Aksharica (अक्षरिका) is a Nepali Language Newsletter. Aksharica is made with a combination of two words “Akshar” and “America”. Akshar means “letter” in Nepali, thus goal of the Aksharica is to educate, inform, inspire, and empower the Nepali speaking community (Bhutanese and Nepalese) residing in America. Rajesh Koirala is working as an editor since it started on August 2010. This is 33rd issue, published on April, 2012.

1. o;leq s] s] <
g /Stbfg===========================@
g #) nfv z/0ffyL{===========@
g x]8kmf]g / b'3{6gf===========@
g b'O{ vfn] a}+svftf========@
g g3'dfpg'xf];===================@
g 6ØfS; xln8]===================@
g d x'F M lu|gsf8{=============#
g d[To'sf d'Vo sf/0f=====#
g xflR5pF ubf{÷vf]Sbf======#
g rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb====$
g ck|]nsf] kfqf]================$
g gful/s k|Zg–pQ/========$
@)!@ clk|n
jif{ @ c+s ##
;Dkfblso
s/sf] dxTj 7"nf]
…s/ / d[To' lglZrt x'G5gÚ
of] egfO{ ;j{q nfu" x'G5 . s/
jfWotf xf]Og, clgjfo{ xf] .
s/af6 ;/sf/ rN5 . o;sf]
/sd ;}lgs / k|x/Lsf] tna
e'Stfg ul/G5 . af6f, afFw
agfOG5g / :s"n ;~rfng
x'G5g . s/sf] /sdaf6} cfDbfgL
sd ePsfnfO{ vfgfsf] k|aGw /
a'9fkfsfnfO{ d]l8s]o/ ;'ljwf
lbOG5 . ;/sf/n] lbg] ;'ljwf
s/af6 ;+ej 5 . s/ pkof]u
x'g] ;of}+ If]qx¿ 5g . s/af6
;/sf/L sf]if el/Pg eg] ;/sf/
rnfpg ;lsGg .
Psbd ;fwf/0f nfUg] s/sf]
dxTj eg] 7"nf] 5 . wGojfb .
cd]l/sfsf afl;Gbfsf nflu
ck|]n dlxgf cfly{s lx;fan]
lgs} dxÎjsf] dlxgf xf] . of]
dlxgfsf] dWo;Dddf s/
km:of}{6 ug]{ sfd ;lsG5 eg]
ck|]n dlxgfnfO{ /fli6«o ljQLo
;fIf/tf dlxgf (National
Financial Literacy Month)
sf ?kdf dgfOG5 .
s] xf] <
o;} dlxgfsf] dWo;Dd s/–
bflvnf ug'{kg]{ / o;}n] jif{e/
vr{sf] n]vfhf]vf ug{ ;lhnf]
x'g] ePsfn] …cfly{s 1fgÚ sf
nflu dlxgf g} tf]lsPsf] xf] .
cfly{s–1fg lsg h?/L <
Jojxf/df l;kfn' dflg;x?
cfDbfgL / vr{sf] n]vf–
hf]vf u5{g . dlxgf z'? x'Fbf
dlxgfe/sf] / s/ a'emfPkl5
jif{lbgsf] cfo–Joo o:tf]
x'G5 eGg] cg'dfg u5{g .
l6kf]6 /fV5g / To;}cg';f/
sfd u5{g .
cfly{s Joj:yfkg s;/L <
Pp6f sfuhdf kl/jf/sf
;a} ;b:osf] dfl;s cfDbfgL
n]Vg'xf]; . s'n cfDbfgLdf
sfdjfktsf] Hofnf÷tna,
©"8 6ofDk, 6ofg© / cGo
;/sf/L ;xfotf÷;'ljwfx?
k5{g . To;};Fu dlxgfe/
s'g s'g sfdsf nflu
slt vr{ nfU5 n]Vg'xf]; .
