Aksharica (अक्षरिका) is a Nepali Language Newsletter. Aksharica is made with a combination of two words “Akshar” and “America”. Akshar means “letter” in Nepali, thus goal of the Aksharica is to educate, inform, inspire, and empower the Nepali speaking community (Bhutanese and Nepalese) residing in America. Rajesh Koirala is working as an editor since it started on August 2010. This is 88th issue, published on October, 2016.

1. @)!^ cS6f]a/
jif{ & c+s **
o; c+sdf s] s] <
(What is inside ?)
à n" / o;sf] vf]k====================!
(Flu, and its shot)
à xnf]ljgdf s] e6ofOG5 <========$
(Immune system)
à rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb %$==========$
(Most common Eng. words 54)
x/]s lxpFbsf a]nf,
;fdfGotof cS6f]a/b]lv d]
dlxgfaLr OGˆn'PGhf ÷ ˆn"
(Influenza /Flu) ;+o'Qm /fHo
cd]l/sfsf ;a}h;f] 7fpFdf
km}nG5 . of] Ps k|sf/sf]
;?jf /f]u xf] .
ˆn" x'g] sf/0f OGˆn'PGhf
efO/; (Influenza Virus) xf], /
vf]Sbf, xflR5pF ubf{ tyf lgs}
glhlsFbf km}ng ;S5 .
h;nfO{ klg ˆn" x'g;S5,
t/ ˆn" x'g] hf]lvd aRrfx¿df
a9L x'G5 . o;sf nIf0fx¿
crfgs b]lvG5g / w]/}
lbg;Dd /xg ;S5g . tL
nIf0fx¿ o:tf 5gM
à Hj/f] / sfdh/f] cfpg'
à 3fF6L b'Vg'
à df+zk];L b'Vg'
ˆn"sf] vf]k nufpg] ;do
gfgLx¿ n"sf] al9 hf]lvddf
yk k[i7 @ df
cdc.gov

2. @
@)!^cS6f]a/,jif{&c+s**
Ω Ω
n"sf efO/;x¿ ;w}+
abln/xG5g . k|To]s jif{
n"sf] vf]k To; jif{
efO/;af6 x'g;Sg] w]/}
/f]uaf6 arfpg] u/L tof/
kfl/G5 .
Ω Ω
n"sf nIf0fx¿ c+u|]hLdf n]lvPsf] l;l8;Lsf] krL{
à ysfg dx;'; ug{'
à vf]sL nfUg'
à 6fpsf] b'Vg'
à l;Fufg aUg' jf ¿3fn] gfs
aGb x'g'
l;ls:t kfg{ ;S5
ˆn"n] s;}–s;}nfO{ eg] a9L
l;ls:t kf5{ . To:tf dflg;df
;fgf gfgLx¿, ^% jf ;f]
eGbf a9L pd]/sf JolQmx¿,
ue{jtLx¿, tyf d'6', sn]hf] jf
d[uf}nfsf /f]uLsf ;fy} k|lt/Iff
k|0ffnL sdhf]/L h:tf :jf:Yo
cj:yfsf dflg;x¿ k5{g .
ˆn"sf] vf]k To:tf dflg;x¿,
pgLx¿sf] lgs6 ;Dks{df
cfpg] hf]sf]xLsf nflu ljz]if
dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 .
ˆn"af6 lgdf]lgof (Pneu-
monia) x'g;S5, / o;n]
dflg;sf] :jf:Yo cj:yf emg
laufg{ ;S5 . a]yfn] Rofk]kl5
aRrfx¿nfO{ kvfnf nfUg] /
d'5f{ kfg{;S5 .
cd]l/sfdf x/]s jif{ ˆn"sf
sf/0f xhf/f}+ dflg;sf] d[To'
x'G5, / cem a9L c:ktfn
egf{ x'G5g .
ˆn"sf] vf]k ˆn" / o;sf]
hl6ntfaf6 ;+/If0f ug]{
pknAw ;jf]{Ts[i6 ;'/Iff pkfo
xf] . ˆn" vf]kn] Ps JolQmaf6
csf]{ JolQmdf ˆn" ;g{ glbg
klg ;xfotf u5{ .
ˆn"sf vf]k
OGˆn'PGhf -ˆn"_ sf vf]k @
k|sf/sf x'G5gM
klxnf] ;'O{ xf] . of] lgl:qmo
ˆn" (inactivated flu ) sf]
vf]k xf] . olb tkfO{+ lgl:qmo
ˆn" vf]k lnO/xg' ePsf] 5,
h;df s'g} hLljt OGˆn'PGhf
efO/; x'Fb}g . o;nfO{ ;'O{
ePsf] OGh]S;gaf6 lbOG5, /
o;nfO{ af]nLrfnLdf …ˆn" ;6Ú
(Flu shot) elgG5 .
csf]{ leGg}, hLljt, b'a{n
-sdhf]/ ePsf]_ OGˆn'PGhf
vf]knfO{ gfssf kf]/fx¿df
l;sf{ (spray) lbOG5 .
ˆn" vf]k k|To]s jif{ nufpg
;'emfj lbOG5 . 5 dlxgfb]lv
* jif{;Ddsf aRrfx¿n] vf]k
lnPsf] klxnf] jif{ o;sf] b'O{
v'/fs (dose) lng'k5{ .
ˆn"sf efO/;
ˆn"sf efO/;x¿ ;w}+ abln–
/xG5g . k|To]s jif{ ˆn"sf]
vf]k To; jif{ efO/;af6
x'g;Sg] w]/} /f]uaf6 arfpg]
u/L tof/ kfl/G5 . ˆn"
vf]kn] ˆn"sf ;a} ladf/x¿af6
arfpg g;Sg] eP klg of]
xfd|f] /f]u lj?4sf] /fd|f]
k|lt/Iff pkfo 5 .
lgliqmo ˆn"sf] vf]kn] # jf
$ leGgfleGg} OGˆn'PGhf
efO/;x¿af6 /Iff u5{ .
;'/Iff ljsf; x'g vf]k nufP
kl5sf] sl/a @ ;ftf nfU5,
/ ;'/Iff w]/} dlxgfb]lv Ps
jif{;Dd k|efjsf/L /xG5 .
OGˆn'PGhf efO/;sf sf/0f
gx'g] s]xL ladf/x¿nfO{ cS;/
ˆn" xf] egL 7fGg] uNtL
ul/G5 . ˆn" vf]kn] o:tf
ladf/x¿af6 arfpFb}g . o;n]
OGˆn'PGhfaf6 dfq /Iff u5{ .
^% jif{ jf ;f]eGbf a9Lsf
JolQmx¿sf nflu …pRr–
v'/fsÚ (High dose) sf] ˆn"
vf]k pknAw 5 . tkfO{+nfO{
vf]k lbg] JolQmn] o;af/] a9L
hfgsf/L lbg ;S5g .
s;n] vf]k gnufP x'G5
tkfO{+nfO{ vf]k lbg] JolQmnfO{
eGg'xf];M
à olb tkfO{+nfO{ s'g} uDeL/
-Hofg hf]lvddf kfg]{_
PnhL{x¿ 5g . olb tkfO{+
ˆn"sf] vf]k lnPkl5 To;sf]
k|efjsf sf/0f Hofg
hf]lvddf kg]{ cj:yfdf
k'u]sf] 36gf, jf of] vf]ksf]
s'g} c+zdf uDeL/ PnhL{
ePsf] eP, tkfO{+nfO{ o;sf]
v'/fs glng] ;'emfj lbg
;lsG5 . w]/}h;f], t/ ;a}
xf]Og, vfnsf ˆn"sf
vf]kdf yf]/} dfqfdf c08fsf]
c+z x'G5 .
à olb tkfO{+nfO{ slxNo} ufofF–
af/] l;G8«f]d (Guillain-Barré
Syndrome) b]lvPsf] lyof]
-uDeL/ vfnsf] kIf3ft
ladf/, h;nfO{ lhlaP;
(GBS) klg elgG5_ .
klxn] lhlaP; b]lvPsf
s]xL dflg;n] of]
vf]k nufpg' x'Fb}g . o;af/]
tkfO{+sf lrlsT;s;Fu
;Nnfx ug{'k5{ .
