The document outlines project management as a systematic approach to planning, executing, and controlling projects to achieve specific goals within constraints such as scope, time, and budget. It describes the project life cycle, which includes phases of conception, definition, planning, implementation, and clean-up, detailing key activities and functions required in each phase. Additionally, it highlights the roles of a project manager and measures of project success and failure.

1. Project Management

2. What is a Project?
 It is a group of unique, inter-related activities that
are planned and executed in a certain sequence to
create a unique product and services within a
specific time frame, scope and budget.
 The Project Management Institute (U.S.A.) has
defined project as,
‘’a combination of human and non - human
resources, pooled together in a temporary
organization to achieve a specific purpose’’.

3. What is Project Management?
• Project management is a system of procedures, practices,
technologies and know-how that enables the planning,
organizing, staffing, directing and controlling necessary
to successfully manage a project.
• The primary challenge of project management is to
achieve all of the project goals and objectives while
honoring the preconceived constraints.
• Typical constraints are scope, time and budget. The
secondary—and more ambitious—challenge is
to optimize the allocation and integrate the inputs
necessary to meet pre-defined objectives.

4. Project Manager:
• A project manager is the person responsible for
supervising a systems project from initiation to
conclusion.

5. Project characteristics:
 Objective
 Unique activities
 Attainment of specific goal
 Specified time
 Interrelated activities
 Life-cycle
 Sequences of activities

6. Project Parameters:
 Scope
 Quality
 Time
 Cost
 Resources

7. Functions of Project
Management:
• Scoping – setting the boundaries of the project
• Planning – identifying the tasks required to complete
the project
• Estimating – identifying resources required to complete
the project
• Scheduling – developing a plan to complete the project
• Organizing – making sure members understand their
roles and responsibilities

8. Functions of Project
Management:
• Directing – coordinating the project
• Controlling – monitoring progress
• Closing – assessing success and failure

9. Measures of project success:
The resulting information system is acceptable
to the customers (e.g. users, managers).
 The system was delivered ‚on time.‛
 The system was delivered ‚within budget.‛

10. Measures of project failure:
 Failure to establish upper-management
commitment to the project
 Lack of organization’s commitment to the
methodology
 Taking shortcuts through or around the
methodology
 Poor Project management:
Feature creep
Scope creep

11. Project Life Cycle

12. What is Project Life Cycle?
• The attention that a project receives isn’t uniformly
distributed throughout its life span but varies from
phase to phase.
• Most projects pass through the following five phases,
which tend to overlap at times:
Conceptio Definition Planning
Implementatio
Clean up
n n

13. Significance of Project Life
Cycle:
It defines:
The phases of the project (time)
The work performed in each phase (work)
The input and output of each phase (result)
The milestone of each phase (end sign)

14. Project Life Cycle – Timeline:

15. Conception/Initiation Phase:
• Conception is the phase during which the project
idea finds genesis and germinates, out of:
 the need to solve a problem,
 the observance of one’s environment,
 the drive to innovate something new.
• This phase is essential and if flawed, it may lead to
defective and dysfunctional projects.
• A well conceived project goes a long way towards
successful implementation and operation.

16. Definition Phase:
• The definition phase of the project involves
developing the idea generated during Conception
phase.
• It produces a document describing the project in
sufficient detail, covering all necessary aspects
like the manpower, materials, machinery, layout,
utilities and feasibility.
• It clears most of the ambiguities and
uncertainties about the formation made in the
previous phase.

17. Planning Phase:
• This phase starts almost immediately after the
conception phase and overlaps with both
definition and implementation phases.
• This phase involves the preparation for the
project to take – off smoothly and effects many
decisions related to the ‘project basics’.
• It involves both Core planning and facilitating
planning.

18. Core Planning:
Scope Definition
Activity Definition
Activity Sequencing
Activity Duration Estimating
Schedule Development
Resource Planning
Cost Estimating
Cost Budgeting
Project Plan Development

19. Facilitating Planning:
Quality Planning
Organizational Planning
Staff Acquisition
Communications Planning

20. Implementation Phase:
• This phase is a period of ‘’hectic activity’’. During this
period, the idea starts materializing physically and
tangibly and for the first time, the project can be seen off
the paper.
• Usually, 80-85 percent of the project work is done in this
phase using all techniques of project management.
• The various sub – phases of this phase, which often
overlap, are as following:
Commissioni
Engineering Procurement Construction
ng

21. Implementation Phase: (Contd)
 Project Plan Execution
 Complete Work Packages
 Information Distribution
 Scope Verification
 Quality Assurance Team Development
 Progress Meetings
 Information Distribution
 Source Selection
 Contract Administration

22. Controlling:
• Controls are performed to regularly measure
project performance, to adjust project plans and
take preventive actions in anticipation of
possible problems.

23. Clean – up/Termination
Phase:
• This is the transition phase in which the project is
handed over to the operators and/or agencies
responsible for maintaining it.
• This phase is a clean – up task in which all project
accounts are closed, Outstanding payments are
settled and dues are collected.
• All previous phases involve compartmentalized
disposition of the project personnel and that task
is winded - down in this phase.

24. Clean – up Phase: (Contd)
• Administrative Closure – generating necessary
information to formally recognize phase or project
completion.
• Contract Close-out – completion and delivery of
project deliverables and resolving open issues. It
includes:
Purchase Audits
Product Verification
Formal Acceptance
Lessons Learnt
Update of Records
Archives of Records
Releasing the Project Team

25. Synopsis:

27. Presented By:
PGDBM
– Sec ‘A’

28. Queries: