Basics of dc motors
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1) DC motors work by using electromagnetic induction principles to generate torque from the interaction between a fixed magnetic field and a current-carrying conductor. 2) The direction of rotation is determined by Fleming's Left Hand Rule and depends on the direction of current flow and the orientation of the fixed magnetic field. 3) Back EMF is induced that opposes the applied voltage and is proportional to motor speed. The back EMF and internal resistance determine the motor's input-output power relationship.
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Dc machines ppt
A DC generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction. It consists of a magnetic frame, field poles, an armature, and a commutator. The armature rotates under the poles, cutting the magnetic flux and inducing an EMF. The commutator converts the alternating EMF into a pulsating DC voltage. DC generators are classified as separately excited, self-excited (series, shunt, compound), depending on how the field is connected. A DC motor operates on the principle that a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field experiences a torque. It consists of an armature, field poles, a commutator, and brushes. The back EMF opposes the applied voltage
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Dc motor
1. A DC motor runs on direct current electricity. It has a field winding that produces a magnetic field when energized, and an armature winding that rotates when placed in this magnetic field.
2. The key parts of a DC motor include the yoke, poles, field winding, armature core, armature winding, commutator, and brushes. The field winding produces flux, and the rotation of the armature winding within this flux induces voltage that is used to power the load.
3. DC motors can be shunt wound, series wound, or compound wound depending on how the field and armature windings are connected. Shunt and series motors have different torque-speed characteristics due
Dcmotor
The document discusses the basics of DC motors and generators. It covers topics like:
- The operating principles of DC machines and how they work as motors and generators.
- Fleming's left and right hand rules for determining the direction of motion, induced voltage, and magnetic fields.
- Components of DC machines like the armature, commutator, field windings.
- How armature reaction affects the magnetic field and how it can be minimized.
- Deriving equations for the induced voltage and electromagnetic torque in DC machines.
- Characteristics and speed control methods for separately excited, series, and shunt DC motors.
Dcmotor
The document discusses the basics of DC motors and generators. It covers topics like:
- The operating principles of DC machines and how they work as motors and generators.
- Fleming's left and right hand rules for determining the direction of motion, induced voltage, and magnetic fields.
- Components of DC machines like the armature, field coils, commutators, and different winding configurations.
- How voltage, current, torque, speed and power are related in DC motors and generators based on the magnetic flux and field excitation.
- Different types of DC machines like separately excited, shunt, series and compound motors/generators.
- Speed control methods and torque-speed characteristics of DC
Dcmotor
The document discusses the basics of DC motors and generators. It covers topics like:
- The operating principles of DC machines and how they work as motors and generators.
- Fleming's left and right hand rules for determining the direction of motion, induced voltage, and magnetic fields.
- Components of DC machines like the armature, field coils, commutators, and different winding configurations.
- How torque, speed, input power, and output power are related in DC motors and generators.
- Characteristics and speed control methods for separately excited, series, and shunt DC machines.
- Losses that occur in DC machines and examples of calculations related to voltage, current, torque
electric motor description
The document discusses direct current (DC) machines, including their basic components and operating principles. It describes how a DC motor works using Fleming's left hand rule to explain how a magnetic field and current produce motion. It also explains how a DC generator works using Fleming's right hand rule to show how motion in a magnetic field produces induced voltage. The document covers topics such as armature windings, commutation, torque and voltage equations, and the characteristics of separately excited, shunt, and series DC machines.
stepper motor by samiullah shaikh
Stepper motors move the rotor in discrete angular steps in response to pulses of current applied to the motor coils. A variable-reluctance stepper motor has a toothed rotor and stator that interact to change the magnetic circuit reluctance as the rotor rotates. The rotor aligns its teeth with the stator teeth when each phase of coils is energized, stepping the rotor forward by the step angle. A typical driver circuit uses a counter, decoder, and electronic switches to sequentially energize the phases and control the stepping direction of the rotor.
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二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
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◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
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2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
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授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
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一.毕业证【微bwp0011】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】外观非常简单，由纸质材料制成，上面印有校徽、校名、毕业生姓名、专业等信息。
办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】格式相对统一，各专业都有相应的模板。通常包括以下部分：
校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】价值很高，需要妥善保管。一般来说，应放置在安全、干燥、防潮的地方，避免长时间暴露在阳光下。如需使用，最好使用复印件而不是原件，以免丢失。
综上所述，办理(爱大毕业证书)爱荷华大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
Gas agency management system project report.pdf
The project entitled "Gas Agency" is done to make the manual process easier by making it a computerized system for billing and maintaining stock. The Gas Agencies get the order request through phone calls or by personal from their customers and deliver the gas cylinders to their address based on their demand and previous delivery date. This process is made computerized and the customer's name, address and stock details are stored in a database. Based on this the billing for a customer is made simple and easier, since a customer order for gas can be accepted only after completing a certain period from the previous delivery. This can be calculated and billed easily through this. There are two types of delivery like domestic purpose use delivery and commercial purpose use delivery. The bill rate and capacity differs for both. This can be easily maintained and charged accordingly.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAM
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
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Basics of dc motors
- 1. Basics of DC Motors HIMANSU JHA
- 2. Induced Magnetic Field (Due to current) Fixed Magnetic Field Force A Conductor in a Fixed Magnetic Field A Current Carrying Conductor in a Fixed Magnetic Field Electromagnetic drag
- 5. Fleming's Left Hand (Motor) Rule N S Direction of Rotation Fixed Magnetic Field Direction Conventional Current Direction
- 6. N S N S Use the Left Hand Rule to Determine the Rotation Direction of the Armatures in A and B Notice that when the current through the armature is reversed, it moves (Rotates) in the opposite direction A B Hint: You will have to turn your left hand upside down for example A
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- 8. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE BACK E.M.F.: • Back emf Eb = (ΦZN/60) x (P/A) • VOLTAGE EQUATION: • V = Eb + IaRa • Power equation • V Ia = Eb Ia + Ia2Ra • Eb Ia = Electrical equivalent of mechanical power Pm developed in the armature • Ia2Ra = Copper loss in the armature.
- 9. TORQUE The turning twisting moment of force about an axis • Let Force is F Newton • r = Radius of shaft in meters • Then Torque T = F x r (Nm)
- 10. • Work done = Force x distance • Distance travelled by the shaft in 1 revolution = perimeter = 2 x x r • Work done by shaft in 1 rev = F x 2 x x r As F x r = T, Work done = F x 2 x x r = 2 T Speed = N rpm or 𝑁 60 rps. Or 60 𝑁 second for 1 revolution Power developed by shaft in 1 second = 2 T x 𝑁 60 J/s or Watts Horse power developed = 2NT 60 𝑥 746 HP Power developed by shaft
- 11. Torques in DC Motors • Gross torque / armature torque • Shaft torque • Lost torque • Power equation of a shaft = 2NT 60 J/s or Watts • Power equation of a shaft = 2NT 60 𝑥 746 HP
- 12. Armature torque(Ta) / Gross torque • Power equation of a shaft = 2NT 60 J/s or Watts • Power developed in armature = Eb Ia = 2NTa 60 Armature Torque Ta = Eb Ia x 60 2N = 9.55 Eb Ia N N-m
- 13. Shaft torque(Tsh) / Output torque • Power equation of a shaft = 2NT 60 𝑥 746 BHP BHP = 2NTsh 60 𝑥 746 •Shaft torque Tsh = 𝐵𝐻𝑃 𝑥 60 𝑥 746 2N
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