à olb tkfO{+n] la;Grf] dx;';
ug{'ePsf] 5 . pgLx¿n]
yk k[i7 # df
cdc.gov

3. #@)!^cS6f]a/,jif{&c+s**
tkfO{+nfO{ ;Grf] gx'Gh]n
kv{g] ;'emfj lbg
;S5g . t/ tkfO{+n] vf]
ksf nflu kl5 cfpg'k5{ .
vf]ksf hf]lvdx¿
cf}ifwLsf] h:t} vf]ksf klg
b'ik|efj x'g] ;+efjgf x'G5g .
tL ;fdfGotof ;fdfGo vfnsf
x'G5g / cfkm}+ x/fP/ hfG5g .
o;sf uDeL/ b'ik|efj klg
x'g ;S5g, t/ tL w]/} b'n{e
x'G5g . lgliqmo ˆn"sf] vf]kdf
hLljt ˆn" efO/; x'Fb}gg,
To;}n] o; vf]kaf6 ˆn" x'g
;Sg] ;+efjgf x'Fb}g .
vf]knufot s'g} lrlsT;lso
ljlwkl5 /Qmrfk sd ePsf
sf/0f ;fdfGo a]xf]; / o;;Fu
;DalGwt nIf0fx¿ -h:tf]M
z/L/ sfDg]_ x'g ;S5g .
vf]kkl5 !% ldg]6
cf/fd ug{ a:gfn] jf 9Nsgfn]
n8]/ a]xf]; / 3fOt] x'gaf6
aRg d2t k'Ug ;S5 . olb
l/ª6f nfUof], 6fpsf] l/Ëofof]
jf sfg aHof] eg] cfˆgf
lrlsT;snfO{ eGg'xf]; .
vf]kkl5 # vfn] ;d:of
lgl:qmo ˆn" vf]kkl5 b]lvg]
;fdfGo vfnsf ;d:ofx¿M
à vf]k nufPsf 7fpFdf b'Vg',
/ftf] x'g', jf ;'lGgg'
à :j/ efl;g', cfFvf b'Vg',
cfFvf /ftf] x'g' jf
lrnfpg', vf]sL nfUg'
à Hj/f]
à b'vfO ÷6fpsf] b'Vg]
à lrnfpg]
à ysfg
olb oL ;d:of b]lvG5g eg]
tL vf]k nufPnuQ} z'¿ x'G5g
/ !÷@ lbgdf x/fpF5g .
lgl:qmo ˆn" vf]kkl5 b]lvg]
dWod vfn ;d:ofx¿M
à ;fgf gfgLx¿, h;n] Ps}
k6s lgliqmo ˆn"sf]
vf]k / Go'df]sf]snsf]
vf]k (Pneumococcal vac-
cines) lnG5g eg]
pgLx¿ Hj/f]sf sf/0f
d'R5f{ kg{ ;Sg] a9L
hf]lvddf x'g ;S5g .
o;af/] a9L hfgsf/Lsf
nflu lrlsT;snfO{
;f]Wg'xf]; . olb s'g} aRrf,
vf]k nufO/x]sf] 5, p
d'R5f{ k/]sf] 36gf eP,
lrlsT;snfO{ eGg'xf]; .
lgl:qmo ˆn" vf]kkl5 b]lvg]
uDeL/ vfn ;d:ofx¿M
à vf]k -sl/a !) nfv
v'/fsdWo] PseGbf sddf_
nufPkl5 PnhL{sf uDeL/
c;/ b]lvg ;S5 .
à vf]k nufPsf bz nfv
dflg;dWo] ! jf @ df
ga9g] u/L lgliqmo ˆn"
vf]k / ufofF–af/] l;G8«f]d
aLr Psfk;df ;DalGwt
x'g] Go'g ;+efjgf x'g–
;S5 . of] ˆn"af6 x'g]
uDeL/ hl6ntfsf hf]lvd–
eGbf w]/} sd xf], h;nfO{
ˆn"sf] c? vf]kaf6
/f]syfd ug{ ;lsG5 .
s] klg b]lvg;S5<
à PnhL{sf uDeL/ c;/, w]/}
pRr Hj/f], jf cfgLafgL
kl/jt{gh:tf nIf0fx¿
h:tf tkfO{+nfO{ lrGtf /
rf;f] x'g] s]xL ljifo .
