Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx which can lead to loss of voice. Symptoms are worse at night. In early stages, there is redness of structures like the epiglottis and vocal cords. Later, swelling increases and vocal cords become red and swollen with fluid seen between cords. Treatment includes vocal rest, avoiding smoking/alcohol, steam inhalation, cough suppressants, antibiotics, and steroids. Croup is an inflammatory condition of the larynx and trachea mostly caused by viruses in children aged 6 months to 3 years, causing swelling in the subglottic region and obstructing the airway.

3.  Laryngitis is an

4. which may
lead to complete loss of voice.
which is
worse at night

5.  In early stage there is
of epiglottis,
aryepiglottic folds,arytenoids and
ventricular bands.
 Later
increase and vocal cords also
become red and swollen.
are seen
between cords and interarytenoid
region.
 In case of vocal abuse
are seen in vocal
cords

6. Vocal rest
Avoidance of smoking and alcohol
Steam inhalation: with oil of eucalyptus or pine
Cough sedatives
Antibiotics and steroids.

7.  It is an condition
confined to supraglottic structures
 There is marked of these
structures which may obstruct the airway

8. is the most
common organism responsible
 Sore throat
 Dysphagia
 Dyspnoea and stridor
 Fever upto 40 degree Celsius which is
due to septicemia

9.  Depressing the
tongue with a
tongue depressor
may show
may
show edema and
Congestion of
structure
Swollen
epiglottis
Normal
epiglottis

10.  Lateral soft tissue
X Ray of Neck
Shows
i.e
Lateral X Ray of Epiglottis showing
Swollen Epiglottis.this is also
Known as Thumb sign

11. Antibiotics: ampicillin or third generation cephalosporin
Steroids:hydrocortisone or dexamethasone i.m or I.V. these
are used to relieve edema
Adequate hydration
Humidification and oxygen:
Intubation or tracheostomy: to relieve respiratory
obstruction.

12.  It is an inflammatory condition of
:mostly it is a viral infection
( affecting children
between age 6 months and 3 years
: the loose areolar tissue in subglottic
region swells up and causes

13. and
of 39-40
degree celsius
 Inspiratory type
of
Airway
becomes
inflamed
Mucus
builds up

14. Antibiotics: ampicillin 50 mg/kg/day
Steroids:hydrocortisone or dexamethasone i.m or I.V.
these are used to relieve edema
Adrenaline :to relieve dyspnoea and to cause
bronchodilation
Humidification :to soften crusts and tenacious secretions
Intubation or tracheostomy: to relieve respiratory
obstruction.