vr{df 3/ef8f, lah'nL, 3/
ttfpg] tfksf] vr{, vfBfGg,
nQfsk8f, a;–ef8f, sf/sf]
ck|]ndf k|To]ssf nflu cfly{s r]tgf
dfl;s C0f, sf/nfO{ UofF;,
cf}ifwL, 6]ln©f]g, s]a'n l6eL,
cGt/f{li6«o cfk|jf; ;+u7g
-cfOcf]Pd_ sf] ofqf–C0f cflb
k5{g . oL j:t' / ;'ljwf
tkfO{+sf cfjZostf x'g,
tkfO{+sf OR5f xf]Ogg .
s'n cfDbfgL / vr{ t'ngf
ug'{xf]; . tkfO{+sf] vr{eGbf
cfDbfgL a9L eof] eg] tkfO{+n]
art ug{ ;Sg'x'G5 jf rfx]sf]
s]xL ;fdfg lsGg ;Sg'x'G5 .
s/af/] eg] o;/L a'emf}+
k|To]s jif{ s/ a'emfpg]
;do clk|n !% elgP klg
ut jif{h:t} o; jif{ clk|n
!& ;Dd a'emfpg ;lsG5 .
clk|n !% cfOtaf/ labf /
/fhwfgL jfl;+u6g l8;Ldf
clk|n !^ df dgfOg] d'lSt
lbj; (Emancipation Day) sf
sf/0f of] ;do ;/]sf] xf] .
s/ a'emfpFbf cfkm"nfO{
;Nnfx rflxg] eP ;fyLefO,
Oi6ldq t ;w}+ ;xof]uL
x'g'x'G5 . o;afx]s s/;DaGwL
sfd ug]{ ;/sf/L sfof{no
cfOcf/P; (IRS) n] klg
k|lzlIft sd{rf/L 5'6ofPsf]
x'G5, pxfFx?af6 klg ;Nnfx
lng ;lsG5 .
s/ a'emfpg OG6/g]6sf]
k|of]u ug]{ rng a9]sf] 5,
h;nfO{ O–kmfon k|0ffnL (e-
file system) elgG5 . of] sd
emGem6 / rfF8f] s/
km:of}{6 x'g] pkfo xf] . of]
ljlwaf6 s/ km:of}{6 ug{
cln hfGg] dfG5] rflxG5 .
;g @)!) df OG6/g]6sf]
dfWodaf6 s/ km:of}{6
ug]{sf] ;+Vof ^( k|ltzt
k'u]sf] kfOof] .
OG6/g]6sf] dfWodaf6 s/
km:of}{6 gug]{ JolQmn] sfuhL–
kmf/dx? OG6/g]6af6 lems]/
lk|G6 ug{ ;Sg'x'G5 jf o:tf
kmf/d cfOcf/P; sfof{no jf
cGoqaf6 Nofpg jf 8fpgnf]8
ug{ ;Sg'x'G5 . kmf/d ebf{
cfˆgf tYox? ;lx eP jf
ePgg bf]xf]¥ofP/ x]g'{k5{ .
s/ km:of}{6kl5 OG6/g]6s}
dfWodaf6 cfkm"n] a'emfPsf]
s/sf] k|lqmof a'‰g ;lsG5,
h;nfO{ 6«oflsª ug'{ elgG5 .
jif}{lkR5] s/ ltb}{ hfFbf
;lhnf] x'Fb} klg hfG5 .
n n
ck|]nnfO{ cfly{s b[li6sf]0fn] dxTjsf] dlxgf
dflgG5 . o;sf] dWo;Dddf s/ km:of}{6
ul/G5 . o; dlxgfnfO{ ldof] agfP/ jif{lbgsf]
cfoJoosf] n]vfhf]vf ul/g] ePsfn]
‘/fli6«o ljlQo ;fIf/tf dlxgf’ dgfOG5 .
n n
ljQLo ;fIf/tf dlxgf

2. @
2;a}h;f] a}+sdf vf]lng] vftf
@ vfnsf x'G5g . Pp6f
rNtL vftf (Checking Ac-
count) xf] eg] csf]{ art vftf
(Saving Account) xf] . art
vftfdf /flvPsf] /sdn] Aofh
sdfpF5 . Ps} JolQmn] oL @
vfnsf vftf vf]Ng ;S5g .
cd]l/sfsf] /fi6«lktf s;nfO{ elgG5 <
g3'dfpg'
of] ;+s]tn] ‘o:tf] ;+s]t ePsf]
7fp“df uf8L 3'dfpg ldNb}g’
eg]sf] 5 .
6ØfS; xln8]
6ØfS; xln8] (Tax Holiday)
zAb s/;“u ;DalGwt 5 .
t/ of] clk|ndf km:of}{6 ul/g]
s/;“u k|ToIf ;DaGw 5}g .
pkef]Stfn] vl/b ug]{
;fdfgsf] d"Nodf nfUg] s/
ldgfxf ug]{ ;dosf ¿kdf
6ØfS; xln8] lrlgG5 .
ljleGg /fHodf tf]lsPsf]
;dodf km/s ;fdfgdf s/
lnO“b}g . of] ;do ‘6ØfS;
xln8]’ xf] .
ptf cnf:sf, 8]nfj/,
df]G6fgf, Go" ≈ofD;/ /
cf]/]ugdf eg] ;w}+ s]xL
;fdfgdf nfUg] s/ nufO“b}g .
o:tf] s/ gnfUg] ePsfn] oL
/fHodf 6ØfS; xln8] x'“b}g .
o'P;df #) nfv z/0ffyL{
cd]l/sfn] ;g @)!@
km]a|'c/Ldf #) nfvf}+
z/0ffyL{sf] :jfut u¥of] .
;g !(&% kl5 cd]l/sfdf
jif]{lg a9Ldf *) xhf/
z/0ffyL{nfO{ a;f]af;
u/fOFb} cfPsf] 5 . o;sf] cy{
;g !(&% kl5
cd]l/sfdf k'g:yf{lkt
u/fOPsf z/0fyL{sf] ;+Vof #)
nfv k'u]sf] 5 . cd]l/sfsf]
hg;+Vof #! s/f]8sf]
xf/fxf/Ldf 5 .
cd]l/sfn] z/0ffyL{nfO{ gofF
hLjg, gofF cfjf; / gofF
;d'bfo k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .
;g !(*) sf] bzsdf
leotfgfd, nfcf]; tyf
;f]leot ;+3 -clxn]sf] ?;
tyf cGo ljeflht d'n's_af6
z/0ffyL{ cd]l/sf NofOGy] .
;g !(() sf] bzsdf k"j{–
o'uf]:nfleofdf o'4 ePkl5 w]/}
af]l:gofnL z/0ffyL{x?
cd]l/sf cfP . @! ztfAbL
z'? ePkl5 adf{, e'6fg, O/fg,
O/fs / ;f]dflnofaf6 z/0ffyL{
NofP/ cd]l/sfdf k'g:yf{lkt
ul/Psf] 5 .
ut jif{ -;g @)!!_
dfq cd]l/sfdf %^ xhf/
z/0ffyL{nfO{ k'g:yf{lkt ul/
of] . %^ xhf/dWo] !$ xhf/
((( e"6fgL z/0ffyL{nfO{
cd]l/sf NofOPsf] lyof] .
x]8kmf]g ;'Gb} lxF8g] b'3{6gfdf
x]8kmf]g ;'Gb} lx+8bf ;8s–
b'3{6gfdf kg]{sf] ;+Vof
a9]sf] 5 .
g];gn On]S6«f]lgs OGHo'/L
;ef{ONofG; l;:6d (National
Electronic Injury Surveil-
lance System), o'P; sGHo'd/
k|f]8S6 ;]km]6L sld;g (U.S.
Consumer Product Safety
Commission), u'un Go'h
cfsf{Oe / j]:n SofDk;
l/;r{ (Westlaw Campus Re-
search) sf] cg';Gwfgcg';f/
of] ;+Vof ;g @))$ sf]
t'ngfdf ;g @)!! df t]Aa/
ePsf] 5 . pSt ;+:yfx?n]
;g @))$ kl5sf jif{df
x]8kmf]g nufP/ ;8sdf
lxF8bf uf8Lsf] 7Ss/af6 !