à PnhL{sf uDeL/ c;/sf
nIf0fx¿df vl6/f, cg'xf/
/ 3fF6L ;'lGgg], ;f;
km]g{ ufx|f] x'g], d'6'sf]
w8sg a9g', l/+u6f nfUg'
/ sdhf]/L cflb k5{g .
o:tf nIf0f vf]k nufPsf]
s]xL ldg]6df z'¿ x'G5g /
s]xL 3G6f;Dd b]lvG5g .
d}n] s] ug]{<
à olb tkfO{+nfO{ of] ;d:of
s'g{ g;lsg] PnhL{sf
uDeL/ b'ik|efj jf cGo
cfsl:ds nfU5 eg] (!!
df kmf]g ug{', s;}nfO{ lnP/
glhs}sf] c:ktfn hfg'
jf cfˆgf] 8fS6/nfO{ kmf]g
ug{'xf]; .
à vf]ksf] k|lts"ntf;DaGwL
k|0ffnL EoflS;g P8e;{
Oe]G6 l/kf]l6{ª l;:6d
(Vaccine Adverse Event
Reporting System;
VAERS) df b'ik|efjsf]
hfgsf/L lbg'k5{ .
tkfO{+sf lrlsT;sn], jf
lePOcf/P;sf]
j]a;fO6 www.vaers.hhs.
gov dfkm{t cfkm}+n] jf
!=*))=*@@=&(^& df
kmf]g u/]/ ph'/L btf{ ug{
;Sg'x'G5 .
Ω Ω
n"sf] vf]k n" / o;sf]
hl6ntfaf6 ;+/If0f
ug]{ pknAw ;jf]{Ts[i6
;'/Iff pkfo xf] . n"
vf]kn] Ps JolQmaf6 csf]{
JolQmdf n" ;g{ glbg klg
;xfotf u5{ .
Ω Ω
cdc.gov

4. $
@)!^cS6f]a/,jif{&c+s**
la6 dfbf{dfb}{
lgoldt ;do–tflnsf
lbgsf lbg ug]{ sfd h:tf]
cd]l/sfdf ˆn"sf] vf]k jif{sf]
?l6g k5{ . o;sf] rrf{ lgs}
x'g] u5{ . pkrf/ b'O{ vfn]
x'G5gM /f]u nfUg} glbg] /
nfu]kl5 lgsf] kfg]{ . ˆn"sf]
d'Vo vf]k rfxL /f]syfdd'ns
pkrf/ xf] . o;af/] oxfF yf]/}
hfgsf/L lbg] k|of; ul/Psf]
5 . xfdLn] o;af/] o;cl3 ;g
@)!# km]a|'c/L !% df klg rrf{
u/]sf lyof}+ .
cS6f]a/ #! xnf]ljgdf
gfgLx¿n] s] e6ofpF5g <
o;af/] hfgsf/L;lxt c+u|]hL
zAbsf] lgoldt :tDe .
wGojfb
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Advisors : Doug Hall, Sattan Acharya, Tara Acharya, Tika Acharya, and Bhagirath Khatiwada
Bhutanese Community of New Hampshire, 510 Chestnut Street, Manchester, NH 03101, Email: aksharica.communication@gmail.com
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 54
c+u|]hLdf ;fwf/0f af]nrfn ug{ rflxg] sl/a # xhf/ zAbdWo]af6 rjGgf}+ ;"rL -efu %$_
• could:
lqmof– ;Sg', ug{;Sg] x'g',
ug{;Sy]+ -;+efjgf hgfpg]_ .
• council:
gfd– kl/ifb, ;ef, ;Nnfx,
dxf;ef, ;ldlt, k/fdz{ ;ef .
ljz]if0f– ;/sf/L, kl/ifbsf] .
