Synchronous motor_effect on load and field current change
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1) The document discusses the effects of load and field current changes on the internally generated voltage (EA), power factor (Pf), and armature current (IA) of a synchronous motor. 2) When the load increases, EA remains constant but IA increases to maintain constant real power (P). This causes the power factor angle (δ) to increase in the lagging power factor mode and decrease in the leading power factor mode. 3) Increasing the field current causes EA to increase while IA remains constant to maintain constant real power. This decreases the power factor angle in lagging mode and increases it in leading mode.
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Synchronous machines include synchronous generators and motors. Synchronous generators are the primary source of electrical power and rely on synchronous motors for industrial drives. There are two main types - salient-pole and cylindrical rotor machines. Synchronous generator operation is based on synchronizing the electrical frequency to the mechanical speed of rotation. The parameters of synchronous machines can be determined from open-circuit, short-circuit, and DC tests. Synchronous generators must be synchronized before connecting in parallel by matching their voltages, phase sequences, and frequencies.
Eet3082 binod kumar sahu lecture_38
This document discusses the operation of synchronous motors under varying conditions of excitation and load. It analyzes V-curves and inverted V-curves which show the relationship between excitation voltage and reactive power output. It also explains how increasing or decreasing excitation affects the motor's power factor and reactive power output. Additionally, it examines how increasing or decreasing the mechanical load impacts the motor's power factor, load angle, active power drawn, and reactive power supplied or drawn. Phasor diagrams are provided to illustrate these effects of varying excitation and load on the motor's operation.
Eet3082 binod kumar sahu lecture_37
This document summarizes key concepts about synchronous motors covered in a lecture:
1) When excitation is decreased, the synchronous motor draws reactive power from the source and operates at a lagging power factor. When excitation is increased, it supplies reactive power to the source and operates at a leading power factor.
2) Increasing or decreasing load torque does not change the active power input of a synchronous motor. It varies the load angle to maintain constant active power, causing it to operate at a lagging or leading power factor respectively.
3) Varying excitation under loaded conditions changes the back EMF and load angle while keeping the products of voltage-current and sine/cosine of angles constant, so active power
Lec # 02 speed of rotation & internal generated voltage
Lec # 02 speed of rotation & internal generated voltageMUET SZAB Campus Khairpur Mir's Sindh Pakistan
The document discusses the speed of rotation and internal generated voltage of a synchronous generator. It states that the electrical frequency produced is locked to the mechanical rate of rotation. The speed of rotation is related to the electrical frequency by a formula involving the number of pole pairs. For a 4-pole machine to generate 50Hz, the rotor must rotate at 1500rpm. The internal generated voltage is induced in the stator coils due to the rotating magnetic field of the rotor and can be calculated using formulas involving flux, frequency/speed, and the number of coil turns. A 3-phase set of coils produces a uniform rotating magnetic field and 3-phase set of voltages in the stator.DC GENERATOR
Here are the answers to the questions on DC generator characteristics:
1. The external characteristic gives the relation between terminal voltage and load current.
2. The three most important characteristics or curves of a DC generator are: the no-load saturation characteristic (E0/If), internal or total characteristic (E/Ia), and external characteristic (V/I).
3. Critical speed of a shunt generator means the speed for which the given shunt field resistance represents critical resistance.
4. One condition necessary for the build-up of a self-excited shunt generator is that there must be some residual magnetism in the generator poles.
5. Some other factors which affect the voltage building of
Eet3082 binod kumar sahu lecturer_19
1) The document discusses the effect of varying field excitation on two alternators sharing a load and an alternator connected to an infinite bus. It provides a numerical example of how the armature current, power factor, active power, and reactive power shared by two alternators changes when the field excitation of one alternator is adjusted. 2) An infinite bus is defined as a voltage source with zero impedance and infinite inertia that maintains a constant voltage and frequency regardless of load variations. When an alternator is connected to an infinite bus, any change in its field excitation will cause an armature current that helps regain synchronism. 3) For an alternator operating on an infinite bus, a change in field excitation will change the induced
Eet3082 binod kumar sahu lecturer_21
This document discusses the operation of a synchronous generator (alternator) connected to an infinite bus under loaded conditions. An infinite bus maintains constant voltage and frequency regardless of load variations. When an alternator is connected to an infinite bus, changes in its excitation will change the reactive power output while keeping the active power constant. If excitation increases, reactive power output becomes lagging and the alternator is overexcited. If excitation decreases, reactive power becomes leading and the alternator is underexcited. The document explains these concepts through voltage and phasor diagrams.