;o !^ sf] d[To' ePsf] tYo
km]nf kf/]sf 5g . of] ;+Vofdf
df]afOn–kmf]gaf6 uLt ;'Gg]x?
klg ;dfj]z 5 .
of] ;+Vofdf cf};t pd]/ @!
/ ^* k|ltzt k'?if 5g .
^& k|ltzt #) jif{eGbf sd
pd]/sf 5g . %% k|ltztnfO{
/]nn] 7Ss/ lbPsf] 5 .
/Stbfg M cd]l/sfsf] blIf0f–k"j{df a:g] g]kfnLx¿sf] ;+u7g …g]lKnh P;f]l;P;g Og ;fpb–O:6
cd]l/sfÚ (NASeA) n] …g]lKnh P;f]l;P;g Og hlh{ofÚ / hlh{of o'lgel;{6Lsf] …g]lKnh :6'8]G6
P;f]l;P;gÚ;Fu ldn]/ ut dfr{ # df hlh{of /fHosf] cNkmf/]§f (Alpharetta) df Ps /Stbfg sfo{qmd
u¥of] . pQm sfo{qmddf @) hgfn] /Stbfg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . /Stbfg ug]{df u}/–g]kfnL d"nsf
JolQmx? klg x'g'x'GYof] . gf;fn] ;g @)!@ df dfq cd]l/sfsf ljleGg :yfgdf !@ j6f o:tf
/Stbfg sfo{qmd ug]{ ePsf] 5 .
csf]{ /Stbfg

3. #
d lu|g–sf8{ (Green Card)
x'F . d]/f] cf}krfl/s gfd …:yfoL
afl;Gbf sf8{Ú (Permanent Resident
Card) xf] . of] sf8{ kfPsf] JolStn]
cd]l/sfdf a:g / sfd ug{ kfpF5.
n n n
cd]l/sf cfpFbf cWofudg ljefun]
lbPsf] :6of6;sf cfwf/df lu|g–sf8{
kfpg] tl/sf km/s 5g . z/0ffyL{sf
?kdf cd]l/sfdf cfPsf] JolStn]
cd]l/sf lelqPsf] Ps jif{kl5 lu|g–
sf8{ kfpgsf nflu cfj]bg lbg kfpF5 .
n n n
of] sf8{sf] cl3Nnf] efudf JolStsf]
tl:a/, p;sf] y/, gfd, sf8{–jfxssf]
hGd ePsf] b]zsf] gfd, cfk|jf;LnfO{
lbg] gDa/, cfk|jf;Lsf] ju{, p;sf]
hGd–ldlt, lnªu, cd]l/sfdf a:g
yfn]sf] ldlt, sf8{–;dfKtLsf] ldlt /
cf}7f5fk /xG5 .
n n n
lu|g–sf8{ kfPsf] kf“r jif{kl5 pSt
JolStn] cd]l/sL gful/stfsf nflu
cfj]bg lbg ;S5 .
n n n
lu|g–sf8{sf] cfj]bg lbFbf k|To]s
z/0ffyL{n] cfO–$*% gfds kmf/d
eg’{k5{ . of] kmf/d o'P;l;cfOP;sf]
j]a;fO6 (www.uscis.gov) df kfOG5 jf
o;sf] Ps k|ltsf nflu k'gjf{; ;+:yf
jf cGo ;fd'bflos ;+:yfnfO{
eGg'xf]; . cfO–$*% kmf/d;lxt
cfO–($ sf] kmf]6f]skL / tf]lsPsf]
cfsf/sf @ k|lt kmf]6f a'emfpg'xf]; . !$
b]lv &( jif{aLrsf k|To]s cfj]bsn]
hL–#@%P gfds kmf/d klg eg'{k5{ .
n n n
of] sf8{ cfjZos 7fpFdf dfq
b]vfpg ;lsG5 . sfd gkbf{ af]s]/
glxF8g'xf]; / of] sf8{ x/fPdf t'?Gt
o'P;l;cfOP;sf] sfof{nodf va/
ug'{k5{. sf8{sf] ldlt ;dfKt x'g'cl3
cfj]bg lbP/ csf]{ sf8{ agfpg'k5{ .
