This document presents research on the effect of cow dung variety on biogas production. The researcher collected samples of cow dung from Jersey cows, Holstein Friesian cows, White Fulani cows, and Simmental cows to analyze which breed produces dung most suitable for biogas generation. Gas chromatography analysis found that dung from White Fulani cows produced biogas with the highest percentage of methane at 85.33% and highest calorific value at 197.157 Cal/m3, making it the most effective variety for biogas production. The researcher concludes that utilizing White Fulani cow dung in particular could help address Nigeria's energy needs in a sustainable way.

2. EFFECT OF COW DUNG VARIETY
ON BIOGAS PRODUCTION.
PRESENTED BY
MR.PAWAR PRASANNA PRATAP
2012AE/46B
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,
V.N.M.K.V. PARBHANI
SEMINAR ON

3. INTRODUCTION
 Biogas is a renewable, alternative and sustainable
form of energy.
 Biogas as an energy source can be converted to
benefit domestically and to power our industries .
 This topic is carried out with the purpose of
discovering which breed of cows is most effective for
biogas generation, particularly in the West-African
sub-region.

4. BIOGAS
• Biogas is clean environment friendly fuel that can be
obtained by anaerobic digestion of animal residues
and domestic and farm wastes.
• Biogas generally comprise of 55-65 % methane, 35-
45 % carbon dioxide, 0.5-1.0 % hydrogen sulfide and
traces of water vapor.
• Average calorific value of biogas is 20 MJ/m3 (4713
kcal/m3).

5. 5
WHAT IS ANAEROBIC DIGESTION?
 Anaerobic digestion occurs when organic
material decomposes biologically in the
absence of oxygen

6. 6
Benefits of Anaerobic Digestion
 Odour reduction.
 Digested manure retains most of its
nutrient/fertilizer value.
 Digestion minimizes release of methane to
atmosphere during later storage.

7. 7
CONSTITUNTS
1- CH4 - 55-65%
2- Co2 - 35-45%
3- N2 - 0.8%
4- H2 - 0.7%
5- CO - 0.2%
6- O2 - 0.1%
7- H2S - 0.2%

8. ENERGY POTENTIAL OF NIGERIA
(BIO-FUEL) :-
 The reserves for animal waste is as at 2005 was estimated
to be 61.00 million tonnes/ yr.
 Crop residue was put at 83.00 million tonnes/yr.
 50 and 400 MW of electricity is targeted to be generated
from biomass by 2015 and 2025 respectively.
 Nigeria is tremendously blessed with a variety of energy
resources (both conventional and non-conventional).

9. BIOGAS GENERATATION DEPENDS ON
The nature and concentration of the substrate,
Feed rate,
pH value,
Bacterial population,
Temperature, and
Chemical inducers.

10. Materials and methods :-
Samples of cow dung (2 kg) were obtained from the Jersey cows,
Holstein Friesian cows, White Fulani cow and Simmental cows
respectively.
The cows were all fed in equal proportion and at the same time
before the samples were collected, with di-calcium, Soya meal,
wheat offal, cotton seed, and cotton husk.
The 263-50 Gas Chromatograph, D2500 Chromato-Integrator and
Gas Sampler were used for the collection and analysis of the biogas
samples collected from the bio-reactor.
Cow were not treated with antibiotics within the weeks prior to
samples gathering.

11. The gas sample was introduced into the 263-50 Gas-
Chromatograph which was connected to a D2500
Chromato-Integrator and charged for a period of 13 min.
The results were plotted on graph by the D2500
Chromato-Integrator and summary given within 13 min by
the Integrator.
The results indicate the presence of Air (Oxygen and
Nitrogen), CH4, CO, N, CO2 and traces of other gases.

12. Detailed Structural Design Of Fixed Dome Biogas Plant

13. Biogas Plant Design
Floating Drum
Fixed Dome

14. Out let
Pipe
In let
Pipe
Digester
Drum
FLOATING DRUM TYPE
BIOGAS PLANT
Gas
outletInlet
Outlet

15. Biogas Plant

16. BIOGAS FLAME

17. Biogas Lamp For Lighting

18. 18
ENVIRONMENTAL
BENEFITS
 Reduces odor from land application
 Protects water resources
 Reduces pathogens
 Weed seed reduction
 Fly control after digestion
 Greenhouse gas reduction

19. Composition
of biogas
matter
Chemical
formula
White
Fulani (%)
Holstein (%) Jersey (%) Simmental
(%)
Methane CH₄ 85.33 84.916 69.223 60.459
Carbon
dioxide
CO₂ 13.011 14.89 22.991 27.991
Nitrogen N₂ 1.596 0.177 7.8 11.484
Carbon
monoxide
CO 0.13 0.001 0.001 0.021
Air - 0.048 0.01 0.055 0.045
Total - 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
Resultand discussion:-
Table.1 Moles percentages and composition of biogas for Jersey, Simmental, Holstein
and White Fulani cows.

20. S/No. Cow species Percentage
methane
Calorific value
(Cal/m3)
1 White Fulani 85.331 197.157
2 Holstein
Friesian
84.916 196.199
3 Jersey 69.233 159.963
4 Simmental 60.459 149.235
Calorific values of biogas obtained from cows
Table 2. Calorific values of biogas obtained from Jersey, Simmental, Holstein
and the white Fulani cows.

21. Conclusions :-
 The White Fulani, a predominant variety in Nigeria and the West-
African sub-region content the highest percentage of biogas.
 The methods and materials used prove that the white Fulani has the
highest percentage of bio-energy as compare to other breeds
studied.
 Socio-economical can be solved by the abundance of this local
breed of cows.
 The government and private sector need to mobilize energy
resources in cow dung, particularly the White Fulani and other
wastes to ensure energy is provided to Nigerians.

22. Analysis of cow dung produced from
White Fulani, Holstein, Jersey and Simmental :-
Fig . Analysis of cow dung produced from White Fulani, Holstein, Jersey and
Simmental.

23. Energy generated from cow dung :

24. THANK YOU