Types of dc generator
This document discusses different types of DC generators, including separately excited, self-excited, series, shunt, and compound generators. It provides details on how each type works, including the positioning of field coils and how current flows. Compound generators are described as having both series and shunt field windings to overcome disadvantages of series and shunt generators. Short shunt and long shunt compound generators are also explained in terms of how armature and field currents are calculated.
Synhronous motor equivalent circuit
1) The document describes the equivalent circuit model and power equations of a synchronous motor. It discusses how changes in shaft load, field excitation, and armature current affect the power angle, armature current, and power factor.
2) Increasing shaft load causes the power angle to increase and leads to a decrease in power factor. Increasing field excitation causes the power angle to decrease and can change the power factor from lagging to leading.
3) The document contains diagrams of the phasor relationships and how they change under different operating conditions, including under, normal, and over excitation levels.
4 the dc generator
This document discusses different types of DC generators, including separately excited, self-excited, shunt, series, and compound generators. It describes the characteristics of shunt generators, including their open circuit characteristics curve and how terminal voltage is affected by load current and armature reaction. The document also defines terms like rated voltage, voltage regulation, residual voltage, and critical resistance. Sample problems are included to demonstrate how to calculate generator voltage based on field current, speed, and load.
RGPV EX503 UNIT II
This document provides reading material on DC machines for electrical engineering students. It covers the basic principles of operation and torque equations for DC motors. It describes the operating characteristics such as speed-current, torque-current and speed-torque curves for shunt and series motors. It discusses starting methods such as 2-point, 3-point and 4-point starters. Methods of speed control including armature resistance, field flux and armature voltage control are explained. The document also covers losses, efficiency testing and applications of DC machines.
3 Classification of DC Machine (1).pptx
1. DC generators and motors are classified as separately excited, self excited, or compound based on how their field windings are connected.
2. Self excited generators have their field windings connected internally to the armature and can be series wound, shunt wound, or compound wound.
3. Shunt wound generators have high resistance field windings connected in parallel with the armature to provide stable output voltage.
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Synchronous motor_effect on load and field current change
- 1. Effect Of Load and Field Current Changes in Synchronous Motor Name :Mir Rafsan Student ID :1711013 Presentation -01
- 2. Objective: For Load and Field Current Changes We will see how Internally Generated Voltage (EA ) power factor (Pf) and Armature current (IA ) changes Synchronous motor are Synchronous machines used to convert electrical power to mechanical power
- 3. Effect Of Load Changes in Synchronous Motor: We know Internally Generated Voltage, E A =K ϕ ω ω and ϕ Constant So E A =Constant where ω =synchronous speed of Motor and ϕ =Flux V ϕ IA E A J IA X s δ θPhasor Diagram For lagging condition Phasor Diagram
- 4. Leading power factor Unity Power factorLagging Power Factor θ1 θ2 δ2 δ1 θ4 θ3 δ3 δ4 δ5 V ϕV ϕ V ϕ IA5 IA3 IA4 IA2 IA1 EA5 EA3 EA4 EA1 EA2 Load δ IA θ CosθLoad δ IA θ Cosθ Locus point
- 5. Effect Of load changes in Leading ,Unity and Lagging Power factor
- 6. Real Power Supply ∝ Load on synchronous Motor (As Load=Constant So P=Constant) p= 3 Vϕ E Sin δ Xs EA Sin∝=K P=√3 VICos θ IA Cos θ=k E=K ϕ ω ω=constant ϕ ∝ If E A ∝ If P=Real Power ϕ = Flux Effect on Field Current Changes:
- 7. If EA I A θ Cosθ If EA I A θ Cos θ V ϕ V ϕ V ϕ θ2θ1 θ4 θ3 IA4 IA3 IA1 IA2 IA5 E A1 E A2 E A3 E A4 E A5 Lagging PF Leading PF Unity PF IA Cos θ IA Cos θIA Cos θ E A Sinδ E A Sinδ E A Sinδ Figure:Effect on Field Current Changes
- 8. Effect of Field Current in Leading ,Unity and Lagging Power factor V curve Synchronous Motor
- 9. Thank You