• count:
lqmof– uGg', ck]Iff ug'{, Vofn
ug'{, -c+ssf]_ lx;fa /fVg',
dfGg', ;Demg', dfg /fVg',
e/kg'{, ;f]Rg' .
gfd– u0fgf, yfguGtL, lugtL
-uGtL_, ;+Vof, tfobfb,
;Ddfg;'rs kbjL .
ljz]if0f– ulgPsf], lugtL -uGtL_
ePsf] .
• counter:
lqmof– lj/f]w ug{', ;fdgf ug{',
s'/f sf6g', k|ltsf/ ug'{,
v08g ug'{, k|Îo'Q/ lbg',
k|Tofqmd0f ug'{ .
gfd– u0fs, rSsL, -v]ndf_
gfd– hf]8f= b'O{, aGwg, o'Ud,
o'Uds bDklt, hf]O{kf]O, nf]Ug]–
:jf:gL, o'un, j/–jw' .
• courage:
gfd– ;fx;, Xofp, ;ftf], 9f8;,
k'¿iffy{, tfp, x'tL, jL/tf, cfF6,
lxDdt, lxSdt, ;"/, emf]+s, gLr,
hfFu/, pT;fx, lge{otf, k/fqmd,
k|tfk, xf};nf, w}o{ .
• course:
lqmof– aUg', nv]6g' -lzsf/_,
kf/ ug'{, k5ofpg', rfF8f] lxF8g',
kl5kl5 bf}8g', bf}8g' .
gfd– ;|f]t, kf7oqmd, qmd, ky,
l;nl;nf, ult, dfu{, qmd;Fu
cfpg] kl/sf/, k|ult, k|jfx,
rfFhf] -ef]hgdf_, d}bfg, af6f],
>]0fL, :t/, z[+vnf, rfn rng,
cjlw, hLjgz}nL, sfo{k|0ffnL,
sfo{jfxL, qmd, hndfu{, tx,
lbzf, bf}8, lgod .
lqmof–ljZn]if0f– cjZo .
qmdzM
xnf]ljgdf s] e6ofOG5 <
cS6f]a/ #! df cd]l/sfdf
xnf]ljg (Halloween) dgfOG5 .
gfgLx? 3/–3/ cfP/ vfg]s'/f
dfUg Pp6f uLt e6ofpF5g .
pgLx?n] pSt lut 5f]6f]
ufpF5g, h;sf] Pp6f ?k
o:tf] 5M
Trick or treat?
Trick or treat?
Give me something
good to eat.
Apples, peaches, tangerines.
Happy Happy Halloween.
à à à à
Trick or treat?
Trick or treat?
Give me something
sweet to eat.
Cookies, chocolate, jelly beans.
Happy Happy Halloween.
à à à à
Trick or treat?
Trick or treat?
Give me something sour to eat.
Lemons, grapefruits, limes so green.
Happy Happy Halloween.
à à à à
Trick or treat?
Trick or treat?
Give me something good to eat.
Nuts and candy. Lollipops.
Now it’s time for us to stop.
uf]6L, -k;nsf]_ tvtf, kmNofs,
cfª, kmns, k|Îo'Q/, lj/f]w,
u0fgf ug]{ oGq, k|Tofqmd0f .
ljz]if0f– pN6f]k§L, lj/f]wL,
ljd'v, ;fd'Gg], u0fs, lj?4 .
• country:
gfd– b]z, b]xft, ufpFIf]q, sfF7,
k|b]z, lhNnf, d'n's, l/of;t,
ufpF, u|fd, hGde"ld, e"–efu,
dft[e"ld, d'n's, /fi6« .
ljz]if0f– u|fdL0f, b]zL, b]zLo,
b]xftL, nf]s .
• countryside:
gfd– b]xft, ufpFIf]q, b'u{d,
zx/aflx/sf] If]q .
• county:
gfd– sfpG6L -cd]l/sfdf #
xhf/eGbf a9L sfpG6L 5g_,
k|b]z, k|fGt, lhNnf .
• couple:
lqmof– afFWg', hf]g{', hf]ulN6g',
hf]8g', ljjfx ug{', cg'of]hg ug{',
hf]lN6g', ;Def]u ug'{ .
Rajesh