This document discusses quality management tools including PDCA-CQI, DMAIC, and DMADV. PDCA-CQI refers to the plan-do-check-act cycle for continuous quality improvement. DMAIC is a five-phase process for improving processes, and DMADV is a five-phase process for designing products and processes. Seven basic quality tools are then defined: cause-and-effect diagrams, control charts, check sheets, histograms, Pareto charts, scatter diagrams, and flow charts. Management and planning tools are also briefly mentioned. The presentation aims to explain these tools to support complex decision making and continuous improvement efforts.

1. Presented on
“QUALITY DAY”
By
Dr. Aqeel Ahmed Khan
TQM-ACH

2. Steadily improving each person’s ability to:
 Recognize and define important problems P
 Solve them D
 Learn from problem solving C
 Share the learning with others A

4.  PDCA-CQI
 DMAIC
 DMADV

5. 5

6. • PDCA-CQI
• DMAIC
• DMADV
• CQI was originally developed by Walter Shewhart, and is
often referred to as the "Shewhart Cycle". It was taken up
and promoted effectively from the 1950s by the famous
Quality Management authorityW. Edwards Deming, and
is consequently known by many as "the Deming Wheel".

7. 7

8. PLAN
Plan carefully what is to be done
Phase 1 - Identify the Opportunity
Phase 2 - Analyze the Current Process
Phase 3 - Develop the Optimal Solution
DO
Carry out the plan
(do it)
Phase 4 - Implement Changes
CHECK
Check the Results.
Did the plan work as intended
or were the results different?
Phase 5 - Study the Results
ACT
Act on the results by identifying what
worked as planned and what didn't.
Phase 6 - Standardize the Solution
Phase 7 - Plan for the Future

9. • PDCA-CQI
• DMAIC(duh-may-ick)
• DMADV
DMAIC is an acronym for five (5) interconnected phases:
Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control. It refers
to a data-driven quality strategy for improving processes.

10. • PDCA-CQI
• DMAIC (duh-may-ick)
• DMADV
DMADV consists of five (5) interconnected phases: Define,
Measure, Analyze, Design andVerify. It is a data-driven quality
strategy for designing products and processes, It is also an
integral part of a Six Sigma Quality Initiative.

11. There are for the 7 BasicTools which we are going
to define.
Generally they can be subdivided into:
 mathematical statistical Tools
 logical tools
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12. The concept behind the seven basic tools came
from Kaoru Ishikawa, a renowned quality expert
from Japan.
According to Ishikawa, 95% of quality-related
problems can be resolved with these basic tools.

13. Basic Quality control tools
1. Cause and effect diagram
2. Control Charts
3. Check sheets
4. Histograms
5. Pareto charts
6. Scatter Diagram
7. Flow Charts
a. Deployment flow charts
b. Linear or activity flow charts

14. It’s a diagram that demonstrates
the relationship between Effects
and the categories of their causes
The Arrangement of the Diagram lets it look
like a fishbone it is therefore also called fish-
bone diagram
Its is used for RCA
14
effect
Cause bCause a
Cause dCause c

15.  Statistical tool, showing whether
A process is in control or not
 Taking samples of a process and detect
possibility of process being out of control
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Y
X
Upper limit
Lower limit
Average/Spec

16. A Histogram is a bar graph
usually used to present frequency data
Histograms provide an easy way to evaluate the
distribution of Data over different categories
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LSL USL

17. A Pareto Chart is a Histogram
Pareto Charts are used to apply the 80/20 rule of
Joseph Juran which states that 80% of the problems
are the result of 20% of the problems.
A Pareto Chart can be used to identify that 20%
route causes of problem.
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Type
X

18. ▪ Statistical tool showing a
trend in a series of values.
▪ Demonstrating correlations
between values and showing
trends for value changes.
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Y
X

19.  Way of representing a
Procedure using simple
symbols and arrows
A Flow chart lets a process or procedure be
understood easily it also demonstrate the
relationships between the elements.
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Input
Within
Spec?
Process Output
adjust
Yes
No

20. ▪ Run Charts are representing change
in measurement over a sequence or time
▪ Determining Cyclic Events and there
average character
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Time
Measurement

21. The essentials of this tool set for full support for
complex decision making, identifying key
issues and causes of persistent problems.
It will show the ways to involve teams for
continuous improvements, performance
analysis and problem solving.

22. Management and PlanningTools
1. Activity network diagram
2. Affinity Diagram
3. Interrelationship diagram
4. Prioritization matrix
5. Process decision Program chart
6.Tree diagram
7. Matrix Diagram

23.  Renewal of Policies & Procedures
 Activation of Committees
 Improvement projects by all departments
 Implementation of CBAHI standards
 Reconstruction of Strategic Plans
 Provision of guidance & supervision for
Quality ImprovementTasks
 Coordination & support to all departments
for all required works

24. THANK YOU