Electrical Engineering

1. INDUSTRIAL TRAINING SEMINAR
NTPC TAPOVAN-VISHNUGAD HYDRO ELECTRIC POWER
PROJECT (TVHPP)
(130 x 4 MW)
Uttarakhand
Submitted to:
Department of Electrical Engineering,
for the partial fulfillment
of
Degree
Bachelors of Technology
Presented by: Unknown
15
06/09/2019

2. CONTENTS OF PRESENTATION
 Need of Training
 Abstract
 Introduction
 Major parts of TVHPP
 Generator
 Testing of stator
 Substation
 Power transmission
 References

3. NEED OF TRAINING
Higher productivity
Quality improvement
Reduction of learning time
Interest in work
Technology update
Effective management
Effective communication skill

4. ABSTRACT
In Hydro power plant we use mechanical energy of
water to produce electricity.
Hydro power plant is the cheapest way to generate
electricity today because once equipments are
installed it only use energy of water which is free in
nature.
Hydro power plants do not produce pollution.
In TVHPP, we learnt how to deal and operate the
machines. And what care should be taken while
working in large power plants.

5. INTRODUCTION
 A hydroelectric power plant utilizes the mechanical (kinetic
and potential) energy found in moving or still water and
converts it into electricity.
 Water is fed into the Turbine and turbine start rotating due
to torque produced by mechanical energy of water.
 Turbine is connected to rotor of generator and hence when
turbine rotate, rotor of generator also rotate.
 Rotor of machine is given DC excitation from an exciter
which is connected to an automatic voltage regulator. Hence
field generated in rotor.
 When rotor rotates, the magnetic field of rotor act upon
stator’s winding and a 3 phase AC power is generated.

6. ABOUT NTPC
 NTPC (National Thermal Power
Corporation Ltd.) was founded by
Indian government in 1975 to
accelerate the electrical power
development in country.
 NTPC is generating 53,651 MW
of electric power as on April 2018.
 NTPC group operates 21 Coal
based, 7 Gas based, 11 Solar
Photo-Voltaic, 1 Hydro and 1
Wind based projects.
 In 2010, NTPC was conferred
MAHARATNA status by
Government of India.

7. ABOUT NTPC TVHPP
 Tapovan Vishnugad HPP is running
across the Dholi Ganga river in
chamoli district, uttarakhand.
 Tapovan Vishnugad HPP will
consist of four 130MW turbines,
for an installed capacity of
520MW.
 TVHPP is operated as a run-of-
river scheme.
 During monsoon it will operated as
a base load station, running at the
design capacity all the day.
 In dry season it operate as peaking
station, two cycles per day. It will
take 6hr 48min to fill the storage
and provide enough water for peak
generation for 1hr 29min.

8. LAYOUT OF NTPC TVHPP

9. MAJOR PART OF TVHPP
Basically there are three major part of Tapovan
Vishnugad Hydro Power Project:
Barrage
Water conductor system
Power house

10. BARRAGE
 A barrage is a type of low-head, diversion dam which
consists of a number of large gates that can be opened or
closed to control the amount of water passing through.
 Barrage of TVHPP is 200m long and 22m high across the
Dhauli Ganga river. The barrage will have four Gates, each
one 14m wide and 12m high.
 The barrage pond will have a maximum depth of 22 m and a
live storage capacity of 0.57 million cubic meter.
 The pond will have a small submergence area confined of
10 hectares.

12. WATER CONDUCTOR SYSTEM
Water conductor system is consist of:
Water intake structure
Head Race Tunnel
Surge tank
Penstock
Main inlet valve
Tail Race Tunnel

13. WATER INTAKE STRUCTURE
It consist of gated structure at the barrage to control
the flow of water.
Normally these gates remain open and allow water
to flow to the tunnel.
During maintenance and repair of water conductor
system the gates are closed.
In TVHPP there are four gates for water intake
structure.

14. HRT AND TRT
HRT (Head Race Tunnel) is the portion of tunnel
from barrage to penstock.
The head race tunnel of TVHPP is 11.77 km long
and 8.2m dia, which provide a gross head of
523m.
TRT (Tail Race Tunnel) is the portion of tunnel
which is used for conveying water from power
house to back in river.
In TVHPP tail race tunnel is 7m in dia and 439m
long.

15. SURGE TANK
Surge tank is located at the end of tunnel.
It is a well type structure of suitable height and
diameter to absorb the upcoming higher and lower
surges in case of tripping and starting of the machine
in power house.
The surge tank is provided with the gates to stop the
flow of water to the penstock if repairs are to be
carried out in penstock and inlet valve.

