04 chapter04 specification_forms
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This document discusses specification forms used for instrumentation. It explains that specification forms provide important details about instruments, including signal type, measured fluid, pressure/temperature requirements, and area classification. Standard forms from ANSI/ISA-20-1981 are often modified with additional or omitted fields. Filling out the forms requires process, code, and product knowledge. The document also discusses classified production areas and intrinsic safety.
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04 chapter04 specification_forms
- 1. Specification Forms Chapter 04 – Specification Forms EMEC125
- 2. Specification Forms • When device(s) symbol(s) and tag number(s) are added to a P&ID • Instrument index is updated to include the tag number(s) and/or the database is updated to ensure that the tag number(s) are unique • A written instrument definition showing the operational parameters of the instrument, programming a configuration for SCADA, DCS, PLC/PAC and personal computers • P&ID Information not Sufficient • Tag number is only part of the required definition • Also needed is: • Signal sourced in the field or loop powered? • Fluid to be measured • Pressure and temperature requirements • Electrical area classification • ANSI/ISA-20-1981 and ANSI/ISA-TR20.00.01-2007
- 3. Standard Forms • The standard forms provided in ANSI/ISA-20-1981 are typically modified. • Fields are omitted when not applicable • Fields are added that are applicable to what is important for a company’s process(es) • Knowledge Required when Filling Out Forms • Process knowledge • Codes, specification and standard knowledge • Product knowledge
- 4. Filling Out Specification Forms • In class activity: • There are two forms in the LMS or instructor specified location • Have the students download and save these forms to a location of the choice, but not to the local hard drive. • Students should perform the examples starting on page 87 of the textbook “Filling Out Specification Forms” • Students should then perform the example starting on page 93 of the textbook “Level Instruments (displacer or float)”
- 5. Classified Production Areas • Process often involve the handling of hazardous and/or flammable materials • Installations of these processes must adhere to national and local standards and codes • National Electrical Code (NEC) has been adopted as law in the United States • Be aware of other standards and codes and those used in other countries • The next slide graphically shows the Area Classifications.
- 7. Intrinsic Safety • Circuits can be constructed that do not store and release enough energy to ignite a hazardous atmosphere under normal, abnormal and/or fault conditions • A barrier limits the energy supply to the intrinsically safe circuit • Components that store energy are prevented from storing too much energy • Devices in the circuit are proven to be inherently, intrinsically safe and are employed in a properly designed intrinsically safe system • Intrinsic safety is detailed in: ISA-TR12.2-1995 – Intrinsic Safety Assessment Using the Entity Concept ISA-TR_12-2.PDF
- 8. References CEmark.com & European.Authorized-Representative.eu. (1996-2015). What is CE Marking (CE Mark)? Retrieved June 17, 2015, from Welkang Tech Consulting: http://www.ce- marking.org/what-is-ce-marking.html International Society of Automation. (2003). Automation, Systems, and Instrumentation Dictionary (4th ed.). Research Triangle Park: International Society of Automation. Retrieved from http://app.knovel.com/hotlink/toc/id:kpASIDE005/automation-systems- instrumentation/automation-systems-instrumentation International Society of Automation. (2009, September 18). ANSI/ISA-5.1-2009 Instrumentation Symbols and Identification. American National Standard. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina: International Society of Automation. Kirk, W. F., Weedon, A. T., & Kirk, P. (2014). Instrumentation and Process Control (6th ed.). Orland Park, Illinois: American Technical Publishers. Lipták, G. B. (Ed.). (1995). Process Measurement and Analysis (3rd ed.). Radnor, Pennsylvania: Chilton Book Company. McAvinew, T., & Mulley, R. (2004). Control System Documentation Applying Symbols and Identification (2nd ed.). Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA: International Society of Automation. Meier, F. A., & Meier, A. C. (2011). Instrumentation and Control Systems Documentation (2nd ed.). Research Triangle Park, North Carolina: International Society of Automation. Thomas, E. C. (2015). Introduction to Process Technology (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Editor's Notes
- Discuss why the information on a P&ID is not sufficient for everyone who uses the documentation. SCADA – Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition DCS – Distributed Control System PLC – Programmable Logic Controller PAC – Programmable Automation Controller Items that are not specified on P&ID’s are things like: Is the instrument power sourced in the field or is it loop powered? What process fluid is being measured The pressure and temperature requirements for the instrument(s) Electrical classification for the type of area the instrument will be used Flow rate(s) Metallurgical and materials requirements Specification sheets can be and should be in accordance to ANSI/ISA-20-1981 and Technical Reports are in the newer ANSI/ISA-20.00.01-2007 (The textbook references ANSI/ISA-20.00.01-2006; however, 2007 is the latest version as of this writing).