lu|g–sf8{
xflR5p“ ubf{ jf vf]Sbf 9fSg'xf];
xflR5p“ ubf{ jf vf]Sbf d'v jf gfs
v'nf 5f8g'x'Gg . Ps t o;af6 b'u{Gw
x'G5, csf]{ /f]u km}nG5 . xflR5pF ubf{
jf vf]Sbf ?dfn jf l6:o'–k]k/÷k]k/–
6fjnn] gfs jf d'v 9fSg'k5{ . olb
cfkm";Fu tTsfn ?dfn jf l6:o'–k]k/÷
k]k/–6fjn 5}g eg] afx'nfn] 9fSg'k5{ .
rnfO;s]sf] l6:o'–k]k/÷k]k/–6fjn
tTsfn ˆofFSg'k5{ . xflR5pF u/]kl5 jf
vf]s]kl5 ;fa'g nufP/ dgtftf] jf tftf]
kfgLn] @) ;]s]G8 ldlrldlr xft w'g'k5{ .
;fa'g gnufpg] xf] eg] xft :jR5
/fVg] 3f]n klg k|of]u u/]/ xft ;kmf
/flvG5 . Oyfgf]n (Ethanol) ld;fOPsf]
o:tf] 3f]nnfO{ :oflg6fOh/ (Hand Sani-
tizer) elgG5 .
dflg;nfO{ /f]u nfU5 . sf]xL b'3{6gfdf
klg k5{g . o:t} sf/0fx?af6 dflg;sf]
hLjg ;dfKt x'G5 . of] ;+;f/e/s} s'/f
xf] . t/ cd]l/sfdf dflg;sf] d[To'sf
k|d'v sf/0fx? s] xf]nfg <
;]G6;{ km/ l8lhh sG6«f]n PG8
lk|e]G;g (Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, CDC) sf cg';f/ cd]l/sfdf
dflg;sf] d[To'sf k|d'v !% sf/0fx?
o:tf 5g M
)!= d'6' /f]u (Heart disease)
)@= SofG;/ (Cancer)
)#= Zjf;–k|Zjf;sf] Go'g bL3{/f]u
(Chronic lower respiratory diseases)
)$= dlit:sdf /ut k'¥ofpg] k|0ffnLsf]
;d:of÷3ft (Cerebrovascular dis-
ease/stroke)
)%= b'3{6gf (Accidents)
)^= a'9of}nLdf x'g] la;{g] /f]u (Alzheim-
er’s disease)
)&= dw'd]x (Diabetes)
d[To'sf k|d'v sf/0fx?
)*= g]lk|ml6;÷d[uf}nfsf] /f]u (Nephritis/
kidney disease)
)(= OGkm'oGhf÷lgdf]lgof (Influenza/Pneu-
monia)
!)= cfTdxTof (Suicide)
!!= ;]lK6;]ldof÷/utdf ljiffSttf (Septi-
cemia/blood poisoning)
!@= sn]hf]sf] bL3{/f]u / sn]hf]sf]
SofG;/ (Chronic liver disease and
cirrhosis)
!#= clws /Strfk (Hypertension)
!$= kfls{;G; /f]u (Parkinson’s disease)
!%= lgdf]gfOl6;÷kmf]S;f] ;'lGgg' (Pneu-
monitis/inflammation of lungs)
of] ;"rL ;g @)!) df ePsf d[To'nfO{
ljZn]if0f u/L tof/ kfl/Psf] xf] . o;
cjlwdf afnd[To'b/ 36]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .
;g @)!) df hGd]sf] cd]l/sfsf] afl;Gbf
&* bzdnj * jif{;Dd afFRg] cg'dfg
ul/Psf] 5 . d[To'sf k|d'v b'O{ sf/0fn]
s'n d[To'sf] cfwf ;+Vof cf]u6]sf 5g .
cdc.gov

4. ck|]ndf o:tf rf8–kj{ k/]sf 5g M
O:6/
ck|]n * tfl/vdf
cd]l/sfdf O:6/ (Easter)
k/]sf] 5 . O:6/ O;fO{ wdf{jnDaLsf] jflif{s
rf8 xf] . lh;; qmfO:6 (Jesus Christ) sf]
k'gh{Gd jf d[To'dflysf] ljhosf] v';LofnLdf
of] rf8 dgfOG5 . O:6/ cfOtaf/ k5{
eg] To;cl3sf] z'qmaf/ …u'8 k|mfO8]Ú (Good
Friday) k5{ . c08faf6 hLjg ;'? x'g]
ljZjf;df o; kj{df c08f /+ufOG5 .
k[YjL lbj;
ck|]n @@ df cd]l/sf;lxt ljZjsf
ljleGg d'n'sdf k[YjL lbj; (Earth Day)
dgfOG5 . jftfj/0f ;+/If0fsf nflu of]
lbj; dgfpg yflnPsf] xf] .
o;sf] ;'?jft cd]l/sfaf6 ePsf] xf] /
;g !(&) clk|n @@ df of] lbj; klxnf]k6s
dgfOPsf] lyof] .
Gyan Jyoti Kendra, 10 Ashley Dr, Manchester, NH 03103, Ph: 603 661 1039, Email : info@aksharica.com,
Website : www. aksharica.com, Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Co-ordinator : Tara Acharya, Managing Director : Sattan Acharya
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c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ sl/a # xhf/ zAb hfg] em08} k'U5 . To;}n] xfdLn]
tof/ kf/]sf] ;"rLsf tL zAbx¿ / zAbsf] g]kfnLdf cy{sf] t];|f] efu M
efu #
g]kfnL gofF jif{
c+u|]hL zAbM t];|f] ;"rL
k[i7 @ sf] pQ/
cd]l/sfsf] /fi6«lktf tyf
k|yd /fi6«klt hh{ jfl;+u6g
(George Washington) xf] .
cd]l/sL gful/ssf
d'Vo lhDd]jf/L
gful/s k/LIff (Civic Test_l;les 6]:6)
sf tof/ kfl/Psf] k':tsdf Ps ;o
k|Zg / pQ/ 5g . ;a} k|Zg–pQ/
c+u|]hLdf 5g . …cIfl/sfÚ oL k|Zgsf]
cy{ g]kfnLdf lb+b} cfPsf] 5 . o;k6s
cd]l/sL gful/stf kfPsf] JolStsf]
lhDd]jf/Laf/] Ps k|Zg–pQ/ M
!= cd]l/sfsf] gful/stf kfPsf] JolStsf]
Ps dfq lhDd]jf/L s] xf] < (What is one
responsibility that is only for United
States citizens?)
– à h'/Ldf ;]jf lbg'
-Goflos ;ldltsf] ;b:o
eP/ sfd ug'{ .
à cfd -/fli6«o÷;+3Lo ;/sf/sf]_
r'gfjdf dtbfg ug'{ .
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
-cd]l/sL gful/s b'O{ lhDd]jf/L–
x? M Goflos ;ldltdf a;]/ sfd ug'{ /
;+3Lo r'gfjdf dtbfg ug'{ xf] .
GofofwLznfO{ Gofo–;Dkfbg ug{
gful/sx? ;lDdlnt Pp6f ;ldlt
agfOG5, h;nfO{ c+u|]hLdf h'/L
elgG5 . of] ;ldlt;d]tsf] lg0f{on] ubf{
Gofo;]jf lgikIf x'G5 . To:t}
cd]l/sL gful/ssf] csf]{
lhDd]jf/L ;+3Lo r'gfjdf dtbfg ug'{
xf] . sfg'gn] dtbfg ug{ clgjfo{
ub}{g, t/ k|To]s k|hftGqsf nflu
dtbfg lgs} dxÎjk"0f{ x'G5 . dtbfg
u/]/ gful/sn] cfkm"nfO{ k|hftflGqs–
k|lqmofdf ;dfj]z u/fpF5g .
gful/sn] dtbfg u/]/ cfˆgf k|ltlglw
rog u5{g / k|ltlglwn] cfˆgf
dtbftfsf] rf;f]÷cfjZostf a'‰5g ._
n ;|f]t M Learn About the United
States : Quick Civics Lessons
for the Naturalization Test
g]kfnsf] gof“ jif{
ck|]nsf] !# tfl/vdf g]kfnsf] gofF jif{
@)^( z'? x'G5 . g]kfndf z'? x'g] of]
;+jtnfO{ ljqmd ;+jtsf ?kdf lrlgG5 .