16. PENSTOCK
Penstock are the water conductor conduit of suitable
size connecting the surge shaft to main inlet valve.
It allow water to the turbine through main inlet valve.
Penstock is generally made of reinforced concrete or
steel. Concrete penstock are suitable for head less then
30m. The steel penstock are designed for any head.
The thickness of penstocks increases with head or water
pressure.

17. MAIN INLET VALVE
Main inlet valve act as the gate/isolating valve in the
water conducting system.
It located before turbine and allows water flow from
penstock to turbine.
Main inlet valve acts as closing valve and cuts the flow
of water during an emergency trip.
They are of following type:
1) Butterfly type (for head over 200 m)
2) Spherical type (for head below 200m)

18. POWER HOUSE
Power house is a
generation room, consist
of turbine room,
generator, service area.
Service area includes
control and testing rooms,
storage rooms and
maintenance room and
workshop.

19. DRAFT TUBE
Draft tube is located between lower ring of turbine
and tail race.
It conveys water after discharge from runner to tail
race tunnel.
Draft tube gates are provided for isolating the power
house and tail pool before taking maintenance of the
turbine.

20. TURBINES
Turbine converts the potential energy of water into
the mechanical energy and transmit to the generator.
The selection of type of turbine is done on the basis
of head and classified as below:
1) Kaplan turbine (head below 45m)
2) Francis turbine (head between 45 to 300m)
3) Pelton turbine (head over 300m)

21. PELTON TURBINE USED IN TVHPP

22. GENERATOR
Hydro generator is coupled to the turbine and
convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Main generator component includes:
1) Stator
2) Rotor
3) Exciter

23. STATOR SECTION

24. TESTING IN STATOR
MEGGER TEST:
 This test measure the electrical insulation between
copper conductor and the core of the stator or rotor.
 For high voltage equipment DC voltages 600V,
2500V and 5000V are used.
 In TVHPP 2500V DC was used and the normal
insulation was between 22-25 Mega Ohms.

25. SUBSTAION
Substation is defined as an electrical installation
where power is controlled for transmission and
distribution purpose.
132KV line is coming from Rishikesh to Srinagar.
At Srinagar 132KV is step down in 66KV. This line
is coming from Srinagar to Marwari (Joshimath),
Which is governed by UPCL.
NTPC had taken a taping from 66kv line. NTPC
have a substation in power house site at village
ANIMATH. There is a 66/33kv substation and
33/11kv substation.

26. POWER TRANSMISSION
Power from the plant will be evacuated via a new 20
km long 400 kilovolt (kV) transmission line.
This transmission line is to be built by the Power
Transmission Corporation of Uttaranchal Limited
(PTCUL).
This line will run to a substation at Kuvari Pass, to
connect into the existing 400 kV system.

27. SUBSTATION OF TVHPP

28. DUAL-LAYER SOLAR CELL
(TANDOM CELL)
Source: UCLA Samueli School of Engineering.
Summary: Material scientists have developed a
highly efficient thin film double layer
design solar cell.

29. CONSTRUCTION
The upper layer is made by spraying a thin layer of
perovskite- an expensive compound of lead and
iodine.
Perovskite is very efficient at capturing energy from
sunlight.
Bottom layer is made of a compound of
copper,indium, gallium and selenide or CIGS.
The two layer are joined by a nanoscale interface
that UCLA researchers designed. The interface helps
give the device higher voltage, which increases the
amount of power it can export.

30. ADVANTAGES
Double layer solar cell converts 22.4 percent of the
incoming energy coming from sun. The previous record
was 17.8 percent by European research institute in
2016. This performance was confirmed in independent
tests at the U.S. Department of Energy’s National
Renewable Energy Laboratory.
Smaller in size than previous developed solar cells.
This new technology boosted the existing CIGS solar
cell performance by nearly 20 percent. It means cost of
energy will be reduced by 20 percent.
Previous CIGS cells were having absorption coefficient
of 10^5/cm^2 for 1.5eV and higher energy photons.

31. WORKING
With this double layer solar cell design, energy is drawn
from two distinct parts of the solar spectrum over the
same device area.
This increases the amount of energy generated from
sunlight compared to the CIGS alone.
The CIGS base layer, which is 2 micron thick, absorbs
sunlight and generates energy at a rate of 18.7 percent
efficiency by own but adding the 1 micron thick
perovskite layer improves its efficiency to 22.4 percent.

32. SCOPE
The researcher believe that the device using
two- layer design could eventually approach
30 percent power conversion efficiency.

33. REFERENCES
“Barrage”,http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/barrage,
accessed on 1/09/2018
“Working of hydro power project”,
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-
hooifWJ1jYhydro_project , accessed on 1/09/2018
“NTPC”,http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/ntpc_limite
d, accessed on 1/09/2018
“Dual layer solar cell (tandom cell)”,
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/08/18
0830180056.htm, accessed on 4/09/2018

34. Thank You!!!!