12. 12
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Landing Gear Configuration
• The landing gear configuration plays a critical role in
distributing the weight of an aircraft on the ground it
sits on.
• Thus in turn has a significant impact on the design of
airfield pavements.
• Specifically, the more wheels on a landing gear, the
heavier an aircraft can be and still be supported on a
ramp, taxiway, or runway of a given pavement
strength.
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Aircraft Weight
• An aircraft is measured with a certain number of
weight measurements, depending on:
• Its level of loading with fuel, payload, and crew, and
• Assigned maximum allowable weight values for takeoff,
landing, and at rest.
• These various measurements of aircraft weight are
important to airport planning and design, in particular
the facilities such as taxiways, and runways that are
designed to support the aircraft.
13. 13
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Aircraft characteristics
The weights of an aircraft consists of the following components
1.Operating Empty Weight (OEW)
2.Maximum Payload
3.Maximum Zero Fuel Weight (MZFW)
4.Maximum Take-off Weight (MTOW)
5.Maximum Taxi Weight (MTW)
6.Maximum Landing Weight (MLW)
Weight Components
وزنالفارغ التشغيل
الصافية االنشائية الحمولة
الصفري الوقود وزن
لالقالع انشائي وزن اقصي
االرضية للمناورة وزن اقصي
للهبوط انشائي وزن اقصي
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Aircraft Weight: Operating Empty
Weight (OEW)
• The Operating Empty Weight (OEW), the basic weight of the
aircraft including crew and all the necessary gear required for
flight but not including payload and fuel. lightest weight
• The OEW of an aircraft is considered for the design of aircraft that
may occupy maintenance hangars, aircraft storage facilities, or
any other areas that are not intended to support the weight of an
aircraft when loaded with fuel or payload.
• The payload includes the weight of passengers and their
baggage, mail, express, and cargo.
• The maximum structural payload is the maximum load which
the aircraft is certified to carry, whether this load be passengers,
cargo, or a combination of both.
•
14. 14
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Aircraft Weight: Zero Fuel Weight (ZFW)
• Zero Fuel Weight (ZFW) = OEW of an aircraft
+ payload.
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Aircraft Weight: Maximum Gross
Takeoff Weight
• The maximum gross takeoff weight is the
maximum weight authorized for takeoff.
• It excludes taxi and run-up fuel and includes
the operating empty weight, trip and reserve
fuel, and payload.
15. 15
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Aircraft Weight: Maximum Structural
Takeoff Weight, (MSTOW)
• The maximum structural takeoff weight (MSTOW), is typically
designed as the maximum gross takeoff weight for an aircraft
operating at sea level elevation at a temperature of 59°F
(15°C).
• It is also the maximum weight that the aircraft’s landing gear can
support.
• The MSTOW is the standard design weight measurement used in
airport planning and design.
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Aircraft Weight: Maximum Structural
Landing Weight, (MSLW)
• The maximum structural landing weight (MLW) is the
structural capability of the aircraft in landing.
• The main gear is structurally designed to absorb the forces
encountered during landing; the larger the forces, the heavier
must be the gear.
• Normally the main gears of transport category aircraft are
structurally designed for a landing at a weight less than the
maximum structural takeoff weight.
• This is so because an aircraft loses weight en route by burning
fuel.
16. 16
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Aircraft Characteristics
Speed of aircraft can be defined in two ways, cruising
speed, or ground speed and air speed:
Cruising speed is the speed of aircraft with respect to
the ground when the aircraft is flying in the air at its
maximum speed.
Air speed is the speed of aircraft relative to wind.
Thus, if the aircraft is at a speed of 500 kph and there
is a head wind of 50 kph, air speed will be 450 kph.
Speed of Aircraft
17. 17
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Aircraft characteristics
The number of passengers, baggage, cargo, and
fuel that can be accommodated in the aircraft
depends upon the capacity of aircraft.
The capacity of aircraft using an airport have an
important effect on the capacity of runway
systems as well as that of the passenger terminal
facilities
Aircraft Capacity
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Airport planning
Airport Layout
The layout of an airport is dependant upon a number
of factors, of which the most important are:-
18. 18
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
(1). Runway Length
• This material will be discussed in the next
chapter which talks about the
determination of runway length.
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
(2). Runway Orientation
19. 19
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Analysis of Wind for Orienting Runways
• Runways are oriented in the direction of prevailing
winds.
• The data on wind intensity (speed), direction and
duration are essential to determine the orientation of
runways.
• High intensity winds perpendicular to the direction
of runway cause wobbling effect and cause
problems during landing and takeoff of aircrafts.
• Smaller aircrafts are particularly affected by these
crosswinds.
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Analysis of Wind
• Cross wind component :
• The component of wind intensity perpendicular to
the centre line of runway is termed as cross wind
component (CWC).
• Allowable cross wind component:
• This is the maximum cross wind component that is
safe for aircraft operations. This depends on the
size of aircraft, wing configuration and the condition
of the pavement surface.
20. 20
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
ICAO guidelines on cross wind component
ICAO specifies that runways should be oriented so
that aircraft may be landed at least 95 percent of the
time with crosswind components as shown below:
ICAO Annex 14
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Wind Rose Coordinate System
21. 21
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Example Wind Data
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Wind Data in Wind Rose Format
22. 22
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Wind coverage for runway 9–27
90.8 percent
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Wind coverage for runway 3–21
6.2%
above
that
provided
by
the
runway
oriented
90° to
270°
23. 23
Misr Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Mansoura.
Wind coverage for runways 9–27 and 3–21
97.0 percent