O{ZjL ;+jt -;g_ eGbf %& jif{cl3
ef/t jif{df /fhf ljqmdflbTon]
rnfPsf] ljqmd ;+jtnfO{ lj=;+= !(^) df
/f0ff k|wfgdGqL rGb| zdz]/n] g]kfnL c88f
cbfntdf ;f}o{df; cg';f/sf] ljqmd ;+jt
dfq k|of]u ug]{ k/Dk/f a;fn] . To;kl5
j}zfv ! ut]nfO{ gj jif{sf ¿kdf dfGg
yflnof] .
dftftLy{ cf}+;L
ck|]n @! -@)^( ;fn j}zfv (_ df
dftftLy{ cf}+;L k/]sf] 5 . dftftLy{ cf}“;L
-dft[ cf}“;L_ jf j}zfv s[i0f cf}“;Ldf cfdfk|lt
>4f, elQm Pj+ ;Ddfg u/L dgfOG5 . dft[
cf}“;L, dft[–lbj;, dftf tLy]{ cf}“;L tyf
cfdfsf] d'v x]g]{ h:tf gfdn] dgfOg] o;
kj{df ;Gtfgn] cfdfnfO{ cfˆgf] uR5]cg';f/
:jflbi6 Jo~hg, sk8f, ;u'g / pkxf/
lbG5g . cfdf gx'g]n] cfdfsf] gfddf tk{0f,
>f4 tyf >4f~hln ck{0f u5{g .
• across : jf/, kf/, jf/kf/Ù cl3 .
• act : sfd, sd{, lqmof, P]g, sfg"g, sfd
ug{', sfo{ ug{'Ù clego ug{', kf/ nfpg'Ù
sfod d'sfod ug{'=.
• action : sfo{ sfdsfh, ultljlw .
• active : lqmofzLn, km'lt{nf], hNbf]aNbf],
hfFu/L, sd{, ;oTg, pBdL, ;lqmo .
• activist : sd{7 sfo{stf{Ù lqmofzLn .
• activity : sd{ Joj;fo, pBf]u, sfo{snfk,
sfdsfh, lqmofsnfk, rxnkxn, Jo:ttf,
laulauL, pBd, ultljlw .
• actor, actress : cleg]tf÷cleg]qL, v]nf8L,
kfq, clego ug]{ .
• actual : jf:tljs, v'b, oyfy{, lglZrt .
• adapt : ldnfpg', Joj:yf ug{', cg's"n
kfg{' .
• add : hf]8g', vfKg', yKg', a9fpg', vK6g',
ufF:g', vflkg' .
• addition : yk, a8L, of]u, ;+of]u, hf]8,
;+of]hg, ykyfk .
• address : k|jrg, kQf, yftynf], jtg,
JofVofg, 7]ufgf, 7x/ 7]ufg .
• adequate : k|z:t, sfkmL, k'Ug], s':t,
kof{K‍t, plrt, oyf]lrt, k'lu;/L cfPsf] .
• adjective : ljz]if0f .
• adjust : ;dfof]hg ug{, 7ofs vfg',
ldnfpg' -lx;fa_, l5dNg',
km5of{pg'÷km:of{pg' .
• administration : /fHo Joj:yf, /fHo
k|0ffnL, k|zf;g, zf;g k4lt, /fHo
k|aGw .
• admiration : >4f, cfb/, ;Ddfg,
u'0fufg, k|z+;f .
• admire : cfb/ ug{', cfb/n] x]g{', k|z+;f
ug{' .
-qmdzM_