A presentation on the continuous improvement tool of total quality management, i.e. PDCA- Plan,Do,Check,Act. Covers the basics of PDCA to give an idea on it's need, use, methodology etc. The presentation will help the beginners gain knowledge about the PDCA cycle and will cover their basic needs on it.

1. PDCA Cycle
Presented by:
Vardhan A. Shah 181133120005
Ravi K. Chauhan 181133120001
Q.A.R.(2182003)
quality improvement
continuous cycle
constant change
standardization
widely applicable

3. PDCA Cycle Introduction
• PDCA cycle is also known as PDSA cycle or Deming Wheel or Shewhart cycle.
• PDCA is a continuous quality improvement model consisting of four repetitive
steps: Plan-Do-Check-Act.
• The origin of PDCA cycle can be traced back to the statistics expert Mr. Walter A.
Shewhart, in the 1920s, which was later modified as PDSA cycle by Williams
Edward Deming.
• The PDCA cycle is a model used for control and continuous improvement of the
processes and products.
• PDCA cycle is highly used by the modern industries for constantly monitoring and
changing their processes which affect the quality.

4. When PDCA can be used?
• Starting a new improvement project
• Defining a repetitive work process
• Implementing any change
• Developing a new or improved design of a process, product, or service
• Working toward continuous improvement

5. Four steps of PDCA
• PDCA equals to: Plan-Do-Check-Act which are the steps that are
continuously followed for quality improvement.
• These steps analyse a process, perform it, verify it with the plan and
obtain standardized results.
• All the four steps will be explained in detail in the following slides.

6. 1. Plan
• First, identify and understand the problem or the process where you want to
bring the change.
• Various objectives are established to deliver the desired results.
• All the available information is analysed which relate to the desired results.
• All these activities result into a well-defined plan or a framework to carry
out to achieve the goals of quality improvement.

7. 2. Do
• After identifying and preparing a plan for the desired objective, the testing
of the plan is carried out on a small scale.
• The objective of this step is to execute the plan with minimum disruption to
the actual operation.
• It follows the framework made in the first step and obtains some results
which are to be used in the next step.

8. 3. Check
• During this phase, the data and results gathered from the do phase are
evaluated.
• Primary objective is to compare the data with the expectations defined in
the plan phase.
• Whenever there is difference between results and expectations, the required
adjustments are identified and also the causes of the results from do phase.
• This short evaluation leads us to the next step where we assess the
deviations in outcomes of our new plan.

9. 4. Act
• The final step of PDCA cycle reflects upon the results of the earlier steps
and focuses on improving the data obtained.
• The issues identifies in earlier phases are dealt with in this phase.
• The necessary corrective actions are taken to obtain an improved process
than the original plan.
• After carrying out this phase, the PDCA cycle can be redefined and repeated
to perhaps obtain better results or a completely new framework.

10. Benefits of PDCA
• Minimum errors
• Standardized procedures
• Improved quality
• Optimized use of resources
• Enhanced performance

11. Features of PDCA
• The PDCA cycle is never-ending and continuously changes the plan and
processes to obtain the best results.
• Many times the personnel in a company must be to adequately fit the role
and perform tasks in Do phase.
• PDCA needs to be performed by experts who have deep knowledge of the
objective as well as it’s relative parameters.
• There are other variants of PDCA like: OPDCA and SDCA also used for
similar purposes.
• Many other quality tools like pareto charts and check sheets are used along
with PDCA.

12. Example: Printing Industry

13. Users of PDCA:
• Nestle
• Lockheed Martin
• Toyota
• Public Schools
• Social Services

15. THANK YOU