- Discuss how companies modify the specification forms to meet their requirements. When filling out a spec. form, some specific knowledge is required: Process Knowledge Knowledge must be know of how the process works and how it is controlled Process flow rates, temperatures and pressures must be known All process variations should be known Effect of process materials on the wetted parts of instruments must be known Corrosive and hazardous materials must be known and how it will affect equipment Explosion and fire hazards Codes, Specifications and Standard Knowledge Familiarity with national and local standards is required NFPA 70 (NEC) Aware of international standards when required Product Knowledge Vendors and suppliers of devices and equipment must be known Common features of equipment must be know, particularly when having to go out for bid Must understand and know that “hot features” might be “nice to have”; however, not needed for the process. These un-needed features could ellimate vendors from bidding on equipment.
- Have the students download two forms from the LMS or the location you specify. Then have them go through the example in the textbook starting on page 87 – Filling Out Specification Forms, Page 93 – Level Instruments. When they have finished that exercise, have them pick an instrument from the trainers and fill out the forms for that instrument.
- Petroleum and chemical manufacturers are examples of hazardous/flammable materials. “To prevent fires or explosions, equipment use and installation must follow safe practices that are set down in codes.” Some of the codes are: NEC – National Electrical Code CSA – Canadian Standards Association UL – Underwriters Laboratory FM – Factory Mutual CE – Abbreviation of the French phrase “Conformeté Européene” which literally means “European Conformity” (CEmark.com & European.Authorized-Representative.eu, 1996-2015) NEMA – National Electrical Manufacturers Association When using the NEC, be sure to use the code year being used in the state and/or city where the process is located. As an example, even though NEC is the law in all 50-states, different states work from different editions. Pennsylvania is currently using NEC 2008. The latest edition is 2014. The 2017 edition is under review as of this writing (June 17, 2015); however, Pennsylvania is still using 2008 and the legislators recently shot down moving to 2014. That doesn’t mean that their ruling can’t be overturned. This is why you need to become familiar with what standards and codes are being used in the state and city where you’re working. Also be aware of the standard in other countries, especially if you are working for an international company. The next slide is taken from EMEC107 – Instrumenation Safety and graphically shows the electrical Class-Group-Divisions of the NEC 2008.
- Here is another way of looking at the previous chart. So meantime you can work upward on these types of charts to get your designations. What gas or dust are you working with? Present all the time or just abnormally? Classes: Class I – Sufficient quantities of flammable gasses or vapors are present in the air to produce an ignitable mixture and/or explosion. Class II – Sufficient quantities of combustible dusts are present to cause a hazard. (Flour mills, coal pulverizing, cement manufacturing) Class III – Flyings or fibers not normally in suspension in the air are in enough quantity to be hazardous and easily ignited. Groups: Group A – acetylene Group B – butadiene, hydrogen Group C – carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide Group D – ammonia, most petroleum products Group E – metal dusts Group F – carbon black Group G - flour
- Briefly discuss Intrinsic Safety. This topic is beyond the scope of this course. The file, ISA-TR12.2-1995 – Intrinsic Safety Assessment Using the Entity Concept can be found in the pdf file “ISA-TR_12-2.pdf”.